Xtrabackup2.0.8源码安装使用

Xtrabackup2.0.8源码安装使用

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Xtrabackup是一个对InnoDB做数据备份的工具，支持在线热备份（备份时不影响数据读写），是商业备份工具InnoDB Hotbackup的一个很好的替代品。
Xtrabackup有两个主要的工具：xtrabackup、innobackupex
（1）xtrabackup只能备份InnoDB和XtraDB两种数据表，而不能备份MyISAM数据表
（2）innobackupex 则封装了xtrabackup，是一个脚本封装，所以能同时备份处理innodb和myisam，但在处理myisam时需要加一个读锁
（3）Xtrabackup 2.1.x版本的支持MySQL 5.5 and 5.6 servers，Xtrabackup 2.0.x版本的支持MySQL 5.0, 5.1, 5.5 and 5.6 servers


官网下载地址：
https://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/

百度网盘下载地址：
http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dDtyfD3

安装文档：
https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.0/index.html


环境：
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.66, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1

1. 源码安装
包安装：
[root@nagios tmp]# yum install cmake gcc gcc-c++ libaio libaio-devel automake autoconf bzr bison libtool ncurses-devel zlib-devel

[root@nagios tmp]# ll
total 10984
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11241809 Oct 10 15:21 percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8.tar.gz
[root@nagios tmp]# tar -xvf percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8.tar.gz


[root@nagios tmp]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.66, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1
[root@nagios tmp]# 
[root@nagios tmp]# 
[root@nagios tmp]# cd percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8
[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# ll
total 172
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   2396 Sep  3  2013 BUILD.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   2992 Sep  3  2013 BUILD-WIN.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1695 Sep  3  2013 CMakeLists.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   4096 Oct 10 15:23 contrib
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  19070 Sep  3  2013 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   4096 Oct 10 15:23 doc
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 113912 Sep  3  2013 innobackupex
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   4096 Oct 10 15:23 patches
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root   4096 Oct 10 15:23 src
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root   4096 Oct 10 15:23 test
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   4096 Oct 10 15:23 utils
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     25 Sep  3  2013 VERSION

[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# cat BUILD.txt 
================================
How to build XtraBackup on Linux
================================

Prerequisites
-------------


The following packages and tools must be installed to compile 
Percona XtraBackup from source. These might vary from system to system.

In Debian-based distributions, you need to:

  $ apt-get install build-essential flex bison automake autoconf bzr \
    libtool cmake libaio-dev mysql-client libncurses-dev zlib1g-dev

In RPM-based distributions, you need to:

  $ yum install cmake gcc gcc-c++ libaio libaio-devel automake autoconf bzr \
    bison libtool ncurses5-devel

Compiling with build.sh
-----------------------

Once you have all dependencies met, the compilation is straight-forward with 
the bundled build.sh script in the utils/ directory of the distribution.

The script needs the codebase for which the building is targeted, you must
provide it with one of the following values or aliases:


  ================== =========  =============================================
  Value              Alias      Server
  ================== =========  =============================================
  innodb51_builtin   5.1        build against built-in InnoDB in MySQL 5.1
  innodb51           plugin     build against InnoDB plugin in MySQL 5.1
  innodb55           5.5        build against InnoDB in MySQL 5.5
  xtradb51           xtradb     build against Percona Server with XtraDB 5.1
  xtradb55           xtradb55   build against Percona Server with XtraDB 5.5
  innodb56           5.6        build against InnoDB in MySQL 5.6
  ================== =========  =============================================

Note that the script must be executed from the base directory of Xtrabackup 
sources, and that directory must contain the packages with the source code of 
the codebase selected. This may appear cumbersome, but if the variable
AUTO_DOWNLOAD="yes" is set, the build.sh script will download all the source 
code needed for the build.

At the base directory of the downloaded source code, if you execute

  $ AUTO_DOWNLOAD="yes" ./utils/build.sh xtradb

and you go for a coffee, at your return XtraBackup will be ready to be used.
The xtrabackup binary will located in the "percona-xtrabackup/src" subdirectory.

