数据库恢复从ora-01152错误开始一路问题解决过程

做一个数据库的恢复，客户指定恢复7月1日的，查看了集中备份里的刚好最早的备份是7月1日，而后一次备份是7月18日。
照常恢复控制文件，然后restore database，recover database;

期间没有相应的文件系统，建了文件系统，后来空间不够叫sa增加了空间。
                                                                                                           

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. #mkdir /oradata
2. #mklv -t jfs2 -y lv_oradata datavg 1022G
3. #crfs -v jfs2 -d lv_oradata -A yes -m
4. #mount /oradata
5. #df -g

    
restore database结束，进行recover database 提示 
RMAN-06025 no backup of log thread 1 seq 40438 lowscn 5480793347 found to restore

alter database open resetlogs 提示
ora-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup

这是无论怎么起都提示以上错误，其实解决很简单
这是可以将   40438日志取下来做recover，但很不巧该日志丢失了；


于是想到了修改隐含参数 _allow_resetlogs_corruption，跳过一致性检测。
于是：
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                  
alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;

alter database open resetlogs;
（PS:这期间因redo日志路径的问题出现错误，于是进行清除redo，然后重建）                                                                                                 ）
alter database open;

数据库直接关闭，alert 日志提示以下内容：                               

1. Wed Aug 19 09:12:50 BEIST 2015
2. ORA-01555 caused by SQL statement below (SQL ID: 4krwuz0ctqxdt, SCN: 0x0001.46b0aa96):
3. Wed Aug 19 09:12:50 BEIST 2015
4. select ctime, mtime, stime from obj$ where obj# = :1
5. Wed Aug 19 09:12:50 BEIST 2015
6. Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/products/10205/rdbms/log/gessdb_ora_13959238.trc:
7. ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
8. ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
9. ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
10. ORA-01555: snapshot too old: rollback segment number 6 with name "_SYSSMU6$" too small
11. Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
12. USER: terminating instance due to error 704
13. Instance terminated by USER, pid = 13959238
14. ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN..

数据库启动时   执行    select ctime, mtime, stime from obj$ where obj# = :1 导致快照太旧；因而在bootstrap进程失败，于是通过了oradebug 推进scn的方法来解决;
以下博客有相应实验过程：                                                
http://www.killdb.com/2014/06/19/数据库open报错ora-01555-snapshot-too-old.html

oradebug 过程：

1. SQL> oradebug setmypid
   
2. Statement processed.
   
3. SQL>
   
4. SQL> oradebug dumpvar sga kcsgscn_kcslff
   
5. ORA-00079: variable kcsgscn_kcslf not found
   
6. SQL> oradebug 0x700000010012650 4 0x146BFECD3
   
7. ORA-00070: command 0x700000010012650 is not valid
   
8. SQL> oradebug dumpvar sga kcsgscn_
   
9. kcslf kcsgscn_ [700000010012650, 700000010012680) = 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 07000000 ...
   
10. SQL> oradebug poke 0x700000010012650 4 0x146BFECD3
    
11. BEFORE: [700000010012650, 700000010012654) = 00000000
    
12. AFTER: [700000010012650, 700000010012654) = 46BFECD3
    
13. SQL>
    
14. SQL>

 oradebug addr length value   value是推进后的scn;
  这里简单解释一下，4 为长度，0x146BFECD3是16进制，我在原来的v$datafile_header.checkpoint_change#的基础之上
加上上1000000得到该值。                  
其实执行alter database open；
数据库报错，alert 日志如下：
ora-600       [2252], [60627],错误应该是由于推进了scn导致时间不对导致，此时可以重启数据库。
                                                                                                                                           

1. ARC1 started with pid=21, OS id=9437196
2. Wed Aug 19 09:55:54 BEIST 2015
3. Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/products/10205/rdbms/log/gessdb_lgwr_12583110.trc:
4. ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2252], [60627], [1], [], [], [], [], []
5. Wed Aug 19 09:55:55 BEIST 2015
6. Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/products/10205/rdbms/log/gessdb_lgwr_12583110.trc:
7. ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2252], [60627], [1], [], [], [], [], []
8. Wed Aug 19 09:55:55 BEIST 2015
9. LGWR: terminating instance due to error 470
10. Instance terminated by LGWR, pid = 125831

于是我再重启数据库，alert 日志报了以下内容                  

1. Wed Aug 19 09:59:18 BEIST 2015
   
2. Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/products/10205/rdbms/log/gessdb_ora_12582916.trc:
   
3. ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
   
4. ORA-39700: database must be opened with UPGRADE option
   
5. Wed Aug 19 09:59:18 BEIST 2015
   
6. Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
   
7. USER: terminating instance due to error 704
   
8. Instance terminated by USER, pid = 12582916
   
9. ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open...

此时报 ORA - 39700数据库需以upgrade 启动。于是已upgrade 做了升级。                              

1. shutdown immediate
   
2. startup upgrade
   
3. 
   
4. @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql
   
5. @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
   
6. @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
   
7. @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

shutdown immediate

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1224736768 bytes
Fixed Size                  2096032 bytes
Variable Size             335545440 bytes
Database Buffers          872415232 bytes
Redo Buffers               14680064 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.


将  _allow_resetlogs_corruption改为false。                 
alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=false  scope=spfile;
shutdown immediate
SQL> startup

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