How to Change the DBID and the DBNAME by using NID [ID 224266.1]

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-30 09:09:52 发布

cuilian2013

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-30 09:09:52 发布

阅读量64

点赞数

文章标签：数据库

How to Change the DBID and the DBNAME by using NID [ID 224266.1]

Checked for relevance on 16-Feb-2011 Introduction ============ The NID (New Database ID)is a new utility introduced with Oracle 9.2. The NID utility allows you to change only the DBNAME, or only the DBID or both DBNAME and DBID in the same command. 1. If you change the DBID you must open the database with the RESETLOGS option, which re-creates the online redo logs and resets their sequence to 1. 2. If you change the DBNAME without changing the DBID then this does not require you to open with the RESETLOGS option, so database backups and archived logs are not invalidated. You must change the DB_NAME initialization parameter after a database name change to reflect the new name. Also, you may have to re-create the Oracle password file. If you restore an old backup of the control file (before the name change, then you should use the initialization parameter file and password file from before the database name change. Purpose ======= It is useful to troubleshoot from the situation when duplicate database ID's cause errors such as the following. RMAN-20002: target database already registered in recovery catalog Cause: target database is already registered in the recovery catalog Action: If the target database is really registered, there is no need to register it again. Note that the recovery catalog enforces that all databases have a unique DBID. If the new database was created by copying files from an existing database, it will have the same DBID as the original database and cannot be registered in the same recovery catalog. RMAN-20011, 1, "target database incarnation is not current in recovery catalog" RMAN-20009, 1, "database incarnation already registered" -or- SQLPLUS> alter database mount standby database; alter database mount standby database * ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode Restrictions and Usage Notes ============================ The DBNEWID utility has the following restrictions: - The utility is available only on the UNIX and Windows NT operating systems. - The NID executable file should be owned and run by the Oracle owner because it needs direct access to the datafiles and control files. - If another user runs the utility, then set the user ID to the owner of the datafiles and control files. - The DBNEWID utility must access the datafiles of the database directly through a local connection. Although DBNEWID can accept a net service name, it cannot change the DBID of a nonlocal database. - To change the DBID of a database, the database must be mounted and must have been shut down consistently prior to mounting. In the case of an Oracle Real Application Clusters database, the database must be mounted in NOPARALLEL mode. i.e set the init parameter CLUSTER_DATABASE=FALSE and then mount the database - You must open the database with the RESETLOGS option after changing the DBID. - Note that you do not have to open with the RESETLOGS option after changing only the database name. - No other process should be running against the database when DBNEWID is executing. If another session shuts down and starts the database, then DBNEWID aborts. - All online datafiles should be consistent without needing recovery. - Normal offline datafiles should be accessible and writable. If this is not the case, you must drop these files before invoking the DBNEWID utility. - All read-only tablespaces must be accessible and made writable at the operating system level prior to invoking DBNEWID. If these tablespaces cannot be made writable (for example, they are on a CD-ROM), then you must unplug the tablespaces using the transportable tablespace feature and then plug them back in the database before invoking the DBNEWID utility (see the Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide). - You can only specify REVERT when changing only the DBID. Change Only the DBID ==================== 1. Backup the database 2. SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE of the database 3. STARTUP MOUNT 4. Open one session and run NID with sysdba privileges % nid TARGET=SYS/password@test_db 5. Shutdown IMMEDIATE of the database 6. Set the DB_NAME initialization parameter in the initialization parameter file to the new database name 7. Create a new password file 8. Startup of the database with open resetlogs Example: ======== 1. C:\>set ORACLE_SID=TEST1BY C:\>sqlplus "/as sysdba" SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Dec 24 11:16:52 2002 Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup pfile=D:\oracle\admin\TEST1BY\pfile\initTEST1BY.ora ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. 2. check the DBID before change SQL> select dbid,name,open_mode,activation#,created from v$database; DBID NAME OPEN_MODE ACTIVATION# CREATED ---------- --------- ---------- ----------- --------- 1395399949 TEST1BY READ WRITE 1395404134 10-SEP-02 3. SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. 