在上一篇文章中,简单的介绍了使用Fluent API如何管理一对一的实体关系,在这篇文章中,接着介绍Fluent API如何管理一对多的实体关系。
要在数据库中配置一对多关系,我们可以依赖EF约定,还可以使用数据注解或Fluent API来显式创建关系。接下来使用捐赠者Donator和支付方法PayWay这两个类来举例子,这里的一对多关系是:一个人可以通过多种支付方式赞助我。
支付方式类PayWay结构如下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace OneToMany.Model.Model
{
public class PayWay
{
public int PayWayId { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public virtual Donator Donator { get; set; }
}
}
因为一个赞助者可以通过多种支付方式赞助我,这句话就表明了Donator对象应该有一个PayWay的集合,因此,我们要给Donator类新加入一个集合属性,捐赠者类Donator结构如下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace OneToMany.Model.Model
{
public class Donator
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Amount { get; set; }
public DateTime DonateDate { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// PayWay类型的集合属性
/// </summary>
public virtual ICollection<PayWay> PayWays { get; set; }
}
}
Donator类的配置伙伴类的定义如下:
using OneToMany.Model.Model;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace OneToMany.Map.Map
{
public class DonatorMap :EntityTypeConfiguration<Donator>
{
public DonatorMap()
{
ToTable("Donator");
//将Name设置为必须
this.Property(p => p.Name).IsRequired();
}
}
}
PayWay的配置伙伴类的定义如下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using OneToMany.Model.Model;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
namespace OneToMany.Map.Map
{
public class PayWayMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<PayWay>
{
public PayWayMap()
{
ToTable("PayWay");
this.Property(p => p.Name).HasMaxLength(16);
}
}
}
EFDbContext类定义如下:
using OneToMany.Model.Model;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace OneToMany.Map.EFContext
{
public class EFDbContext:DbContext
{
public EFDbContext()
: base("name=CodeFirstApplication")
{ }
public DbSet<PayWay> PayWays { get; set; }
public DbSet<Donator> Donators { get; set; }
protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
// 设置主键
modelBuilder.Entity<PayWay>().HasKey(p => p.PayWayId);
modelBuilder.Entity<Donator>().HasKey(p => p.DonatorId);
// 设置一对多
modelBuilder.Entity<Donator>().HasMany(p => p.PayWays).WithRequired(t => t.Donator);
base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
}
}
}
控制台程序定义如下:
using OneToMany.Map.EFContext;
using OneToMany.Model.Model;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace OneToManyApplication
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var context = new EFDbContext())
{
var donator = new Donator
{
Amount = 6,
Name = "虾米",
DonateDate = DateTime.Now,
PayWays = new List<PayWay> {
new PayWay{Name="支付宝"},
new PayWay{Name="微信"}
}
};
context.Donators.Add(donator);
context.SaveChanges();
}
Console.WriteLine("执行成功");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
程序运行后数据库结构如下:
查询数据: