擦作系统版本:
[root@rhel5 lib]# uname -a
Linux rhel5 2.6.18-8.el5xen #1 SMP Thu Mar 15 21:02:53 EDT 2007 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
1环境准备
1.1用户准备
--logon as root
mkdir -p /nosql/cassandra
groupadd nosqlg
useradd nosql -g nosqlg
chown -R nosql:nosqlg /nosql/cassandra
chmod -R 755 /nosql/cassandra
passwd nosql
1.2 java准备
使用java version "1.6.0_06" 时报错，参见附录1。
在www.java.com上下载jre1.7：
以nosql用户ftp到/nosql/cassandra
tar -zxvf jre-7u4-linux-i586[1].tar.gz
1.3 修改用户profile
vi .bash_profile
-----------add following lines
JAVA_HOME=/nosql/cassandra/jre1.7.0_04
export JAVA_HOME
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
------------
. ./.bash_profile
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ java -version
java version "1.7.0_04"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_04-b20)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 23.0-b21, mixed mode)
2软件安装、配置
2.1下载软件
从http://cassandra.apache.org/download/下载apache-cassandra-1.0.10-bin.tar.gz
2.2ftp
以nosql用户ftp到/nosql/cassandra
2.3解压文件
--logon as nosql:
[nosql@rhel5]$ cd /nosql/cassandra
[nosql@rhel5 cassandra]$tar -xzf apache-cassandra-1.0.10-bin.tar.gz
[nosql@rhel5 cassandra]$ ls -lrt
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 8 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 15:50 apache-cassandra-1.0.10
[nosql@rhel5 cassandra]$ cd a*
[nosql@rhel5 apache-cassandra-1.0.10]$ ls -lrt
total 192
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 4104 May 5 2012 README.txt
drwxr-xr-x 3 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 5 2012 pylib
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 1378 May 5 2012 NOTICE.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 30376 May 5 2012 NEWS.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 11609 May 5 2012 LICENSE.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 106935 May 5 2012 CHANGES.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 15:50 interface
drwxr-xr-x 3 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 15:50 lib
drwxr-xr-x 4 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 15:50 javadoc
drwxr-xr-x 2 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 15:50 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 16:09 conf
2.4配置cassandra
[nosql@rhel5 apache-cassandra-1.0.10]$ cd conf
[nosql@rhel5 conf]$ ls -lrt
total 48
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 298 May 5 2012 README.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 1228 May 5 2012 log4j-tools.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 1850 May 5 2012 log4j-server.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 21223 May 5 2012 cassandra.yaml
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 1358 May 5 2012 cassandra-topology.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 7653 May 5 2012 cassandra-env.sh
2.4.1配置cassandra.yaml
[nosql@rhel5 conf]$vi cassandra.yaml
----------------------------------------------------------
# directories where Cassandra should store data on disk.
data_file_directories:
- /nosql/cassandra/data
# commit log
commitlog_directory: /nosql/cassandra/commitlog
# saved caches
saved_caches_directory: /nosql/cassandra/saved_caches
cluster_name: 'MyCluster'
# TCP port, for commands and data
storage_port: 7000
# port for Thrift to listen for clients on
rpc_port: 9160
----------------------------------------------------------
说明：设置initial_token:0报错，保留空即可，参见附录2。
2.4.2配置log4j-server.properties
[nosql@rhel5 conf]$ vi log4j-server.properties
----------------------------------------------------------
# Edit the next line to point to your logs directory
log4j.appender.R.File=/nosql/cassandra/system.log
----------------------------------------------------------
2.4.3配置cassandra-env.sh
[nosql@rhel5 conf]$ vi cassandra-env.sh
MAX_HEAP_SIZE根据系统物理内存设置;HEAP_NEWSIZE设置为MAX_HEAP_SIZE/4;这两个参数会自动设置,可以去掉注释指定具体值.