After this you'll need to copy innobackupex and the corresponding xtrabackup
binary to some directory listed in the PATH environment variable, e.g. /usr/bin.

[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# 



采用内网安装，所以不用  AUTO_DOWNLOAD="yes"
先下载：mysql-5.1.59.tar.gz   官网安装文档上有下载地址
https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.0/installation/compiling_xtrabackup.html

[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# ./utils/build.sh innodb51
Downloading sources
Put mysql-5.1.59.tar.gz in /tmp/percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8 or set environment variable AUTO_DOWNLOAD to "yes"
[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# cp /tmp/mysql-5.1.59.tar.gz /tmp/percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8
[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# ./utils/build.sh innodb51
Downloading sources
Preparing sources
。
。
。
安装出来后，可以发现innodb备份工具。 innobackupex 
[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# ll
total 23932
-rw-r--r--  1 root root      2396 Sep  3  2013 BUILD.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 root root      2992 Sep  3  2013 BUILD-WIN.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 root root      1695 Sep  3  2013 CMakeLists.txt
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root      4096 Oct 12 09:45 contrib
-rw-r--r--  1 root root     19070 Sep  3  2013 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root      4096 Oct 12 09:45 doc
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root    113912 Sep  3  2013 innobackupex
drwxrwxrwx 33 7155 wheel     4096 Oct 12 09:56 mysql-5.1
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  24325443 Oct 12 09:45 mysql-5.1.59.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root      4096 Oct 12 09:45 patches
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root      4096 Oct 12 09:58 src
drwxr-xr-x  8 root root      4096 Oct 12 09:45 test
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root      4096 Oct 12 09:45 utils
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        25 Sep  3  2013 VERSION
[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# ./innobackupex --help
Options:
    --apply-log
        Prepare a backup in BACKUP-DIR by applying the transaction log file
        named "xtrabackup_logfile" located in the same directory. Also,
        create new transaction logs. The InnoDB configuration is read from
        the file "backup-my.cnf".


    --compress
        This option instructs xtrabackup to compress backup copies of InnoDB
        data files. It is passed directly to the xtrabackup child process.
        Try 'xtrabackup --help' for more details.

    --compress-threads
        This option specifies the number of worker threads that will be used
        for parallel compression. It is passed directly to the xtrabackup
        child process. Try 'xtrabackup --help' for more details.

    --copy-back
        Copy all the files in a previously made backup from the backup
        directory to their original locations.

    --databases=LIST
        This option specifies the list of databases that innobackupex should
        back up. The option accepts a string argument or path to file that
        contains the list of databases to back up. The list is of the form
        "databasename1[.table_name1] databasename2[.table_name2] . . .". If
        this option is not specified, all databases containing MyISAM and
        InnoDB tables will be backed up. Please make sure that --databases
        contains all of the InnoDB databases and tables, so that all of the
        innodb.frm files are also backed up. In case the list is very long,
        this can be specified in a file, and the full path of the file can
        be specified instead of the list. (See option --tables-file.)

    --defaults-file=[MY.CNF]
        This option specifies what file to read the default MySQL options
        from. The option accepts a string argument. It is also passed
        directly to xtrabackup's --defaults-file option. See the xtrabackup
        documentation for details.

    --defaults-extra-file=[MY.CNF]
        This option specifies what extra file to read the default MySQL
        options from before the standard defaults-file. The option accepts a
        string argument. It is also passed directly to xtrabackup's
        --defaults-extra-file option. See the xtrabackup documentation for
        details.

    --export
        This option is passed directly to xtrabackup's --export option. It
        enables exporting individual tables for import into another server.
        See the xtrabackup documentation for details.

    --extra-lsndir=DIRECTORY
        This option specifies the directory in which to save an extra copy
        of the "xtrabackup_checkpoints" file. The option accepts a string
        argument. It is passed directly to xtrabackup's --extra-lsndir
        option. See the xtrabackup documentation for details.

