Nginx初步实践

“nginx与apache相比有多高效”，相信大家都挺多，今天重点不是讲这个，而是记录一下自己学习了Nginx的学习和实践的过程。
这两天下载了nginx（[url=http://nginx.org/en/download.html]官网下载地址[/url]）看了一些相关文档，今天就动手实践一下，本次实践是主要的功能是在nginx中实现负载均衡和反向代理。
nginx.conf配置文件

#用户 用户组
#user www www;
#工作进程
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid文件位置
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    #工作进程的最大连接数量
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #日志的格式
    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }

    #配置自己的虚拟主机
    server {
        listen       80;
        #域名
        server_name  www.xiaoyang.com;
        #日志文件路径
        access_log  logs/xiaoyang.access.log;

        #1、负载均衡-轮询（默认）
        #每个请求按时间顺序逐一分配到不同的后端服务器，如果后端服务器down掉，能自动剔除。
        #upstream  tomcats   {
        #   server   127.0.0.1:8080; 
        #   server   127.0.0.1:8180;
        #}

        #2、负载均衡-weight
        #指定轮询几率，weight和访问比率成正比，用于后端服务器性能不均的情况。
        #upstream  tomcats   {
        #   server   127.0.0.1:8080 weight=3; 
        #   server   127.0.0.1:8180 weight=7;
        #}

        #3、负载均衡-ip_hash
        #每个请求按访问ip的hash结果分配，这样每个访客固定访问一个后端服务器，可以解决session的问题。
        #upstream  tomcats   {
        #   ip_hash;
        #   server   127.0.0.1:8080; 
        #   server   127.0.0.1:8180;
        #}

        #负载均衡
        upstream  tomcats   {
            server   127.0.0.1:8080 weight=3; 
            server   127.0.0.1:8180 weight=7;
        }

        #/都进行反向代理
        location / {
            root   html;  
            index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass        http://tomcats;
            proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
        }

        #/images 路径下的全部恳求
        location ~ ^/images/ {
            root html/images;
        }

        #location ~ \.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|ico)$ {
        #    root html/images/;
        #    expires 24h;
        #}

    }


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl                  on;
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}