实习日志第27天---2_Day_DBA部分-CSDN博客

Common Oracle DBA Tasks
■ Installing Oracle software
■ Creating Oracle databases
■ Performing upgrades of the database and software to new release levels
■ Starting up and shutting down the database
■ Managing the storage structures of the database
■ Managing users and security
■ Managing database objects, such as tables, indexes, and views
■ Backing up the database and performing recovery operations when necessary
■ Monitoring the state of the database and taking preventive or corrective action as required
■ Monitoring and tuning database performance
■ Diagnosing and reporting critical errors to Oracle Support Services

Tools for Administering the Database
Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)
Oracle Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) 建库
Database Upgrade Assistant
Net Configuration Assistant (NETCA)
Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control (Database Control)

Installing Oracle Database and Creating a Database
To install your Oracle Database software, use Oracle Universal Installer (OUI).
During the installation process, you are given the opportunity to create a database. If you choose to do so, OUI automatically starts Oracle Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) to guide you through the process of creating and configuring a database.
Checking Prerequisites
在安装前，OUI会自动进行检查是否满足安装要求，如果设备不满足需求，则会报错
安装需求和电脑操作系统有关，大体的原则包括：
■ There is a minimum of 512 MB (Microsoft Windows or Linux) or 1 GB (UNIX and other operating systems) of physical memory.   内存
■ Sufficient paging space is available.   空间足够
■ The appropriate service packs or patches for your operating system are installed.
系统包和补丁
■ An appropriate file system format is being used.     适合的文件系统格式

Installation Choices
考虑几个问题：
Basic Installation
1.What database product do you want to install?
2. Do you want to create a database in addition to installing the Oracle Database software?
如果要建库，考虑数据库的用途：
– General Purpose
– Transaction Processing
– Data Warehouse
3. What are your database configuration options?
These options include ①your global database name and system identifier (SID), ②whether or not you want the Sample Schemas installed, and ③the passwords for the administrative accounts.
SID是区分不同数据库实例的标识符
global database name是区分不同数据库的标识符
Advanced Installation
1.Install the sample schemas?
2.What kind of storage mechanism do you want your database to use?
– File System (default option)
– Automatic Storage Management
This option enables you to define a pool of storage (called a disk group) in which Oracle Database automatically manages database file placement and naming
– Raw Devices
3.What are your database management options?
central management / local management (default)
Installing Oracle Database Software
过程见2Day DBA---25页
Oracle Home and Oracle Base Location—By default, the Oracle home directory is a subdirectory of the Oracle base directory.
Create Starter Database—Select this option to create a preconfigured database during installation.
You must enter a Global Database Name and Database Password for the SYS, SYSTEM, SYSMAN, and DBSNMP administrator accounts.
For first time installations on Linux and UNIX operating systems only, specify a directory for installation files and the name of an operating system group that has write permissions for that directory. （You must specify a local for the inventory, which OUI uses to keep track of all Oracle software installed on the computer.）用于存放跟踪记录安装的过程
(Optional) Click Password Management to unlock user accounts to make the accounts accessible to users.
For Linux and UNIX operating systems only, run the specified scripts, then click OK.
The End of Installation window displays one or more important URLs, including one for the Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control console. （The URL and port information for Database Control can be found after installation in the Oracle_home/install/portlist.ini file.）