    --galera-info
        This options creates the xtrabackup_galera_info file which contians
        the local node state at the time of the backup. Option should be
        used when performing the backup of Percona-XtraDB-Cluster.

    --help
        This option displays a help screen and exits.

    --host=HOST
        This option specifies the host to use when connecting to the
        database server with TCP/IP. The option accepts a string argument.
        It is passed to the mysql child process without alteration. See
        mysql --help for details.

    --ibbackup=IBBACKUP-BINARY
        This option specifies which xtrabackup binary should be used. The
        option accepts a string argument. IBBACKUP-BINARY should be the
        command used to run XtraBackup. The option can be useful if the
        xtrabackup binary is not in your search path or working directory.
        If this option is not specified, innobackupex attempts to determine
        the binary to use automatically. By default, "xtrabackup" is the
        command used. However, when option --copy-back is specified,
        "xtrabackup_51" is the command used. And when option --apply-log is
        specified, the binary is used whose name is in the file
        "xtrabackup_binary" in the backup directory, if that file exists.

    --include=REGEXP
        This option is a regular expression to be matched against table
        names in databasename.tablename format. It is passed directly to
        xtrabackup's --tables option. See the xtrabackup documentation for
        details.

    --incremental
        This option tells xtrabackup to create an incremental backup, rather
        than a full one. It is passed to the xtrabackup child process. When
        this option is specified, either --incremental-lsn or
        --incremental-basedir can also be given. If neither option is given,
        option --incremental-basedir is passed to xtrabackup by default, set
        to the first timestamped backup directory in the backup base
        directory.

    --incremental-basedir=DIRECTORY
        This option specifies the directory containing the full backup that
        is the base dataset for the incremental backup. The option accepts a
        string argument. It is used with the --incremental option.

    --incremental-dir=DIRECTORY
        This option specifies the directory where the incremental backup
        will be combined with the full backup to make a new full backup. The
        option accepts a string argument. It is used with the --incremental
        option.

    --log-copy-interval
        This option specifies time interval between checks done by log
        copying thread in milliseconds.

    --incremental-lsn
        This option specifies the log sequence number (LSN) to use for the
        incremental backup. The option accepts a string argument. It is used
        with the --incremental option. It is used instead of specifying
        --incremental-basedir. For databases created by MySQL and Percona
        Server 5.0-series versions, specify the LSN as two 32-bit integers
        in high:low format. For databases created in 5.1 and later, specify
        the LSN as a single 64-bit integer.


    --move-back
        Move all the files in a previously made backup from the backup
        directory to the actual datadir location. Use with caution, as it
        removes backup files.


    --no-lock
        Use this option to disable table lock with "FLUSH TABLES WITH READ
        LOCK". Use it only if ALL your tables are InnoDB and you DO NOT CARE
        about the binary log position of the backup. This option shouldn't
        be used if there are any DDL statements being executed or if any
        updates are happening on non-InnoDB tables (this includes the system
        MyISAM tables in the mysql database), otherwise it could lead to an
        inconsistent backup. If you are considering to use --no-lock because
        your backups are failing to acquire the lock, this could be because
        of incoming replication events preventing the lock from succeeding.
        Please try using --safe-slave-backup to momentarily stop the
        replication slave thread, this may help the backup to succeed and
        you then don't need to resort to using this option.


    --no-timestamp
        This option prevents creation of a time-stamped subdirectory of the
        BACKUP-ROOT-DIR given on the command line. When it is specified, the
        backup is done in BACKUP-ROOT-DIR instead.


    --parallel=NUMBER-OF-THREADS
        This option specifies the number of threads the xtrabackup child
        process should use to back up files concurrently. The option accepts
        an integer argument. It is passed directly to xtrabackup's
        --parallel option. See the xtrabackup documentation for details.


    --password=WORD
        This option specifies the password to use when connecting to the
        database. It accepts a string argument. It is passed to the mysql
        child process without alteration. See mysql --help for details.


