target DB：
[root@testora197 rmanback]# hostname
testora197.uplooking.com
[oracle@testora197 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
Gabriel
SQL> select * from v$version where rownum<2;
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Prod
auxiliary DB：
[root@testora201 ~]# hostname
testora201.uplooking.com
在target database 上 首先查看数据库中的数据：
SQL> conn gabriel/gabriel
Connected.
SQL> select table_name from user_tables;
TABLE_NAME
------------------------------
TEST_REDO
SQL> select count(1) from test_redo;
COUNT(1)
----------
2
进行一个0级备份：
[root@testora197 rmanback]# ll
total 644260
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 4035072 Aug 6 14:51 arch_4dmjanvh_1_1_20110806
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1610752 Aug 6 14:51 arch_4emjanvh_1_1_20110806
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7405568 Aug 6 14:51 ctl_file_4fmjanvl_1_1_20110806
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 33677312 Aug 6 14:50 gabriel_lev0_4amjanrv_1_1_20110806
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 612220928 Aug 6 14:51 gabriel_lev0_4bmjans0_1_1_20110806
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 98304 Aug 6 14:51 gabriel_spfile_4gmjanvm_1_1_20110806
在Auxiliary数据库上装好数据库软件， 不建库，准备拿192.168.0.110的全库备份进行恢复
具体步骤如下：
(1) 拷贝192.168.0.110 的备份到 target库上：
[root@testora201 rmanback]# scp 192.168.0.110:/backup/rmanback/* ./
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.110 (192.168.0.110)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 78:44:1c:ce:78:24:b4:54:a2:94:f7:50:03:36:74:2d.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.110' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.0.110's password:
arch_4dmjanvh_1_1_20110806 100% 3941KB 3.9MB/s 00:01
arch_4emjanvh_1_1_20110806 100% 1573KB 1.5MB/s 00:00
ctl_file_4fmjanvl_1_1_20110806 100% 7232KB 3.5MB/s 00:02
gabriel_lev0_4amjanrv_1_1_20110806 100% 32MB 2.3MB/s 00:14
gabriel_lev0_4bmjans0_1_1_20110806 100% 584MB 1.5MB/s 06:21
gabriel_spfile_4gmjanvm_1_1_20110806 100% 96KB 96.0KB/s 00:00
由于110 上有一个数据库的存在， 其ORACLE_SID 如下：
[oracle@testora201 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
gabriel1
为了不影响此库，做了一个随便的设置(假设我们拿到了一个备份， 但是不知道SID)：
[oracle@testora201 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=test
[oracle@testora201 ~]$ rman target /
[oracle@testora201 rmanback]$ rman target / nocatalog
[uniread] Loaded history (21 lines)
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Aug 6 20:41:56 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
可以看出 数据库的状态是 not started 状态， 要进行参数文件恢复数据库必须启动到nomount 状态。
RMAN> startup nomount
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/10g/dbs/inittest.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrival of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 159383552 bytes
Fixed Size 1218244 bytes
Variable Size 58722620 bytes
Database Buffers 92274688 bytes
Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes
可以看到 数据启动， 此过程 rman 没有 找到 spfiletest.ora inittest.ora 直接采用默认的init.ora 启动了。
(2) 恢复参数文件
RMAN> restore spfile to pfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initgabrielaa.ora' from '/backup/rmanback/gabriel_spfile_4gmjanvm_1_1_20110806';
Starting restore at 06-AUG-11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=36 devtype=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/06/2011 20:48:42
RMAN-06172: no autobackup found or specified handle is not a valid copy or piece
----看到此错误刚开始有点迷悟，难道真的是 not a valid , 在target 库上进行了相关的命令恢复， 完全是正常的， 根据经验，肯定是文件权限的问题， 检查了一下， 果然是scp 后，忘记了 chown chmod， 进行相关更改后：
[root@testora201 ~]# chown oracle.oinstall /backup/rmanback/ -R
[root@testora201 ~]# chmod 755 /backup/rmanback/ -R
[oracle@testora201 ~]$ rman target / nocatalog
[uniread] Loaded history (25 lines)
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Aug 6 20:55:50 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: DUMMY (not mounted)
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN> restore spfile to pfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initgabrielaa.ora' from '/backup/rmanback/gabriel_spfile_4gmjanvm_1_1_20110806';
Starting restore at 06-AUG-11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=39 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: /backup/rmanback/gabriel_spfile_4gmjanvm_1_1_20110806
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete
Finished restore at 06-AUG-11
参数文件恢复完成， vim initgabrielaa.ora 找出相关信息， 改为正确的SID 将数据库启动 到 nomount 状态
[oracle@testora201 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=gabriel
[oracle@testora201 ~]$ sql / as sysdba
[uniread] Loaded history (10 lines)
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Aug 6 21:04:07 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10g/dbs/spfilegabriel.ora' from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initgabriel.ora';
File created.
