Instance_name和db_name-CSDN博客

--设置SID就是设置实例名，这里为了演示特意将实例命名为abc，数据库命名为cba

[oracle@win7 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=abc
[oracle@win7 ~]$ ls $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/
[oracle@win7 ~]$ echo db_name=cba >$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initabc.ora
[oracle@win7 ~]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initabc.ora
db_name=cba
[oracle@win7 ~]$ set |grep SID
ORACLE_SID=abc
[oracle@win7 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue May 27 13:04:19 2014

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS>startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 217157632 bytes
Fixed Size                  2211928 bytes
Variable Size             159387560 bytes
Database Buffers           50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                5226496 bytes
SYS>select instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
abc //注意这里是小写

SYS>create database;

Database created.

SYS>select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
abc OPEN

SYS>select name from v$database;

NAME
---------
CBA //这是数据库名字，虽然和实例名不一样，但数据库仍然创建成功，说明实例名和数据库名字是两回事

====================================================
--现在看看将实例名修改为ABC，验证实例名区分大小写

[oracle@win7 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=ABC
[oracle@win7 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue May 27 13:10:02 2014

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS>startup nomount
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initABC.ora'

--提示找不到参数文件，实际上已经说明实例名区分大小写
--因为initabc.ora文件之前已经创建过

[oracle@win7 ~]$ ls $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init*.ora
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initabc.ora

--现在创建新实例的参数文件，数据库名字仍然指定为cba

[oracle@win7 ~]$ echo db_name=cba >$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initABC.ora
[oracle@win7 ~]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initABC.ora
db_name=cba

SYS>startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
ABC STARTED //注意这里是大写

SYS>create database;

Database created.

SYS>select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
ABC OPEN

SYS>select name from v$database;

NAME
---------
CBA //数据库名字不变

=========================================
--在两个实例同时打开的时候，从后台进程的名字上也能看出，这是两个实例

[oracle@win7 ~]$ ps -ef|grep ora_
oracle   13197     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_ABC
oracle   13199     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_vktm_ABC
oracle   13203     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_ABC
oracle   13205     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_ABC
oracle   13207     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_ABC
oracle   13209     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_ABC
oracle   13211     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_dia0_ABC
oracle   13213     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_ABC
oracle   13215     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_ABC
oracle   13217     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_ABC
oracle   13219     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_ABC
oracle   13221     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_ABC
oracle   13223     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_ABC
oracle   13225     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_ABC
oracle   13227     1 0 13:16 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_ABC
oracle   13272     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_abc
oracle   13274     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_vktm_abc
oracle   13278     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_gen0_abc
oracle   13280     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_diag_abc
oracle   13282     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbrm_abc
oracle   13284     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_abc
oracle   13286     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_dia0_abc
oracle   13288     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_abc
oracle   13290     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_abc
oracle   13292     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_abc
oracle   13294     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_abc
oracle   13296     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_abc
oracle   13298     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_abc
oracle   13300     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_abc
oracle   13302     1 0 13:17 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_abc

==========================================
--实例名不同，默认创建的文件名也不同

[oracle@win7 ~]$ ls $ORACLE_HOME/dbs|grep abc
cntrlabc.dbf
dbs1abc.dbf
dbu1abc.dbf
dbx1abc.dbf
hc_abc.dat
initabc.ora
log1abc.dbf
log2abc.dbf
[oracle@win7 ~]$ ls $ORACLE_HOME/dbs|grep ABC
cntrlABC.dbf
dbs1ABC.dbf
dbu1ABC.dbf
dbx1ABC.dbf
hc_ABC.dat
initABC.ora
log1ABC.dbf
log2ABC.dbf