script(3)

script(3)

1. 监控事例的等待

select event,sum(decode(wait_Time,0,0,1)) "Prev",

sum(decode(wait_Time,0,1,0)) "Curr",count(*) "Tot"

from v$session_Wait

group by event order by 4;

2. 回滚段的争用情况

select name, waits, gets, waits/gets "Ratio"

from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b

where a.usn = b.usn;

3. 监控表空间的 I/O 比例

select df.tablespace_name name,df.file_name "file",f.phyrds pyr,

f.phyblkrd pbr,f.phywrts pyw, f.phyblkwrt pbw

from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df

where f.file# = df.file_id

order by df.tablespace_name;

4. 监控文件系统的 I/O 比例

select substr(a.file#,1,2) "#", substr(a.name,1,30) "Name",

a.status, a.bytes, b.phyrds, b.phywrts

from v$datafile a, v$filestat b

where a.file# = b.file#;

5.在某个用户下找所有的索引

select user_indexes.table_name, user_indexes.index_name,uniqueness, column_name

from user_ind_columns, user_indexes

where user_ind_columns.index_name = user_indexes.index_name

and user_ind_columns.table_name = user_indexes.table_name

order by user_indexes.table_type, user_indexes.table_name,

user_indexes.index_name, column_position;

6. 监控 SGA 的命中率

select a.value + b.value "logical_reads", c.value "phys_reads",

round(100 * ((a.value+b.value)-c.value) / (a.value+b.value)) "BUFFER HIT RATIO"

from v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b, v$sysstat c

where a.statistic# = 38 and b.statistic# = 39

and c.statistic# = 40;

7. 监控 SGA 中字典缓冲区的命中率

select parameter, gets,Getmisses , getmisses/(gets+getmisses)*100 "miss ratio",

(1-(sum(getmisses)/ (sum(gets)+sum(getmisses))))*100 "Hit ratio"

from v$rowcache

where gets+getmisses <>;0

group by parameter, gets, getmisses;

8. 监控 SGA 中共享缓存区的命中率，应该小于1%

select sum(pins) "Total Pins", sum(reloads) "Total Reloads",

sum(reloads)/sum(pins) *100 libcache

from v$librarycache;

select sum(pinhits-reloads)/sum(pins) "hit radio",sum(reloads)/sum(pins) "reload percent"

from v$librarycache;

9. 显示所有数据库对象的类别和大小

select count(name) num_instances ,type ,sum(source_size) source_size ,

sum(parsed_size) parsed_size ,sum(code_size) code_size ,sum(error_size) error_size,

sum(source_size) +sum(parsed_size) +sum(code_size) +sum(error_size) size_required

from dba_object_size

group by type order by 2;

10. 监控 SGA 中重做日志缓存区的命中率，应该小于1%

SELECT name, gets, misses, immediate_gets, immediate_misses,

Decode(gets,0,0,misses/gets*100) ratio1,

Decode(immediate_gets+immediate_misses,0,0,

immediate_misses/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)*100) ratio2

FROM v$latch WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy');

11. 监控内存和硬盘的排序比率，最好使它小于 .10，增加 sort_area_size

SELECT name, value FROM v$sysstat WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)');

12. 监控当前数据库谁在运行什么SQL语句

SELECT osuser, username, sql_text from v$session a, v$sqltext b

where a.sql_address =b.address order by address, piece;

13. 监控字典缓冲区

SELECT (SUM(PINS - RELOADS)) / SUM(PINS) "LIB CACHE" FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;

SELECT (SUM(GETS - GETMISSES - USAGE - FIXED)) / SUM(GETS) "ROW CACHE" FROM V$ROWCACHE;

SELECT SUM(PINS) "EXECUTIONS", SUM(RELOADS) "CACHE MISSES WHILE EXECUTING" FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;

后者除以前者,此比率小于1%,接近0%为好。

14. 找ORACLE字符集

select * from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET';

15. 监控 MTS

select busy/(busy+idle) "shared servers busy" from v$dispatcher;

此值大于0.5时，参数需加大

select sum(wait)/sum(totalq) "dispatcher waits" from v$queue where type='dispatcher';

select count(*) from v$dispatcher;

select servers_highwater from v$mts;

servers_highwater接近mts_max_servers时，参数需加大

16. 碎片程度

select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name

having count(tablespace_name)>;10;

alter tablespace name coalesce;

alter table name deallocate unused;

create or replace view ts_blocks_v as

select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_space

union all

select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;

select * from ts_blocks_v;

select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_space

group by tablespace_name;

