mariadb 安装步骤

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下载地址:https://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/10.2.10/

## 二进制压缩包安装

安装包 mariadb-10.2.10-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

软件目录 /opt/mysql

数据目录 /data/mysql/data

### 环境配置

yum -y install readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel libaio-devel

### 安装

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

mkdir -p /data/mysql/data

chown -R mysql /data/mysql

cd /opt

tar -xf mariadb-10.2.10-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mariadb-10.2.10-linux-x86_64 mysql

cd mysql

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir= /data/mysql/data

### 添加环境变量

vim /etc/profile 添加

export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql/bin

source /etc/profile

### 配置my.cnf文件

vim /opt/mysql/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock

[mysql]
prompt = "\u@rac2 \R:\m:\s [\d]> "

[mysqld]
user = mysql
port = 3306
basedir = /opt/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/data
socket = /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock

slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/data/slow.log
log-error = /data/mysql/data/error.log
long_query_time = 0.5
log_queries_not_using_indexes =1
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 60

log_slow_admin_statements = 1
log_slow_slave_statements = 1
server-id = 3306
log-bin = /data/mysql/data/mybinlog
sync_binlog = 1
expire_logs_days = 30

transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
innodb_buffer_pool_size =50M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:50M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 50M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_max_undo_log_size = 200M

### 启动mysql

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql &

### 配置root账户

mysql --socket=/data/mysql/data/mysql.sock

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to root@'localhost' identified by 'rootroot';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'rootroot';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

### 删除匿名用户

MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user;

MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host from mysql.user where user='' or host='';

MariaDB [(none)]> delete from mysql.user where user='' or host='';

### 验证账号是否生效

[root@mysql-master bin]# mysql -uroot -p --socket=/data/opt/mysql/mysql.sock

### 配置别名(可选)

vim /root/.bashrc

alias mysql3306='/opt/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -prootroot --socket=/data/mysql/data/mysql.sock'

alias stop_mysql_3306='mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p"rootroot" --socket=/data/mysql/data/mysql.sock'

alias start_mysql_3306=' mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/opt/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql &'

参考用二进制压缩包安装MariaDB

https://mariadb.com/kb/zh-cn/installing-mariadb-binary-tarballs/

## yum安装

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

mkdir bak

mv ./*.repo bk

配置yum源

vim mysql.repo

[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.2/centos6-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

yum install boost

yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client

sudo systemctl start mariadb

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

参考地址:https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/yum/

参考地址:

https://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/#mirror=neusoft&distro=CentOS&distro_release=centos6-amd64--centos6&version=10.2

## 源码安装

安装包mariadb-10.2.10.tar

软件目录 /opt/mysql

数据目录 /data/mysql/data

yum install -y ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl gcc-c++ cmake

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

gunzip mariadb-10.2.10.tar.gz

tar -xf mariadb-10.2.10.tar

cd mariadb-10.2.10

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mydata -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci

make

make install

cd /usr/local/mysql

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mariadb/data/

vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf 修改配置文件

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mariadb/data
socket=/data/mariadb/data/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mariadb/data/mysqld.pid

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql /data/mariadb

启动mysql

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf &

登陆mysql

mysql -uroot -p --socket=/data/mariadb/data/mysql.sock

参考文档:https://www.cnblogs.com/daixiang/p/5431639.html

## mysql升级方法

1.在目标服务器上安装新版本的 MySQL

2.在新版本 MySQL 上创建和老版本同名的数据库

mysqladmin -h hostname -P port -u user -p passwd create db_name

3.将老版本 MySQL 上的数据库通过管道导入到新版本数据库中。命令如下：