v$sql_shared_cursor视图记录多版本的信息

What do the reasons given in v$SQL_SHARED_CURSOR mean
If you are unable to use that script then you can select the same information from the base views as illustrated in the examples below.

Lets use the example above and take a look at what SQL we can use to see this in the shared pool.

SCOTT runs select count(*) from emp

I can now run the following to see the PARENT statement and it's hash value and address

select sql_text, hash_value,address from v$sqlarea where sql_text like 'select count(*) from emp%';

SQL_TEXT                 HASH_VALUE    ADDRESS
------------------------ ------------ ----------------
select count(*) from emp 4085390015   0000000386BC2E58

To see the CHILDREN (I expect to see 1 at this point) :-

• Version 9.2.X.X and below :
  
  select * from v$sql_shared_cursor where kglhdpar = '0000000386BC2E58'
• Version 10.0.X.X and above:
  
  select * from v$sql_shared_cursor where address = '0000000386BC2E58'

Output:

ADDRESS          KGLHDPAR         U S O O S L S E B P I S T A B D L T R I I R L I O S M U T N F 
---------------- ---------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 
0000000386BC2D08 0000000386BC2E58 N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N 

We can see we have a single child (ADDRESS 0000000386BC2D08).
The mismatch information (U S O O S L etc) is all N because this is the first child. Now, if I log in as another user and run the same select (select count(*) from emp) and look again I will get the following output:-

ADDRESS          KGLHDPAR         U S O O S L S E B P I S T A B D L T R I I R L I O S M U T N F 
---------------- ---------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 
0000000386BC2D08 0000000386BC2E58 N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N 
0000000386A91AA0 0000000386BC2E58 N N N N N N N N N N N N N Y N N N Y N N N N N N N N N N N N N 

We can now see the 2nd child ( 0000000386A91AA0) and also the reasons why it could not be shared with the first (The 'Y's denote a mismatch). The reasons are:

(1) AUTH_CHECK_MISMATCH and
(2) TRANSLATION_MISMATCH

This is because the objects under my new user do not map to those of SCOTT (the current child). A mismatch occurs because I cannot access SCOTTs objects and translation fails since we have different object_ids for the objects in each of our schemas. 

What do the reasons given in v$SQL_SHARED_CURSOR mean?

Below are the list of reasons as well as some worked examples (Those denoted by ** are the ones most often seen) :-

• UNBOUND_CURSOR

  The existing child cursor was not fully built (in other words, it was not optimized)

• SQL_TYPE_MISMATCH

  The SQL type does not match the existing child cursor

• **OPTIMIZER_MISMATCH

  The optimizer environment does not match the existing child cursor (The optimizer mode has changed and therefore the existing child cannot be re-used).
  For example:
  
  
  select count(*) from emp;      ->> 1 PARENT, 1 CHILD
  alter session set optimizer_mode=ALL_ROWS
  select count(*) from emp;      ->> 1 PARENT, 2 CHILDREN 
   
  
  Note: The behavior applies with the setting of trace events. for example, if I turned on tracing with 10046 than I would get an OPTIMIZER_MISMATCH and another child cursor

• OUTLINE_MISMATCH

  The outlines do not match the existing child cursor. For example, if a user had created stored outlines previously for this command and they were stored in separate categories (say "OUTLINES1" and "OUTLINES2"), if they then executed the following:
  
  alter session set use_stored_outlines = OUTLINES1;
  select count(*) from emp;
  
  alter session set use_stored_oulines= OUTLINES2;
  select count(*) from emp;
  
  The second execution of the select from emp would create another child since the outline used is different than the first run. This child would be marked as an OUTLINE_MISMATCH.

• STATS_ROW_MISMATCH

  The existing statistics do not match the existing child cursor. Check that 10046/sql_trace is not set on all sessions as this can cause this.

• LITERAL_MISMATCH

  Non-data literal values do not match the existing child cursor

• SEC_DEPTH_MISMATCH

  Security level does not match the existing child cursor

• EXPLAIN_PLAN_CURSOR

  The child cursor is an explain plan cursor and should not be shared. Explain plan statements will generate a new child by default - the mismatch will be this.

• BUFFERED_DML_MISMATCH

  Buffered DML does not match the existing child cursor

• PDML_ENV_MISMATCH

  PDML environment does not match the existing child cursor

• INST_DRTLD_MISMATCH

  Insert direct load does not match the existing child cursor

• SLAVE_QC_MISMATCH

  The existing child cursor is a slave cursor and the new one was issued by the coordinator (or, the existing child cursor was issued by the coordinator and the new one is a slave cursor).

