Redhat 5 Oracle 10g RAC 安装步骤

一、 操作系统

1、 1、安装操作系统

2、 2、安装必须包

3、 3、设置IP

检查设置的IP

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig

如果没有设置，按以下步骤设置：

设置即时IP

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0 200.100.100.12 netmask 255.255.255.0

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth1 10.0.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0

设置永久IP

[root@localhost network-scripts]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

[root@localhost network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-eth0

4、 设置Hosts

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts

5、 设置网关

用#netstat –rn检查Public网卡的网关设置

用#route命令设置网关

[root@node2 rpm]# route add -net 200.100.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 200.100.100.100

默认网关的设置通过修改vi /etc/sysconfig/network文件

6、 关闭防火墙

一定要关闭防火墙，否则安装CRS会抱错。

7、 调整系统参数

（1） 调整 /etc/sysctl.conf

增加以下项

kernel.shmmni = 4096

fs.file-max = 65536

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default=4194304

net.core.rmem_max=4194304

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_max=262144

[root@localhost sysconfig]# cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf-bak

[root@localhost sysconfig]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

运行#sysctl –p命令使

参数立即生效：

（2） 调整 /etc/security/limits.conf

在文件中增加以下内容：

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

[root@localhost etc]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

（3） 调整 /etc/selinux/config

此参数安装时如果指定，不需要调整

SELINUX=disabled

#vi /etc/selinux/config

（4） 调整 /etc/pam.d/login

在文件中增加以下内容：

# Customer parameters

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

[root@localhost pam.d]# vi /etc/pam.d/login

（5） 调整 /etc/modprobe.conf

增加以下内容

# customer parameter

options hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180

[root@localhost ~]#modprobe -v hangcheck-timer

insmod /lib/modules/2.6.18-8.el5xen/kernel/drivers/char/hangcheck-timer.ko hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180

（6） 修改版本号

因为默认rhel5.1不支持10.2,0.1,所以要修改一些参数

编辑/etc/redhat-release文件替换现在的版本信息（Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5 (Tikanga）)

redhat-4

（7） 修改安装环境为英文

[root@localhost sysconfig]# cp /etc/sysconfig/i18n /etc/sysconfig/i18n-bak

[root@localhost sysconfig]# vi /etc/sysconfig/i18n

改为以下内容

LANG="en_US"
LANGUAGE="en_US"
SUPPORTED="zh_CN.GB18030:zh_CN:zh:en_US.UTF-8:en_US:en"
SYSFONT="lat0-sun16"
SYSFONTACM="8859-15"

备注：如修改中文乱码提示，可按以下修改，但最终Oracle安装前要改为英文环境。

[root@localhost sysconfig]# vi i18n

LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"

LANGUAGE="zh_CN.UTF-8:zh_CN.GB18030:zh_CN.GB2312:zh_CN"

SUPPORTED="zh_CN.UTF-8:zh_CN.GB18030:zh_CN:zh:en_US.UTF-8:en_US:en"

SYSFONT="lat0-sun16"

export LC_ALL="zh_CN.GB18030"

LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"

（8） 同步node2

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/hosts node2:/etc/.

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/hosts node2:/etc/.

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/sysctl.conf node2:/etc/.

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/security/limits.conf node2:/etc/security/.

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/selinux/config node2:/etc/selinux/.

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/pam.d/login node2:/etc/pam.d/.

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/modprobe.conf node2:/etc/.

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/redhat-release node2:/etc/.

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/sysconfig/i18n node2:/etc/sysconfig/.

[root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p

[root@localhost ~]# scp /etc/modprobe.conf node2:/etc/.

[root@localhost ~]# modprobe -v hangcheck-timer

二、 Oracle环境

1、 创建用户组和用户

[root@localhost home]# groupadd oinstall -g 201

[root@localhost home]# groupadd dba -g 202

[root@localhost home]# groupadd oper -g 203

[root@localhost home]# useradd oracle -u 200 -g oinstall -G dba,oper

[root@localhost home]# passwd oracle

[root@localhost home]# mkdir -p /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs

[root@localhost home]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

[root@localhost home]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

[root@localhost sysconfig]# id oracle

2、 配置环境变量

在Redhat-5版本下进行如下配置

[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=LKL; export ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/crs/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

这是以前在Redhat-4版本下进行的配置

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_SID=lkl

export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/10gR2/db

export ORA_CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/10gR2/crs

export ORA_ASM_HOME=${ORACLE_BASE}/10gR2/asm

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:$ORA_ASM_HOME/bin:.

同步node2

3、 创建SSH注册

[root@localhost .ssh]# su - oracle

[oracle@localhost ~]$ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t rsa

[oracle@localhost ~]$ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsa

[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd .ssh

[oracle@localhost ~]$ ssh node1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[oracle@localhost ~]$ ssh node1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[oracle@localhost ~]$ ssh node2 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[oracle@localhost ~]$ ssh node2 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[oracle@localhost .ssh]$ scp /home/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys node2:/home/oracle/.ssh/.

验证：

[oracle@localhost .ssh]$ ssh node1.date

[oracle@localhost .ssh]$ ssh node2 date

[oracle@localhost .ssh]$ ssh node1.lkl.com date

[oracle@localhost .ssh]$ ssh node2.lkl.com date

[oracle@localhost .ssh]$ ssh node1-priv date

[oracle@localhost .ssh]$ ssh node1-priv.lkl.com date

[oracle@localhost .ssh]$ ssh node2-priv date

[oracle@localhost .ssh]$ ssh node2-priv.lkl.com date

三、 共享存储

1、 分区

基本命令：#fdisk –l

#fdisk /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda doesn't contain a valid partition table

上面显示有两个设备C0d0本地磁盘 146.7G

Sda为磁盘阵列 1599.9G 尚未分区为磁盘

分区规划

OraData 1000G

CRS OCR 300M

第一个分区1024000M ORADATA

第二个分区：300M CRS

第三个分区：300M OCR

如果分区被重复安装，asm分区可能会找不到，执行以下命令清除磁盘头：

Dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda1 bs=1024 count=4

2、 配置共享存储

修改文件/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

添加以下内容：

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda3", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

KERNEL=="raw1",OWNER=="oracle",GROUP=="oinstall",MODE=="0600"

KERNEL=="raw2",OWNER=="oracle",GROUP=="oinstall",MODE=="0600"

KERNEL=="raw3",OWNER=="oracle",GROUP=="oinstall",MODE=="0600"

同步node2

[root@localhost rules.d]# scp 60-raw.rules node2:/etc/udev/rules.d/.

重启操作系统reboot

重启后/dev/raw就看到了

3、 其他分区例子

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/cciss/c0d0: 146.7 GB, 146778685440 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 17844 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 14 17844 143227507+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sda: 1599.9 GB, 1599999983616 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 194522 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 194522.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 1599.9 GB, 1599999983616 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 194522 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

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