[20181109]12cR2 的pre_page_sga参数.txt

[20181109]12cR2 的pre_page_sga参数.txt


--//12CR2改变了参数pre_page_sga设置为True.设置为true有好处也有缺点.

--//先看看官方的定义:

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e40402/initparams201.htm#REFRN10174


PRE_PAGE_SGA determines whether Oracle reads the entire SGA into memory at instance startup. Operating system page table

entries are then prebuilt for each page of the SGA. This setting can increase the amount of time necessary for instance

startup, but it is likely to decrease the amount of time necessary for Oracle to reach its full performance capacity

after startup.


Note:


This setting does not prevent your operating system from paging or swapping the SGA after it is initially read into

memory.


PRE_PAGE_SGA can increase the process startup duration, because every process that starts must access every page in the

SGA. The cost of this strategy is fixed; however, you might simply determine that 20,000 pages must be touched every

time a process starts. This approach can be useful with some applications, but not with all applications. Overhead can

be significant if your system frequently creates and destroys processes by, for example, continually logging on and

logging off.


The advantage that PRE_PAGE_SGA can afford depends on page size. For example, if the SGA is 80 MB in size and the page

size is 4 KB, then 20,000 pages must be touched to refresh the SGA (80,000/4 = 20,000).


If the system permits you to set a 4 MB page size, then only 20 pages must be touched to refresh the SGA (80,000/4,000 =

20). The page size is operating system-specific and generally cannot be changed. Some operating systems, however, have a

special implementation for shared memory whereby you can change the page size.


--//可以发现使用PRE_PAGE_SGA=true,仅仅在启动是读整个SGA进入内存,如果你设置很大,现在的服务器内存上几百G很正常,启动就慢很多,

--//但是能很快达到最佳性能.但是它并不能避免交换使用.

--//如果你仔细读后面的信息,可以发现PRE_PAGE_SGA=true的情况设置使用hugepages非常必要.

--//这也是我为什么强调安装oracle必须配置hugepags作为必要的步骤,现在许多安装人员基本不做,而业务开展以后要改也带来不必要的

--//麻烦,毕竟要停业务.


1.环境:

SQL> select BANNER_FULL from v$version;

BANNER_FULL

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production

Version 18.3.0.0.0

--//办公环境没有12c,那18c来说明问题一样的.


SQL> show pdbs

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED

------ -------- ---------- ----------

     2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY  NO

     3 ORCL     READ WRITE NO


SQL> show parameter pre_page_sga

NAME          TYPE        VALUE

------------- ----------- ------------------------------

pre_page_sga  boolean     TRUE


SQL> show spparameter pre_page_sga

SID      NAME                          TYPE        VALUE

-------- ----------------------------- ----------- ----------------------------

*        pre_page_sga                  boolean


--//参数pre_page_sga没有写入spfile参数文件,12CR2以上缺省设置为True.oracle 之所以这样设置主要考虑PDB的原因(我个人人为)


2.看看内存使用情况:

# cat /proc/meminfo | grep -i page

AnonPages:       2973340 kB

PageTables:       803364 kB

AnonHugePages:         0 kB

HugePages_Total:       0

HugePages_Free:        0

HugePages_Rsvd:        0

HugePages_Surp:        0

Hugepagesize:       2048 kB

--//页面表消耗800M.


# ps -ef | grep orclcd[b]|wc

     85     684    5753

--//仅仅85个进程.


# top -u oracle

--//按F,移动到RES列,选择s,改变排序模式.这样按照RES排序.

top - 08:58:20 up 70 days,  5:06,  3 users,  load average: 1.02, 1.04, 1.05

Tasks: 541 total,   1 running, 540 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie

%Cpu(s):  0.2 us,  0.1 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.7 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st

KiB Mem : 65709508 total,  8128052 free,  6214192 used, 51367264 buff/cache

KiB Swap: 16773116 total, 16773116 free,        0 used. 30169176 avail Mem


  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND

12970 oracle    20   0   29.2g  11.3g  11.2g S   0.0 18.0  12:10.07 ora_dbw0_orclcd

14369 oracle    20   0   29.2g   3.2g   3.1g S   0.0  5.1   3:24.60 ora_w00b_orclcd

13094 oracle    20   0   29.3g   3.0g   2.9g S   0.0  4.7   4:29.54 ora_w003_orclcd

14420 oracle    20   0   29.2g   2.6g   2.5g S   0.0  4.1   4:17.85 ora_w00f_orclcd

13065 oracle    20   0   29.2g   2.2g   2.2g S   0.0  3.6  20:24.95 ora_p002_orclcd