• TYPECHECK_MISMATCH

  The existing child cursor is not fully optimized

• AUTH_CHECK_MISMATCH

  Authorization/translation check failed for the existing child cursor
  The user does not have permission to access the object in any previous version of the cursor. A typical example would be where each user has it's own copy of a table

• **BIND_MISMATCH

  The bind metadata does not match the existing child cursor. For example, in the following, the definition of the bind variable 'a' has changed between the 2 statements:
  
  
  variable a varchar2(100);
  select count(*) from emp where ename = :a ->> 1 PARENT, 1 CHILD
  
  variable a varchar2(400);
  select count(*) from emp where ename = :a ->> 1 PARENT, 2 CHILDREN

• DESCRIBE_MISMATCH

  The type-check heap is not present during the describe for the child cursor

• LANGUAGE_MISMATCH

  The language handle does not match the existing child cursor
  

• TRANSLATION_MISMATCH

  The base objects of the existing child cursor do not match.
  The definition of the object does not match any current version. Usually this is indicative of the same issue as "AUTH_CHECK_MISMATCH" where the object is different.

• ROW_LEVEL_SEC_MISMATCH

  The row level security policies do not match

• INSUFF_PRIVS

  Insufficient privileges on objects referenced by the existing child cursor

• INSUFF_PRIVS_REM

  Insufficient privileges on remote objects referenced by the existing child cursor

• REMOTE_TRANS_MISMATCH

  The remote base objects of the existing child cursor do not match. For example:
  USER1:
  
  select count(*) from table@remote_db  
  USER2:
  
  select count(*) from table@remote_db  
  Although the SQL is identical, the dblink pointed to by remote_db may be a private dblink which resolves to a different object altogether

• LOGMINER_SESSION_MISMATCH

• INCOMP_LTRL_MISMATCH

• OVERLAP_TIME_MISMATCH

  Error_on_overlap_time mismatch

• SQL_REDIRECT_MISMATCH

  SQL redirection mismatch

• MV_QUERY_GEN_MISMATCH

  Materialized view query generation

• USER_BIND_PEEK_MISMATCH

  User bind peeking mismatch

• TYPCHK_DEP_MISMATCH

  Cursor has type-check dependencies

• NO_TRIGGER_MISMATCH

  No trigger mismatch

• FLASHBACK_CURSOR

  No cursor sharing for flashback

• ANYDATA_TRANSFORMATION

  Anydata transformation change

• INCOMPLETE_CURSOR

  Incomplete cursor. When bind length is upgradeable (i.e. we found a child cursor that matches everything else except that the bind length is not long enough), we mark the old cursor is not usable and build a new one.  This means the version can be ignored.

• TOP_LEVEL_RPI_CURSOR

  Top level/rpi cursor. In a Parallel Query invocation this is expected behaviour (we purposely do not share)

• DIFFERENT_LONG_LENGTH

  Different long length

• LOGICAL_STANDBY_APPLY

  Logical standby apply mismatch

• DIFF_CALL_DURN

  Different call duration

• BIND_UACS_DIFF

  Bind uacs mismatch

• PLSQL_CMP_SWITCHS_DIFF

  PL/SQL compiler switches mismatch

• CURSOR_PARTS_MISMATCH

  Cursor "parts executed" mismatch

• STB_OBJECT_MISMATCH

  STB object different (now exists). For explanation of STB_OBJECT_MISMATCH, please read following blog: https://blogs.oracle.com/optimizer/entry/my_cursor_wasn_t_shared

• ROW_SHIP_MISMATCH

  Row shipping capability mismatch

• PQ_SLAVE_MISMATCH

  PQ slave mismatch If you encounter this reason code and you are using parallel execution (PX), then check you really want to be using it. This mismatch can be caused by running lots of small SQL statements which do not really need PX. Also, if you are on versions prior to 11g you may be hitting Bug:4367986

• TOP_LEVEL_DDL_MISMATCH

  Top-level DDL cursor

• MULTI_PX_MISMATCH

  Multi-px and slave-compiled cursor

• BIND_PEEKED_PQ_MISMATCH

  Bind-peeked PQ cursor

• MV_REWRITE_MISMATCH

  MV rewrite cursor

• ROLL_INVALID_MISMATCH

  Rolling invalidation window exceeded. This is caused by the rolling invalidation capability in DBMS_STATS. The child cannot be shared as it's invalidation window is exceeded. See:
  
  
  Document 557661.1  Rolling Cursor Invalidations with DBMS_STATS in Oracle10g

• OPTIMIZER_MODE_MISMATCH

  Optimizer mode mismatch

• PX_MISMATCH

  Parallel query execution mismatch. Refer to the following for known issues where this reason is shown:
  
  Document 1629107.1 Common Bugs Associated with PX_MISMATCH
   

• MV_STALEOBJ_MISMATCH

  Materialixed View stale object mismatch

• FLASHBACK_TABLE_MISMATCH

  Flashback table mismatch

• LITREP_COMP_MISMATCH

  Literal replacement compilation mismatch 

New in 11g :