----------------------------------------------------------
MAX_HEAP_SIZE="400M"
HEAP_NEWSIZE="100M"
----------------------------------------------------------
3 启动
[nosql@rhel5 conf]$ cd ../bin
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ls -lrt
total 144
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 1175 May 5 2012 stop-server
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 1672 May 5 2012 sstableloader
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 1780 May 5 2012 sstablekeys
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 1697 May 5 2012 sstable2json
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 1859 May 5 2012 nodetool.bat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 2165 May 5 2012 nodetool
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 1696 May 5 2012 json2sstable
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 974 May 5 2012 cqlshrc.sample
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 71811 May 5 2012 cqlsh
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 1575 May 5 2012 cassandra.in.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 1667 May 5 2012 cassandra-cli
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nosql nosqlg 6440 May 5 2012 cassandra
3.1前端启动
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./cassandra -f
INFO 20:22:32,933 Logging initialized
INFO 20:22:32,943 JVM vendor/version: Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM/1.7.0_04
INFO 20:22:32,943 Heap size: 245366784/245366784
INFO 20:22:32,944 Classpath: ./../conf:./../build/classes/main:./../build/classes/thrift:./../lib/antlr-3.2.jar:./../lib/apache-car
INFO 20:22:32,947 JNA not found. Native methods will be disabled.
INFO 20:22:32,966 Loading settings from file:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/conf/cassandra.yaml
INFO 20:22:33,209 DiskAccessMode 'auto' determined to be standard, indexAccessMode is standard
INFO 20:22:33,227 Global memtable threshold is enabled at 78MB P
INFO 20:22:33,708 Creating new commitlog segment /nosql/cassandra/commitlog/CommitLog-1401020553708.log R
INFO 20:22:33,742 Couldn't detect any schema definitions in local storage. W
INFO 20:22:33,744 Found table data in data directories. Consider using the CLI to define your schema. t
INFO 20:22:33,768 No commitlog files found; skipping replay u
INFO 20:22:33,778 Cassandra version: 1.0.10 7
INFO 20:22:33,778 Thrift API version: 19.20.0 ?
INFO 20:22:33,779 Loading persisted ring state 7
INFO 20:22:33,787 Starting up server gossip ?
INFO 20:22:33,818 Enqueuing flush of Memtable-LocationInfo@12730891(123/153 serialized/live bytes, 3 ops)
INFO 20:22:33,820 Writing Memtable-LocationInfo@12730891(123/153 serialized/live bytes, 3 ops) 7
INFO 20:22:33,874 Completed flushing /nosql/cassandra/data/system/LocationInfo-hd-1-Data.db (231 bytes) 7
INFO 20:22:33,910 Starting Messaging Service on port 7000 7
INFO 20:22:33,923 This node will not auto bootstrap because it is configured to be a seed node. 7
WARN 20:22:33,939 Generated random token 159495876378727078405590336465058029385. Random tokens will result in an unbalanced ring;s7
INFO 20:22:33,944 Enqueuing flush of Memtable-LocationInfo@14427987(53/66 serialized/live bytes, 2 ops) ?
INFO 20:22:33,945 Writing Memtable-LocationInfo@14427987(53/66 serialized/live bytes, 2 ops)
INFO 20:22:33,955 Completed flushing /nosql/cassandra/data/system/LocationInfo-hd-2-Data.db (163 bytes)
INFO 20:22:33,961 Node localhost/127.0.0.1 state jump to normal
INFO 20:22:33,963 Bootstrap/Replace/Move completed! Now serving reads.
INFO 20:22:33,965 Will not load MX4J, mx4j-tools.jar is not in the classpath
INFO 20:22:34,041 Binding thrift service to localhost/127.0.0.1:9160
INFO 20:22:34,049 Using TFastFramedTransport with a max frame. size of 15728640 bytes.
INFO 20:22:34,057 Using synchronous/threadpool thrift server on localhost/127.0.0.1 : 9160
INFO 20:22:34,058 Listening for thrift clients...
INFO 20:23:22,498 Stop listening to thrift clients
INFO 20:23:22,499 Waiting for messaging service to quiesce
INFO 20:23:22,500 MessagingService shutting down server thread.