查看碎片程度高的表

SELECT segment_name table_name , COUNT(*) extents

FROM dba_segments WHERE owner NOT IN ('SYS', 'SYSTEM') GROUP BY segment_name

HAVING COUNT(*) = (SELECT MAX( COUNT(*) ) FROM dba_segments GROUP BY segment_name);

17. 表、索引的存储情况检查

select segment_name,sum(bytes),count(*) ext_quan from dba_extents where

tablespace_name='&tablespace_name' and segment_type='TABLE' group by tablespace_name,segment_name;

select segment_name,count(*) from dba_extents where segment_type='INDEX' and owner='&owner'

group by segment_name;

18、找使用CPU多的用户session

select a.sid,spid,status,substr(a.program,1,40) prog,a.terminal,osuser,value/60/100 value

from v$session a,v$process b,v$sesstat c

where c.statistic#=12 and c.sid=a.sid and a.paddr=b.addr order by value desc;

showsql.sql

set serveroutput on size 1000000
set lines 200
set pages 1000
set feedback off
column username format a20
column sql_text format a98

declare
type tab_varchar2 is table of varchar2(128);
v_list tab_varchar2 := tab_varchar2();

procedure p (p_str in varchar2)
is
l_str long := p_str;
begin
loop
exit when l_str is null;
dbms_output.put_line(substr(l_str, 1, 250));
l_str := substr(l_str, 251);
end loop;
end;
begin
for x in (select a.username||'('||a.sid||','||a.serial#||') ospid='||b.spid||
' hash_value='||to_char(a.sql_hash_value)||' execs='||to_char(s.executions)||
' els_time='||to_char(trunc(elapsed_time/1000000/decode(executions,0,null,executions),2)) username,
' program='||a.program program,a.sid,a.serial#,
' disk_reads='||to_char(trunc(disk_reads/decode(executions,0,null,executions),2)) disk_reads,
' buffer_gets='||to_char(trunc(buffer_gets/decode(executions,0,null,executions),2)) buffer_gets,sql_address,sql_hash_value
from v$session a,v$process b,v$sqlarea s
where a.status = 'ACTIVE' and s.hash_value=a.sql_hash_value
and a.paddr = b.addr and rawtohex(sql_address) <> '00' and a.username is not null
and sid <> (select sid from v$mystat where rownum = 1) order by last_call_et)
loop
dbms_output.put_line( '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' );
dbms_output.put_line( x.username );
dbms_output.put_line( x.program || ' ' ||x.disk_reads || ' '|| x.buffer_gets);
v_list.extend;
v_list(v_list.count) := 'alter system kill session '''||to_char(x.sid)||','||to_char(x.serial#)||''';';
for y in ( select sql_text
from v$sqltext_with_newlines
where address = x.sql_address
order by piece )
loop
p(y.sql_text);
end loop;

--output sql execution plan
dbms_output.put_line( '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' );
for i in (select rpad('|'||substr(lpad(' ',1 * (depth-1))||operation||
decode(options, null,'',' '||options), 1, 32), 33, ' ')||'|'||
rpad(decode(id, 0, '----- '||to_char(hash_value)||' -----',
substr(decode(substr(object_name, 1, 7), 'SYS_LE_', null,
object_name)||' ',1, 20)), 21, ' ')||'|'||
lpad(decode(cardinality,null,' ',decode(sign(cardinality-1000),
-1, cardinality||' ',decode(sign(cardinality-1000000), -1,
trunc(cardinality/1000)||'K',decode(sign(cardinality-1000000000), -1,
trunc(cardinality/1000000)||'M',trunc(cardinality/1000000000)||'G')))), 7, ' ') || '|' ||
lpad(decode(bytes,null,' ',decode(sign(bytes-1024), -1, bytes||' ',
decode(sign(bytes-1048576), -1, trunc(bytes/1024)||'K',decode(sign(bytes-1073741824),
-1, trunc(bytes/1048576)||'M',trunc(bytes/1073741824)||'G')))), 6, ' ') || '|' ||
lpad(decode(cost,null,' ',decode(sign(cost-10000000), -1, cost||' ',
decode(sign(cost-1000000000), -1, trunc(cost/1000000)||'M',
trunc(cost/1000000000)||'G'))), 8, ' ') || '|' as Explain_plan
from v$sql_plan
where hash_value = x.sql_hash_value
and child_number = (select max(child_number) from v$sql_plan where hash_value = x.sql_hash_value))
loop
dbms_output.put_line(i.explain_plan);
end loop;
end loop;