• PLSQL_DEBUG

  Debug mismatch Session has debugging parameter plsql_debug set to true

• LOAD_OPTIMIZER_STATS

  Load optimizer stats for cursor sharing

• ACL_MISMATCH

  Check ACL mismatch

• FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_MISMATCH

  Flashback archive mismatch

• LOCK_USER_SCHEMA_FAILED

  Failed to lock user and schema

• REMOTE_MAPPING_MISMATCH

  Remote mapping mismatch

• LOAD_RUNTIME_HEAP_FAILED

  Runtime heap mismatch

• HASH_MATCH_FAILED

  Hash mismatch. Set to "Y" if sharing fails due to a hash mismatch, such as the case with mismatched histogram data or a range predicate marked as unsafe by literal replacement (See Bug 3461251)

New in 11.2:

• PURGED_CURSOR

  Cursor marked for purging. The cursor has been marked for purging with dbms_shared_pool.purge

• BIND_LENGTH_UPGRADEABLE

  Bind length upgradeable and could not be shared because a bind variable size was smaller than the new value being inserted (marked as BIND_MISMATCH in earlier versions).

• USE_FEEDBACK_STATS

  Cardinality feedback. Cardinality feedback is being used and therefore a new plan could be formed for the current execution.

• BIND_EQUIV_FAILURE

  The bind value's selectivity does not match that used to optimize the existing child cursor. When adaptive cursor sharing is used and the cursor is bind aware, then if the selectivity is outside of the current ranges and a new plan is desirable then a new child is raised with this as the reason code for non-sharing of the previous plan. For an example, see Document 836256.1. After each execution in the example, run:
  select sql_id, address, child_address, child_number, BIND_EQUIV_FAILURE from v$sql_shared_cursor where sql_id='19sxt3v07nzm4';
  ... once the cursor is marked as bind aware and a second plan is seen then the following will be the resultant output:
  SQL_ID        ADDRESS          CHILD_ADDRESS    CHILD_NUMBER B
  ------------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------ -
  19sxt3v07nzm4 000000007A1C0DE0 000000007A1BF980            0 N
  19sxt3v07nzm4 000000007A1C0DE0 000000007A10DDB0            1 Y
  
  
  As can be seen, the new version is created due to BIND_EQUIV_FAILURE

 

There is no longer  ROW_LEVEL_SEC_MISMATCH in 11.2.

Version_rpt script:

The script version_rpt can also be run to produce a summary report of the v$sql_shared_cursor view with additional diagnostic information. The script can be found in:

Document 438755.1 High SQL Version Counts - Script to determine reason(s) 

Running the Script:
Generate reports for all cursors with more than 100 versions using SQL_ID (10g and up):

select b.* from v$sqlarea a ,table(version_rpt(a.sql_id)) b where loaded_versions >=100;

Generate reports for all cursors with more than 100 versions using HASH_VALUE:

select b.* from v$sqlarea a ,table(version_rpt(null,a.hash_value)) b where loaded_versions>=100;

Generate the report for cursor with sql_id cyzznbykb509s:

select * from table(version_rpt('cyzznbykb509s'));

What further tracing is available.

In 10G it is possible to use CURSORTRACE to aid the investigation of why cursors are not being shared. This event should only be used under the guidance of support and the resultant trace file is undocumented. To get the trace for a particular SQL statement you first of all need to get the hash_value (See the above select from v$sqlarea). You then set the trace on using:-  

alter system set events 'immediate trace name cursortrace level 577, address hash_value';

(levels 578-580 can be used for high level tracing (577=level 1, 578=level 2, 580=level 3)

 

This will write a trace file to user_dump_dest each time we try to reuse the cursor.
To turn off tracing use:-

alter system set events
'immediate trace name cursortrace level 2147483648, address 1';

Please note: Bug 5555371 exists in 10.2 (fixed in 10.2.0.4) where cursor trace cannot fully be turned off and single line entries will still be made to the trace file as a result. The w/a is to restart the instance. How invasive this BUG is depends on the executions of the cursor (and the size of the resultant trace file additions)

In 11.2 there is also cursordump:

alter system set events 'immediate trace name cursordump level 16'

 (please ensure system , not session, is used as the level meaning changes)

This dumps some additional information such as expanding on the parameters for 'optimizer_mismatch' issues.

In later versions of the RDBMS there are also enhancements which dump more information as to the actual reason a child cursor could not share (ie the parameter differences). This information can be found in the REASON column of v$sql_shared_cursor and is in XML format. See Bug 16770590 for example.

Are there any times when a high version count is expected even though BINDS are being used?

Consider the following where cursor_sharing=SIMILAR

select /* TEST */ * from emp where sal > 100;
select /* TEST */ * from emp where sal > 101;
select /* TEST */ * from emp where sal > 102;
select /* TEST */ * from emp where sal > 103;
select /* TEST */ * from emp where sal > 104;

SELECT sql_text,version_count,address
FROM V$SQLAREA
WHERE sql_text like 'select /* TEST */%';

SELECT * FROM V$SQL_SHARED_CURSOR WHERE kglhdpar = '&my_addr';

You will see several versions , each with no obvious reason for not being shared

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