    --port=PORT
        This option specifies the port to use when connecting to the
        database server with TCP/IP. The option accepts a string argument.
        It is passed to the mysql child process. It is passed to the mysql
        child process without alteration. See mysql --help for details.


    --redo-only
        This option should be used when preparing the base full backup and
        when merging all incrementals except the last one. This option is
        passed directly to xtrabackup's --apply-log-only option. This forces
        xtrabackup to skip the "rollback" phase and do a "redo" only. This
        is necessary if the backup will have incremental changes applied to
        it later. See the xtrabackup documentation for details.


    --remote-host=HOSTNAME
        This option is DEPRECATED and will be removed in Percona XtraBackup
        2.1. In Percona XtraBackup 2.0 and later, you should use streaming
        backups instead. This option specifies the remote host on which the
        backup files will be created, by using an ssh connection. The option
        accepts a string argument.


    --rsync
        Uses the rsync utility to optimize local file transfers. When this
        option is specified, innobackupex uses rsync to copy all non-InnoDB
        files instead of spawning a separate cp for each file, which can be
        much faster for servers with a large number of databases or tables.
        This option cannot be used together with --remote-host or --stream.


    --safe-slave-backup
        Stop slave SQL thread and wait to start backup until
        Slave_open_temp_tables in "SHOW STATUS" is zero. If there are no
        open temporary tables, the backup will take place, otherwise the SQL
        thread will be started and stopped until there are no open temporary
        tables. The backup will fail if Slave_open_temp_tables does not
        become zero after --safe-slave-backup-timeout seconds. The slave SQL
        thread will be restarted when the backup finishes.


    --safe-slave-backup-timeout
        How many seconds --safe-slave-backup should wait for
        Slave_open_temp_tables to become zero. (default 300)


    --scpopt=SCP-OPTIONS
        This option specifies the command line options to pass to scp when
        the option --remost-host is specified. The option accepts a string
        argument. If the option is not specified, the default options are
        "-Cp -c arcfour".


    --sshopt=SSH-OPTIONS
        This option specifies the command line options to pass to ssh when
        the option --remost-host is specified. The option accepts a string
        argument.


    --slave-info
        This option is useful when backing up a replication slave server. It
        prints the binary log position and name of the master server. It
        also writes this information to the "xtrabackup_slave_info" file as
        a "CHANGE MASTER" command. A new slave for this master can be set up
        by starting a slave server on this backup and issuing a "CHANGE
        MASTER" command with the binary log position saved in the
        "xtrabackup_slave_info" file.


    --socket=SOCKET
        This option specifies the socket to use when connecting to the local
        database server with a UNIX domain socket. The option accepts a
        string argument. It is passed to the mysql child process without
        alteration. See mysql --help for details.


    --stream=STREAMNAME
        This option specifies the format in which to do the streamed backup.
        The option accepts a string argument. The backup will be done to
        STDOUT in the specified format. Currently, the only supported
        formats are tar and xbstream. This option is passed directly to
        xtrabackup's --stream option.


    --tables-file=FILE
        This option specifies the file in which there are a list of names of
        the form database. The option accepts a string argument.table, one
        per line. The option is passed directly to xtrabackup's
        --tables-file option.


    --throttle=IOS
        This option specifies a number of I/O operations (pairs of
        read+write) per second. It accepts an integer argument. It is passed
        directly to xtrabackup's --throttle option.


    --tmpdir=DIRECTORY
        This option specifies the location where a temporary file will be
        stored. The option accepts a string argument. It should be used when
        --remote-host or --stream is specified. For these options, the
        transaction log will first be stored to a temporary file, before
        streaming or copying to a remote host. This option specifies the
        location where that temporary file will be stored. If the option is
        not specifed, the default is to use the value of tmpdir read from
        the server configuration.


    --use-memory=B
        This option accepts a string argument that specifies the amount of
        memory in bytes for xtrabackup to use for crash recovery while
        preparing a backup. Multiples are supported providing the unit (e.g.
        1MB, 1GB). It is used only with the option --apply-log. It is passed
        directly to xtrabackup's --use-memory option. See the xtrabackup
        documentation for details.