--output kill session script
dbms_output.put_line( '----------------------------alter system kill session---------------------------' );
dbms_output.put_line( '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' );
for i in 1..v_list.count loop
dbms_output.put_line(v_list(i));
end loop;
end;
/

tablespace使用：

select
df.tablespace_name "Tablespace",
block_size "Block Size",
(df.totalspace - fs.freespace) "Used MB",
fs.freespace "Free MB",
df.totalspace "Total MB",
round(100 * (fs.freespace / df.totalspace)) "Pct. Free"
from
dba_tablespaces ts,
(select tablespace_name,
round(sum(bytes) / 1048576) TotalSpace
from dba_data_files
group by tablespace_name) df,
(select tablespace_name,
round(sum(bytes) / 1048576) FreeSpace
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name) fs
where
ts.tablespace_name = fs.tablespace_name
and
df.tablespace_name = fs.tablespace_name(+)
;

我在日常工作中经常需要用10046跟踪一些进程，为了方便，写了一个可以方便查看trace的小脚本。
begin_trace:
---------------------------------------------------------
-- run in SQL*Plus --

set termout off
set heading off
set verify off
set feedback off
alter session set timed_statistics=true;
alter session set events '10046 trace name context forever,level 12';
---------------------------------------------------------


end_trace:
--------------------------------------------------------
-- run in SQL*Plus --

alter session set events '10046 trace name context off';
column trace_file_name new_val f
column tk_name new_val tk
select
d.value||b.is_win||lower(rtrim(i.instance, chr(0)))||'_ora_'||p.spid||'.trc' trace_file_name ,
d.value||b.is_win||'tk.prf' tk_name
from
( select p.spid
from v$mystat m,v$session s,v$process p
where m.statistic# = 1 and s.sid = m.sid and p.addr = s.paddr) p,
( select t.instance from v$thread t,v$parameter v
where v.name = 'thread' and (v.value = 0 or t.thread# = to_number(v.value))) i,
( select value from v$parameter where name = 'user_dump_dest') d,
(select DECODE(count(*),0,'/','') is_win from v$version where upper(banner) like '%WINDOWS%') b;

set termout on
set heading on
set verify on
set feedback on
host tkprof &f &tk
edit &tk
--------------------------------------------------------

使用方法：

suk@oracle9i> @begin_trace --设置事件
suk@oracle9i> select * from dual; --这里写执行的sql

X
suk@oracle9i> @end_trace--结束trace，此时会自动打开格式化后的trace文件



如果是linux，则在进入sqlplus前需要设置：export EDITOR=vi
或者在$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql中加入：
DEFINE _EDITOR = vi

asm:

列出asm文件：

select full_path,dir,sys from
(select concat('+'||gname,sys_connect_by_path(aname,'/')) full_path,dir,sys from
(select g.name gname,a.parent_index pindex,a.name aname,a.reference_index rindex,
a.alias_directory dir ,a.system_created sys
from v$asm_alias a,v$asm_diskgroup g
where a.group_number=g.group_number)
start with (mod(pindex,power(2,24)))=0
connect by prior rindex=pindex
order by dir desc,full_path asc)
where full_path like upper('%/&database%');

产生删除asm文件的脚本：

select 'alter diskgroup '||gname||' drop file '''||full_path||''';' gsql
from
(select concat('+'||gname,sys_connect_by_path(aname,'/')) full_path,gname
from
(select g.name gname,a.parent_index pindex,a.name aname,
a.reference_index rindex,a.alias_directory adir
from v$asm_alias a,v$asm_diskgroup g
where a.group_number=g.group_number)
where adir='N'
start with (mod(pindex,power(2,24)))=0
connect by prior rindex=pindex)
where full_path like upper('%/&database/%');

产生asm删除目录脚本：

select 'alter diskgroup '||gname||' drop directory '''||full_path||''';' gsql
from
(select concat('+'||gname,sys_connect_by_path(aname,'/')) full_path,gname
from
(select g.name gname,a.parent_index pindex,a.name aname,
a.reference_index rindex,a.alias_directory adir
from v$asm_alias a,v$asm_diskgroup g
where a.group_number=g.group_number)
where adir='Y'
start with (mod(pindex,power(2,24)))=0
connect by prior rindex=pindex)
where full_path like upper('%/&database/%');

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/9599/viewspace-472905/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/9599/viewspace-472905/