ORACLE shutdown options

SHUTDOWN NORMAL

Normal is the default shutdown mode. A normal database shutdown proceeds with the following conditions:

•        No new connections can be made.

•        The Oracle server waits for all users to disconnect before completing the shutdown.

•        Database and redo buffers are written to disk.

•        Background processes are terminated and the SGA is removed from memory.

•        The Oracle server closes and dismounts the database before shutting down the instance.

•        The next startup does not require an instance recovery.

    

SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL

A transactional shutdown prevents clients from losing data, including the results from their current activity. A transactional database shutdown proceeds with the following conditions:

•        No client can start a new transaction on this particular instance.

•        A client is disconnected when the client ends the transaction that is in progress.

•        When all transactions have been completed, a shutdown occurs immediately.

•        The next startup does not require an instance recovery.

 

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE

Immediate database shutdown proceeds with the following conditions:

•        Current SQL statements being processed by the Oracle database are not completed.

•        The Oracle server does not wait for the users who are currently connected to the database to disconnect.

•        The Oracle server rolls back active transactions and disconnects all connected users.

•        The Oracle server closes and dismounts the database before shutting down the instance.

•        The next startup does not require an instance recovery.

 

SHUTDOWN ABORT

If the NORMAL and IMMEDIATE shutdown options do not work, you can abort the current database instance. Aborting an instance proceeds with the following conditions:

•        Current SQL statements being processed by the Oracle server are immediately terminated.

•        The Oracle server does not wait for users currently connected to the database to disconnect.

•        Database and redo buffers are not written to disk.

•        Uncommitted transactions are not rolled back.

•        The instance is terminated without closing the files.

•        The database is not closed or dismounted.

•        The next startup requires instance recovery, which occurs automatically.

Note: It is not advisable to back up a database that is in an inconsistent state.

 

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