[nosql@rhel5 cassandra]$ pwd
/nosql/cassandra
[nosql@rhel5 cassandra]$ ls -rlt
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 6 nosql nosqlg 4096 Apr 12 2012 jre1.7.0_04
drwxr-xr-x 8 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 15:50 apache-cassandra-1.0.10
drwxr-xr-x 2 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 20:22 saved_caches
drwxr-xr-x 3 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 20:22 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 nosql nosqlg 4096 May 25 20:22 commitlog
-rw-r--r-- 1 nosql nosqlg 8676 May 25 20:23 system.log
-->自动创建了data,commitlog,saved_caches目录,system.log日志
4.2后台启动
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./cassandra
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ps -ef|grep nosql
nosql 30613 1 1 20:32 pts/2 00:00:02
/nosql/cassandra/jre1.7.0_04/bin/java
-ea
-javaagent:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/jamm-0.2.5.jar
-XX:+UseThreadPriorities
-XX:ThreadPriorityPolicy=42
-Xms240M
-Xmx240M
-Xmn60M
-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
-Xss128k
-XX:+UseParNewGC
-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC
-XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled
-XX:SurvivorRatio=8
-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=1
-XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75
-XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly
-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=7199
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false
-Dlog4j.configuration=log4j-server.properties
-Dlog4j.defaultInitOverride=true
-cp /nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../conf
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../build/classes/main
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../build/classes/thrift
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/antlr-3.2.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/apache-cassandra-1.0.10.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/apache-cassandra-clientutil-1.0.10.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/apache-cassandra-thrift-1.0.10.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/avro-1.4.0-fixes.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/avro-1.4.0-sources-fixes.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/commons-cli-1.1.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/commons-codec-1.2.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/commons-lang-2.4.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/compress-lzf-0.8.4.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/concurrentlinkedhashmap-lru-1.2.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/guava-r08.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/high-scale-lib-1.1.2.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/jackson-core-asl-1.4.0.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.4.0.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/jamm-0.2.5.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/jline-0.9.94.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/json-simple-1.1.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/libthrift-0.6.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/servlet-api-2.5-20081211.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/snakeyaml-1.6.jar
:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/bin/../lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar
org.apache.cassandra.thrift.CassandraDaemon
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./nodetool -h rhel5 ring
Address DC Rack Status State Load Owns Token
127.0.0.1 datacenter1 rack1 Up Normal 11.18 KB 100.00% 159495876378727078405590336465058029385
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./nodetool -h rhel5 info
Token : 159495876378727078405590336465058029385
Gossip active : true
Load : 11.18 KB
Generation No : 1401021139
Uptime (seconds) : 1634
Heap Memory (MB) : 43.25 / 234.00
Data Center : datacenter1
Rack : rack1
Exceptions : 0
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./nodetool -h rhel5 cfstats
Keyspace: system
Read Count: 13
Read Latency: 4.639230769230769 ms.
Write Count: 9
Write Latency: 1.6746666666666667 ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Column Family: NodeIdInfo
SSTable count: 0
Space used (live): 0
Space used (total): 0
Number of Keys (estimate): 0
Memtable Columns Count: 0
Memtable Data Size: 0
Memtable Switch Count: 0
Read Count: 0
Read Latency: NaN ms.
Write Count: 0
Write Latency: NaN ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Postives: 0
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.00000
Bloom Filter Space Used: 0
Key cache capacity: 1
Key cache size: 0
Key cache hit rate: NaN
Row cache: disabled
Compacted row minimum size: 0
Compacted row maximum size: 0
Compacted row mean size: 0
Column Family: Versions
SSTable count: 1
Space used (live): 4715
Space used (total): 4715
Number of Keys (estimate): 128
Memtable Columns Count: 3
Memtable Data Size: 105
Memtable Switch Count: 1
Read Count: 0
Read Latency: NaN ms.
Write Count: 6
Write Latency: 1.585 ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Postives: 0
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.00000
Bloom Filter Space Used: 24
Key cache capacity: 1
Key cache size: 0
Key cache hit rate: NaN
Row cache: disabled
Compacted row minimum size: 73
Compacted row maximum size: 86
Compacted row mean size: 86
Column Family: Schema
SSTable count: 0
Space used (live): 0
Space used (total): 0
Number of Keys (estimate): 0
Memtable Columns Count: 0
Memtable Data Size: 0
Memtable Switch Count: 0
Read Count: 2
Read Latency: 0.098 ms.
Write Count: 0
Write Latency: NaN ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Postives: 0
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.00000
Bloom Filter Space Used: 0
Key cache capacity: 1
Key cache size: 0
Key cache hit rate: NaN
Row cache: disabled
Compacted row minimum size: 0
Compacted row maximum size: 0
Compacted row mean size: 0
Column Family: Migrations
SSTable count: 0
Space used (live): 0
Space used (total): 0
Number of Keys (estimate): 0
Memtable Columns Count: 0
Memtable Data Size: 0
Memtable Switch Count: 0
Read Count: 0
Read Latency: NaN ms.
Write Count: 0
Write Latency: NaN ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Postives: 0
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.00000
Bloom Filter Space Used: 0
Key cache capacity: 1
Key cache size: 0
Key cache hit rate: NaN
Row cache: disabled
Compacted row minimum size: 0
Compacted row maximum size: 0
Compacted row mean size: 0
Column Family: IndexInfo
SSTable count: 0
Space used (live): 0
Space used (total): 0
Number of Keys (estimate): 0
Memtable Columns Count: 0
Memtable Data Size: 0
Memtable Switch Count: 0
Read Count: 0
Read Latency: NaN ms.
