创建Windows服务(Windows Services)N种方式总结

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-03 08:58:28 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-03 08:58:28 发布

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最近由于工作需要，写了一些windows服务程序，有一些经验，我现在总结写出来。
目前我知道的创建创建Windows服务有3种方式:
a.利用.net框架类ServiceBase
b.利用组件Topshelf
c.利用小工具instsrv和srvany

下面我利用这3种方式,分别做一个windows服务程序，程序功能就是每隔5秒往程序目录下记录日志:

a.利用.net框架类ServiceBase

本方式特点:简单，兼容性好

通过继承.net框架类ServiceBase实现

第1步: 新建一个Windows服务

    public partial class Service1 : ServiceBase
    {
        readonly Timer _timer;

        private static readonly string FileName = Path.GetDirectoryName ( Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly ( ).Location ) + @"\" + "test.txt";

        public Service1 ( )
        {
            InitializeComponent ( );

            _timer = new Timer ( 5000 )
            {
                AutoReset = true ,
                Enabled = true
            };

            _timer.Elapsed += delegate ( object sender , ElapsedEventArgs e )
            {
                this.witre ( string.Format ( "Run DateTime {0}" , DateTime.Now ) );
            };
        }

        protected override void OnStart ( string [ ] args )
        {
            this.witre ( string.Format ( "Start DateTime {0}" , DateTime.Now ) );
        }

        protected override void OnStop ( )
        {
            this.witre ( string.Format ( "Stop DateTime {0}" , DateTime.Now ) + Environment.NewLine );
        }

        void witre ( string context )
        {
            StreamWriter sw = File.AppendText ( FileName );
            sw.WriteLine ( context );
            sw.Flush ( );
            sw.Close ( );
        }

    }

第2步: 添加Installer

    [RunInstaller ( true )]
    public partial class Installer1 : System.Configuration.Install.Installer
    {
        private ServiceInstaller serviceInstaller;
        private ServiceProcessInstaller processInstaller;

        public Installer1 ( )
        {
            InitializeComponent ( );

            processInstaller = new ServiceProcessInstaller ( );
            serviceInstaller = new ServiceInstaller ( );

            processInstaller.Account = ServiceAccount.LocalSystem;
            serviceInstaller.StartType = ServiceStartMode.Automatic;

            serviceInstaller.ServiceName = "my_WindowsService";
            serviceInstaller.Description = "WindowsService_Description";
            serviceInstaller.DisplayName = "WindowsService_DisplayName";

            Installers.Add ( serviceInstaller );
            Installers.Add ( processInstaller );
        }  
    }

第3步:安装,卸载
Cmd命令
installutil WindowsService_test.exe (安装Windows服务)
installutil /u WindowsService_test.exe (卸载Windows服务)

代码下载:http://files.cnblogs.com/aierong/WindowsService_test.rar

b.利用组件Topshelf

本方式特点:代码简单,开源组件,Windows服务可运行多个实例

Topshelf是一个开源的跨平台的服务框架，支持Windows和Mono，只需要几行代码就可以构建一个很方便使用的服务. 官方网站:http://topshelf-project.com

第1步:引用程序集TopShelf.dll和log4net.dll

第2步:创建一个服务类MyClass,里面包含两个方法Start和Stop,还包含一个定时器Timer,每隔5秒往文本文件中写入字符

    public class MyClass
    {
        readonly Timer _timer;

        private static readonly string FileName = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory ( ) + @"\" + "test.txt";

        public MyClass ( )
        {
            _timer = new Timer ( 5000 )
            {
                AutoReset = true ,
                Enabled = true
            };

            _timer.Elapsed += delegate ( object sender , ElapsedEventArgs e )
            {
                this.witre ( string.Format ( "Run DateTime {0}" , DateTime.Now ) );
            };
        }

        void witre ( string context )
        {
            StreamWriter sw = File.AppendText ( FileName );
            sw.WriteLine ( context );
            sw.Flush ( );
            sw.Close ( );
        }

        public void Start ( )
        {
            this.witre ( string.Format ( "Start DateTime {0}" , DateTime.Now ) );
        }

        public void Stop ( )
        {
            this.witre ( string.Format ( "Stop DateTime {0}" , DateTime.Now ) + Environment.NewLine );
        }

    }

第3步:使用Topshelf宿主我们的服务，主要是Topshelf如何设置我们的服务的配置和启动和停止的时候的方法调用

    class Program
    {
        static void Main ( string [ ] args )
        {
            HostFactory.Run ( x =>
            {
                x.Service<MyClass> ( ( s ) =>
                {
                    s.SetServiceName ( "ser" );
                    s.ConstructUsing ( name => new MyClass ( ) );
                    s.WhenStarted ( ( t ) => t.Start ( ) );
                    s.WhenStopped ( ( t ) => t.Stop ( ) );
                } );

                x.RunAsLocalSystem ( );

                //服务的描述
                x.SetDescription ( "Topshelf_Description" );
                //服务的显示名称
                x.SetDisplayName ( "Topshelf_DisplayName" );
                //服务名称
                x.SetServiceName ( "Topshelf_ServiceName" );

            } );
        }
    }

第4步: cmd命令

ConsoleApp_Topshelf.exe install (安装Windows服务)

ConsoleApp_Topshelf.exe uninstall (卸载Windows服务)

代码下载:http://files.cnblogs.com/aierong/ConsoleApp_Topshelf.rar

c.利用小工具instsrv和srvany

本方式特点:代码超级简单,WindowsForm程序即可,并支持程序交互(本人最喜欢的特点),好像不支持win7,支持xp win2003

首先介绍2个小工具:

instsrv.exe:用以安装和卸载可执行的服务

srvany.exe:用于将任何EXE程序作为Windows服务运行

这2个工具都是是Microsoft Windows Resource Kits工具集的实用的小工具

你可以通过下载并安装Microsoft Windows Resource Kits获得 http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=17657

第1步: 新建WindowsForm程序

   public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        Timer _timer;

        private static readonly string FileName = Application.StartupPath + @"\" + "test.txt";

        public Form1 ( )
        {
            InitializeComponent ( );
        }

        private void Form1_Load ( object sender , EventArgs e )
        {
            _timer = new Timer ( )
            {
                Enabled = true ,
                Interval = 5000
            };

            _timer.Tick += delegate ( object _sender , EventArgs _e )
            {
                this.witre ( string.Format ( "Run DateTime {0}" , DateTime.Now ) );
            };
        }

        void _timer_Tick ( object sender , EventArgs e )
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException ( );
        }

        void witre ( string context )
        {
            StreamWriter sw = File.AppendText ( FileName );
            sw.WriteLine ( context );
            sw.Flush ( );
            sw.Close ( );
        }

        private void button1_Click ( object sender , EventArgs e )
        {
            MessageBox.Show ( "Hello" );
        }

    }