    --user=NAME
        This option specifies the MySQL username used when connecting to the
        server, if that's not the current user. The option accepts a string
        argument. It is passed to the mysql child process without
        alteration. See mysql --help for details.


    --defaults-group=GROUP-NAME
        This option specifies the group name in my.cnf which should be used.
        This is needed for mysqld_multi deployments.


    --version
        This option displays the xtrabackup version and copyright notice and
        then exits.


创建快速链接：
[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# mv /tmp/percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8 /usr/local/
[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# ln -s /usr/local/percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8/innobackupex /usr/bin/innobackupex
innobackupex  innochecksum  
[root@nagios ~]# innobackupex 
[root@nagios ~]# innobackupex --help
Options:
    --apply-log
        Prepare a backup in BACKUP-DIR by applying the transaction log file
        named "xtrabackup_logfile" located in the same directory. Also,
        create new transaction logs. The InnoDB configuration is read from






2. 直接下载二进制包（linux-generic）
[root@nagios tmp]# ll
total 118312
-rw-r--r--  1 apache apache      243 Oct 12 00:00 downtime.tmp
-rw-r--r--  1 root   root   24325443 Oct 12 09:30 mysql-5.1.59.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x  4 root   root       4096 Sep  3  2013 percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8
-rw-r--r--  1 root   root   50735377 Oct 12 11:21 percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8-587.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--  1 root   root   11241809 Oct 10 15:21 percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 33    497    497     4096 Jul 28 15:04 percona-xtrabackup-2.2.12
-rw-r--r--  1 root   root   34827353 Oct 10 15:20 percona-xtrabackup-2.2.12.tar.gz


[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# tar -xvf percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8-587.tar.gz 


[root@nagios tmp]# cd percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8
[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep  3  2013 bin
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Sep  3  2013 share
[root@nagios percona-xtrabackup-2.0.8]# cd bin
[root@nagios bin]# ll
total 118884
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   113912 Sep  3  2013 innobackupex
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       12 Oct 12 14:08 innobackupex-1.5.1 -> innobackupex
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  2258560 Sep  3  2013 xbstream
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 12557890 Sep  3  2013 xtrabackup
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10667223 Sep  3  2013 xtrabackup_51
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 15720860 Sep  3  2013 xtrabackup_55
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 80404343 Sep  3  2013 xtrabackup_56
[root@nagios bin]# cp * /usr/bin


3. 备份




[root@nagios centreon_status]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root --password=123456 --database=centreon_status  /backup/centreon_status/ > /backup/centreon_status/centreon_status.log 2>&1
[root@nagios centreon_status]# ll
total 44
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root  4096 Oct 13 15:01 2015-10-13_15-01-09
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40852 Oct 13 15:01 centreon_status.log
[root@nagios centreon_status]# cat centreon_status.log
.
.
innobackupex: Backup created in directory '/backup/centreon_status/2015-10-13_15-01-09'
innobackupex: MySQL binlog position: filename 'mysql-bin.000033', position 10324079
151013 15:01:52  innobackupex: completed OK!




4. 恢复
先停止数据库：service mysqld stop
拷贝: [root@nagios centreon_status]# scp -rp 2015-10-13_15-01-09/  192.168.9.235:/backup/centreon_status/
恢复 
innobackupex --user=root --password --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  --apply-log /data/back_data/db/  
--apply-log选项的命令是准备在一个备份上启动mysql服务


[root@testdb1 mysql]# innobackupex --copy-back /backup/centreon_status/2015-10-13_15-01-09/ 
--copy-back 选项的命令从备份目录拷贝数据,索引,日志到my.cnf文   件里规定的初始位置


赋权 chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql/*
重启数据库 service mysqld restart
删除垃圾 cd /var/lib/mysql/  && rm xtrabackup*

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