常用的日期和时间函数包括:
基本函数的使用
如:
mysql> select AddDate(now(),1) ;
+---------------------+
| AddDate(now(),1) |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-20 14:29:18 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)
mysql> select adddate(now(),1) ;
+---------------------+
| adddate(now(),1) |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-20 14:29:24 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select addtime(now(),1) ;
+---------------------+
| addtime(now(),1) |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-19 14:29:33 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select curdate() ;
+------------+
| curdate() |
+------------+
| 2015-10-19 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
创建时间戳格式的字段:
mysql> drop table test_date;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.28 sec)
mysql> create table test_Date(v_date timestamp);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.50 sec)
插入数据:
mysql> insert into test_Date select curtime();
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> insert into test_Date select now();
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> insert into test_Date select curdate();
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.26 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from test_date;
+---------------------+
| v_date |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-19 15:38:29 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:33 |
| 2015-10-19 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查询时间为当天时间的,时间不一致的不匹配,只有当天0时的时间匹配:
mysql> select * from test_Date where v_Date=curDate();
+---------------------+
| v_date |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-19 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查询某一天的数据,可以使用date函数对字段进行限制来实现
mysql> select * from test_Date where date(v_Date)=curDate();
+---------------------+
| v_date |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-19 15:38:29 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:33 |
| 2015-10-19 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
创建索引:
mysql> create index idx_date on test_date(v_date);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.48 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> explain select * from test_date where date(v_date)='2015-10-19' \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: test_date
type: index
possible_keys: NULL
key: idx_date
key_len: 4
ref: NULL
rows: 3
Extra: Using where; Using index
1 row in set (0.05 sec)
mysql> explain select * from test_date where v_date>='2015-10-19' and v_date
15-10-20' \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
select_type: SIMPLE
table: test_date
type: index
possible_keys: idx_date
key: idx_date
key_len: 4
ref: NULL
rows: 3
Extra: Using where; Using index
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在字段v_date上创建索引后,使用date(v_date)作为条件进行查询时无法使用到索引;范围查询时可以用到索引。
查询一段时间的数据:
mysql> insert into test_date select adddate(now(),-10);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from test_date;
+---------------------+
| v_date |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-09 15:47:37 |
| 2015-10-19 00:00:00 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:29 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:33 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test_date where v_date between '2015-10-09' and '2015-10-19';
+---------------------+
| v_date |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-09 15:47:37 |
| 2015-10-19 00:00:00 |
+---------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
(1)使用between and
mysql> select * from test_date where v_date between '2015-10-09' and '2015-10-20';
+---------------------+
| v_date |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-09 15:47:37 |
| 2015-10-19 00:00:00 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:29 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:33 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
(2)拆分日期后查询
mysql> select * from test_date where year(v_date)='2015' and month(v_date)='10'
and day(v_date)>=9 and day(v_date)<=19;
+---------------------+
| v_date |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-09 15:47:37 |
| 2015-10-19 00:00:00 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:29 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:33 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
(3)仅使用运算符
mysql> select * from test_date where v_date>='2015-10-09' and v_date
+---------------------+
| v_date |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-09 15:47:37 |
| 2015-10-19 00:00:00 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:29 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:33 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test_date where v_date>='2015-10-09' and v_date
+---------------------+
| v_date |
+---------------------+
| 2015-10-09 15:47:37 |
| 2015-10-19 00:00:00 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:29 |
| 2015-10-19 15:38:33 |
+---------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ,链接:http://blog.itpub.net/26451536/viewspace-1815029/,如需转载,请注明出处,否则将追究法律责任。
转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/26451536/viewspace-1815029/