JDBC-通用查询类

```java
import org.junit.Test;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.*;

public  class Query {
    @Test
    public void testCustomer() throws SQLException {
        String sql = "select order_id orderId,order_name orderName,order_sex orderSex from customer where order_id = ?";
        Customer instance = getInstance(Customer.class, sql, 1);
        System.out.println(instance.getOrderId() + instance.getOrderName() + instance.getOrderSex());
    }

    public <T> T getInstance(Class<T> clazz,String sql,Object ... args) throws SQLException {
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;

        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
            String user = "root";
            String password = "root";
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            //输入占位符
            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
                ps.setObject(i + 1,args[i]);
            }
            //执行查询
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
            //获取元数据
            ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
            //获取列数
            int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();

            if(rs.next()) {
                Customer customer = new Customer();
                for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++) {
                    //这里索引是1开始 所以加1
                    Object columnValue = rs.getObject(i + 1);
                    //Label是获取别名，如果没有别名会获取列明
                    String colunmLabel = rsmd.getColumnLabel(i + 1);

                    Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(colunmLabel);
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    field.set(customer, columnValue);
                }
                conn.close();
                ps.close();
                return (T) customer;
            }

        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
}