4. SQL> startup mount pfile=D:\oracle\admin\TEST1BY\pfile\initTEST1BY.ora ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes Database mounted. SQL>exit 5. execute NID C:\>nid target=sys/oracle@TEST1BY DBNEWID: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to database TEST1BY (DBID=1395399949) Control Files in database: D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BYCONTROL01.CTL Change database ID of database TEST1BY? (Y/[N]) => y Proceeding with operation Changing database ID from 1395399949 to 1397190693 Control File D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BYCONTROL01.CTL - modified Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\SYSTEM01.DBF - dbid changed Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\UNDOTBS01.DBF - dbid changed Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\DRSYS01.DBF - dbid changed Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\EXAMPLE01.DBF - dbid changed Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\INDX01.DBF - dbid changed Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\TOOLS01.DBF - dbid changed Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\USERS01.DBF - dbid changed Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\XDB01.DBF - dbid changed Control File D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BYCONTROL01.CTL - dbid changed Database ID for database TEST1BY changed to 1397190693. All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable. Shut down database and open with RESETLOGS option. Succesfully changed database ID. DBNEWID - Completed succesfully. 6. SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01109: database not open Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. 7. create the new passwordfile 8. SQL> startup mount pfile=D:\oracle\admin\TEST1BY\pfile\initTEST1BY.ora ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes Database mounted. 9. SQL> alter database open resetlogs; Database altered. 10. check the new DBID SQL> select dbid,name,open_mode,activation#,created from v$database; DBID NAME OPEN_MODE ACTIVATION# CREATED ---------- --------- ---------- ----------- --------- 1397190693 TEST1BY READ WRITE 1397188261 10-SEP-02 NOTE: The NID change the OLD DBID 1395399949 to the NEW DBID 1397190693 Change Only the DBNAME ====================== 1. Backup the database 2. SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE of the database 3. STARTUP MOUNT 4. Open one session and run NID with sysdba privileges % nid TARGET=SYS/password@test_db DBNAME=test_db2 SETNAME=Y - the value of DBNAME is the new dbname of the database - SETNAME must be set to Y. The default is N and causes the DBID to be changed also. 5. shutdown IMMEDIATE of the database 6. Set the DB_NAME initialization parameter in the initialization parameter file to the new database name 7. Create a new password file 8. Startup of the database(without resetlogs) Change Both DBID and DBNAME =========================== 1. Backup of the database. 2. Shutdown IMMEDIATE of the database 3. STARTUP MOUNT 4. Open one session and run NID with sysdba privileges % nid TARGET=SYS/password@test_db DBNAME=test_db2 - the value of DBNAME is the new dbname of the database 5. After DBNEWID successfully changes the DBID,Shutdown IMMEDIATE of the database 6. Set the DB_NAME initialization parameter in the initialization parameter file to the new database name. 7. Create a new password file. 8. Startup of the database with open resetlogs Example: ======== 1. Shutdown the databse SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. 2. Mount the database SQL> startup mount pfile=d:\oracle\admin\test1by\pfile\inittest1by.ora ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes Database mounted. startup mount 3. Run NID utility C:\>nid target=sys/oracle@test1 dbname=test1by logfile=d:\oracle\base_test\nid.log DBNEWID: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Connected to database TEST1 (DBID=849281895) Control Files in database: D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BYCONTROL01.CTL Changing database ID from 849281895 to 1395399949 Changing database name from TEST1 to TEST1BY Control File D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BYCONTROL01.CTL - modified Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\SYSTEM01.DBF - dbid changed, wrote new name Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\UNDOTBS01.DBF - dbid changed, wrote new name Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\DRSYS01.DBF - dbid changed, wrote new name Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\EXAMPLE01.DBF - dbid changed, wrote new name Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\INDX01.DBF - dbid changed, wrote new name Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\TOOLS01.DBF - dbid changed, wrote new name Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\USERS01.DBF - dbid changed, wrote new name Datafile D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BY\XDB01.DBF - dbid changed, wrote new name Control File D:\ORACLE\BASE_TEST\TEST1BYCONTROL01.CTL - dbid changed, wrote new name Database name changed to TEST1BY. Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting. Database ID for database TEST1BY changed to 1395399949. All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable. Shut down database and open with RESETLOGS option. Succesfully changed database name and ID. DBNEWID - Completed succesfully. 4. Shutdown immediate of the database 5. Modfiy the file init.ora of the database change the parameter BD_NAME=TEST1 TO DBNAME=TEST1BY 6. create a new password file Usage: orapwd file= password= entries= where file - name of password file (mand), password - password for SYS (mand), entries - maximum number of distinct DBA and OPERs (opt), 7. mount the database SQL> startup mount pfile=d:\oracle\admin\test1by\pfile\inittest1by.ora ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes Database mounted. 8. Open the databse with RESETLOGS SQL> alter database open resetlogs; Database altered. 9. check the dictionary view for the new DBID and DBNAME select dbid, name, open_mode, activation#, created from v$database; Other Useful Information ======================== Except the parameters like LOGFILE=, APPEND, HELP, there is a specific option REVERT which allows us to go back on the steps of executing. If the value of REVERT is YES that means that a failed change of DBID should be reverted but a successfully completed change of DBID cannot be reverted. REVERT=YES is only valid when a DBID change failed. Default value is NO. In 10.2 and higher the database may automatically shut down after a change. Do not be alarmed if this occurs. Documentation ============= Oracle9i Database Utilities Release 2 (9.2)