Write Count: 0
Write Latency: NaN ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Postives: 0
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.00000
Bloom Filter Space Used: 0
Key cache capacity: 1
Key cache size: 0
Key cache hit rate: NaN
Row cache: disabled
Compacted row minimum size: 0
Compacted row maximum size: 0
Compacted row mean size: 0
Column Family: LocationInfo
SSTable count: 1
Space used (live): 6729
Space used (total): 6729
Number of Keys (estimate): 128
Memtable Columns Count: 0
Memtable Data Size: 0
Memtable Switch Count: 2
Read Count: 11
Read Latency: 5.465 ms.
Write Count: 3
Write Latency: 1.854 ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Postives: 0
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.00000
Bloom Filter Space Used: 1936
Key cache capacity: 1
Key cache size: 1
Key cache hit rate: 0.5714285714285714
Row cache: disabled
Compacted row minimum size: 73
Compacted row maximum size: 179
Compacted row mean size: 130
Column Family: HintsColumnFamily
SSTable count: 0
Space used (live): 0
Space used (total): 0
Number of Keys (estimate): 0
Memtable Columns Count: 0
Memtable Data Size: 0
Memtable Switch Count: 0
Read Count: 0
Read Latency: NaN ms.
Write Count: 0
Write Latency: NaN ms.
Pending Tasks: 0
Bloom Filter False Postives: 0
Bloom Filter False Ratio: 0.00000
Bloom Filter Space Used: 0
Key cache capacity: 1
Key cache size: 0
Key cache hit rate: NaN
Row cache: disabled
Compacted row minimum size: 0
Compacted row maximum size: 0
Compacted row mean size: 0
----------------
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./nodetool -h rhel5 netstats
Mode: NORMAL
Not sending any streams.
Not receiving any streams.
Pool Name Active Pending Completed
Commands n/a 0 0
Responses n/a 0 0
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./nodetool -h rhel5 netstats
Mode: NORMAL
Not sending any streams.
Not receiving any streams.
Pool Name Active Pending Completed
Commands n/a 0 0
Responses n/a 0 0
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./nodetool -h rhel5 version
ReleaseVersion: 1.0.10
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./nodetool -h rhel5 tpstats
Pool Name Active Pending Completed Blocked All time blocked
ReadStage 0 0 0 0 0
RequestResponseStage 0 0 0 0 0
MutationStage 0 0 8 0 0
ReadRepairStage 0 0 0 0 0
ReplicateOnWriteStage 0 0 0 0 0
GossipStage 0 0 0 0 0
AntiEntropyStage 0 0 0 0 0
MigrationStage 0 0 0 0 0
MemtablePostFlusher 0 0 3 0 0
StreamStage 0 0 0 0 0
FlushWriter 0 0 3 0 0
MiscStage 0 0 0 0 0
InternalResponseStage 0 0 0 0 0
HintedHandoff 0 0 0 0 0
Message type Dropped
RANGE_SLICE 0
READ_REPAIR 0
BINARY 0
READ 0
MUTATION 0
REQUEST_RESPONSE 0
附录:
1,要求Java 1.6,但使用如下版本时报错:
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ java -version ;
java version "1.6.0_06" ;
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_06-b02) ;
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 10.0-b22, mixed mode)
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./cassandra -f :
Segmentation fault (core dumped)
2,conf/cassandra.yaml中
initial_token:0
[nosql@rhel5 bin]$ ./cassandra -f
INFO 20:20:12,340 Logging initialized :
INFO 20:20:12,352 JVM vendor/version: Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM/1.7.0_04 K
INFO 20:20:12,352 Heap size: 245366784/245366784 ?
INFO 20:20:12,353 Classpath: ./../conf:./../build/classes/main:./../build/classes/thrift:./../lib/antlr-3.2.jar:./../lib/apache-car1
INFO 20:20:12,356 JNA not found. Native methods will be disabled. 1
INFO 20:20:12,374 Loading settings from file:/nosql/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.0.10/conf/cassandra.yaml ?
ERROR 20:20:12,526 Fatal configuration error error ?
while scanning a simple key
in "", line 22, column 1:
initial_token:0
^
could not found expected ':'
修改为空值时恢复正常
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/18922393/viewspace-731550/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/18922393/viewspace-731550/
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