SQL> startup nomount
ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file
Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 9925
可以看出oracle 相关的一些dump 目录没有创建， 根据initgabriel.ora 的相关信息建立所需目录
[root@testora201 ~]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/admin/gabriel/{a,b,c,u,dp}dump -p
[root@testora201 ~]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel
[root@testora201 ~]# chown oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle/admin/gabriel -R
[root@testora201 ~]# chmod 755 /u01/app/oracle/admin/gabriel -R
[root@testora201 ~]# chown oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel
[root@testora201 ~]# chmod 755 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/Gabriel
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed Size 1218292 bytes
Variable Size 83888396 bytes
Database Buffers 75497472 bytes
Redo Buffers 7168000 bytes
SQL> show parameter pfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/10g/db
s/spfilegabriel.ora
(3) 恢复控制文件
在上已经创建了控制文件的存放路径， 根据initgabriel.ora 信息 直接对三个参数文件进行恢复
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/backup/rmanback/ctl_file_4fmjanvl_1_1_20110806';
Starting restore at 06-AUG-11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/control01.ctl
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/control02.ctl
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/control03.ctl
Finished restore at 06-AUG-11
RMAN> startup mount
database is already started
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
(4) 恢复数据文件
Restore database:
由于个人建立数据库的规范性， 数据文件存放目录 与target 库的目录基本一致， 无需做set newname 处理， 直接进行 restore 处理
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 06-AUG-11
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 06-AUG-11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: sid=155 devtype=DISK
Crosschecked 4 objects
Crosschecked 17 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 06-AUG-11
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 06-AUG-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 06-AUG-11
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/undotbs01.dbf
restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/users01.dbf
restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/rman01.dbf
restoring datafile 00008 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/test_readonly01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/rmanback/gabriel_lev0_4amjanrv_1_1_20110806
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/system01.dbf
restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/sysaux01.dbf
restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/example01.dbf
restoring datafile 00007 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/rm01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /backup/rmanback/gabriel_lev0_4bmjans0_1_1_20110806
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/backup/rmanback/gabriel_lev0_4amjanrv_1_1_20110806 tag=ORCL_LEV0
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:17
channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/backup/rmanback/gabriel_lev0_4bmjans0_1_1_20110806 tag=ORCL_LEV0
channel ORA_DISK_2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:44
Finished restore at 06-AUG-11
Recover database:
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 06-AUG-11
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: sid=154 devtype=DISK
starting media recovery
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=57
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=58
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/rmanback/arch_4emjanvh_1_1_20110806
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/backup/rmanback/arch_4emjanvh_1_1_20110806 tag=ARC_BAK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/GABRIEL/archivelog/2011_08_06/o1_mf_1_57_73tlrw4c_.arc thread=1 sequence=57
channel default: deleting archive log(s)
archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/GABRIEL/archivelog/2011_08_06/o1_mf_1_57_73tlrw4c_.arc recid=59 stamp=758498972
archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/GABRIEL/archivelog/2011_08_06/o1_mf_1_58_73tlrwb5_.arc thread=1 sequence=58
channel default: deleting archive log(s)
archive log filename=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/GABRIEL/archivelog/2011_08_06/o1_mf_1_58_73tlrwb5_.arc recid=58 stamp=758498972
unable to find archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=59
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 08/06/2011 22:09:35
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 seq 59 lowscn 905349
----由于缺省必要的redo log 故数据库报以上错误，当然可以使用 recover database until scn 905349 排除以上故障。
(5) Resetlogs 打开数据库， 在resetlogs 数据库后 数据库自动生成了 3个 redo group 1个 temp文件。
[oracle@testora201 ~]$ sql / as sysdba
[uniread] Loaded history (28 lines)
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Aug 6 22:13:33 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
[oracle@testora201 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gabriel/
control01.ctl example01.dbf redo03.log sysaux01.dbf test_readonly01.dbf
control02.ctl redo01.log rm01.dbf system01.dbf undotbs01.dbf
control03.ctl redo02.log rman01.dbf temp01.dbf users01.dbf
SQL> select dbms_flashback.get_system_change_number as scn from dual;
SCN
----------
907093
SQL> conn gabriel/gabriel
Connected.
SQL> select count(1) from test_redo;
COUNT(1)
----------
2
数据是可以看到了，既然已经resetlogs了 数据的丢失是肯定的， 如果要正常使用此库， 还需对数据库的 redo log temp 做优化处理， 如果 target 数据库还在使用， 想两个库不相冲突，必须使用系统级别的nid 更改一下 dbname 和dbid.
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/8117479/viewspace-704418/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/8117479/viewspace-704418/
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