启动dataguard备库到read-only状态

1. 简述

Standby db的一个作用是用于基于时间点的报表查询,或者分担主库的部分统计报表消耗。我们可以将一个standby db启动到read－only状态，这时就可以提供给客户端查询访问，在standby db打开的过程中，主库的日志文件还是传递过来，只不过不做日志的应用。所以standby db打开的时间越长，以后做日志应用的时间就越长，如果主库故障，则启用备库到正常状态的时间就越长，这是需要您来权衡的。

stndby db数据库打开后,如果需要从read-only状态回到standby状态,我们不需要关闭standby db,只需要执行命令'alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session'就可以重新回到standby状态.

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2. 基本环境描述

2.1 主库基本情况

[root@primarydb ~]# more /etc/hosts

168.0.3.92 primarydb

168.0.3.93 standbydb

[oracle@primarydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> select * from v$version where rownum<2;

BANNER

----------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bi

SQL> select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE

---------- ----------------

READ WRITE PRIMARY

2.2备库基本情况

[oracle@standbydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> select * from v$version where rownum<2;

BANNER

----------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bi

SQL> select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE

---------- ----------------

MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY

2.3 主库创建一个表,用于备库打开时验证数据

[oracle@primarydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL>create table test02 as select * from v$parameter;

SQL>commit;

SQL>alter system switch logfile;

3. 启动standby db到read-only状态

3.1 如果standby db处于mount状态,则可以通过下面的命令启动到read-only状态

[oracle@standbydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE

-------[oracle@standbydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

--- ----------------

MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY

SQL>alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

SQL>alter database open;

3.2 如果standby db数据库处于关闭状态,则执行下面的命令启动到read-only状态

[oracle@standbydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL>startup

3.3 检查确认standby db处于打开状态,并且可以查询普通的表数据

[oracle@standbydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE

---------- ----------------

READ ONLY PHYSICAL STANDBY

SQL> select count(1) from test02;

COUNT(1)

----------

259

4. 切换回standby状态.

4.1 切换回standby 状态

[oracle@standbydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

SQL> select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE

---------- ----------------

MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY

4.2 主库切换日志,验证日志应用状态

[oracle@primarydb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter system archive log current;

System altered.

[root@standbydb bdump]# tail -f alert_newgridctl.log

Completed: alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session

Tue Sep 14 12:26:35 2010

RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc/1_278_724504451.dbf'

Tue Sep 14 12:26:38 2010

Media Recovery Log /oradata/archivelog/newstandby_arc/1_278_724504451.dbf

Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 279

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