13067 oracle    20   0   29.2g   2.2g   2.1g S   0.0  3.5  21:26.00 ora_p003_orclcd

14333 oracle    20   0   29.2g   2.1g   2.0g S   0.0  3.3   2:26.60 ora_w005_orclcd

14342 oracle    20   0   29.2g   2.1g   2.0g S   0.0  3.3   2:27.30 ora_w007_orclcd

14365 oracle    20   0   29.2g   2.0g   1.9g S   0.0  3.2   2:28.03 ora_w00a_orclcd

14415 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.9g   1.8g S   0.0  3.0   2:12.27 ora_w00e_orclcd

12986 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.9g   1.8g S   0.0  3.0   2:56.72 ora_w000_orclcd

13308 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.8g   1.8g S   0.0  2.9 110:41.60 ora_cjq0_orclcd

13061 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.8g   1.7g S   0.0  2.8  24:00.66 ora_p000_orclcd

14360 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.8g   1.7g S   0.0  2.8   2:16.13 ora_w009_orclcd

13063 oracle    20   0   29.3g   1.7g   1.6g S   0.0  2.7  23:02.60 ora_p001_orclcd

14410 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.6g   1.5g S   0.0  2.5   1:45.68 ora_w00d_orclcd

14337 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.6g   1.5g S   0.0  2.5   2:59.62 ora_w006_orclcd

12948 oracle    20   0   29.1g   1.5g   1.5g S   0.0  2.4   1:33.42 ora_mman_orclcd

13051 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.4g   1.4g S   0.0  2.2  30:11.14 ora_imco_orclcd

14403 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.3g   1.2g S   0.0  2.0   2:07.15 ora_w00c_orclcd

13000 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.2g   1.2g S   0.0  2.0  25:06.94 ora_mmon_orclcd

13073 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.1g   1.0g S   0.0  1.7   5:34.12 ora_p006_orclcd

13075 oracle    20   0   29.1g   1.1g   1.0g S   0.0  1.7   5:35.03 ora_p007_orclcd

13099 oracle    20   0   29.2g   1.0g   1.0g S   0.0  1.6   1:24.58 ora_w004_orclcd

...


--//你可以发现一些oracle相关进程RES占用很大的内存.

--//贴一个我们生产系统(exadata的情况): pre_page_sga=false.

#  cat /proc/meminfo | grep -i page

AnonPages:      22546648 kB

PageTables:      1593420 kB

HugePages_Total:   78600

HugePages_Free:     3961

HugePages_Rsvd:     3954

HugePages_Surp:        0

Hugepagesize:       2048 kB

--//页面表仅仅消耗1.6G.


#  ps -ef | grep -i oracled[b]|wc

   3648   32832  266538

--//3648个进程.


top - 09:04:59 up 1429 days,  6:40,  1 user,  load average: 4.18, 3.99, 3.64

Tasks: 3963 total,   4 running, 3959 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie

Cpu(s): 20.7%us,  5.6%sy,  0.0%ni, 73.1%id,  0.0%wa,  0.0%hi,  0.6%si,  0.0%st

Mem:  264235388k total, 244039764k used, 20195624k free,  9676076k buffers

Swap: 25165820k total,        0k used, 25165820k free, 33019892k cached


   PID   PPID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  RUSER     UID GROUP    TTY       P SWAP   TIME CODE DATA nFLT nDRT WCHAN     Flags    COMMAND

112340  12166 oracle    20   0  951m 499m  12m S  0.0  0.2   1348:50 oracle   1001 oinstall ?        20 451m  22,28   36 857m    0    0 futex_wai ..4.2... /u01/app/oracle/product/agent12c/core/12.1.0.4.0/jdk/bin/java -Xmx223M -XX:MaxPerm

 25209      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 121m  21m S  0.0  0.0  39:38.45 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        23  76g  39:38 185m 6076    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc9_dbcn1

 24016      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 112m  17m S  0.9  0.0  28805:22 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         3  75g 480,05 185m 3564    4    0 poll_sche ..4.2... ora_dia0_dbcn1

 25199      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 110m  21m S  0.0  0.0  39:52.84 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        23  76g  39:52 185m 6168    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc4_dbcn1

 25203      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 110m  21m S  0.0  0.0  39:15.27 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        23  76g  39:15 185m 6140    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc6_dbcn1

 25201      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 110m  21m S  0.0  0.0  78:29.38 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        12  76g  78:29 185m 5372    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc5_dbcn1

 25205      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 109m  21m S  0.0  0.0  40:12.35 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         9  76g  40:12 185m 6152    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc7_dbcn1

 25207      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 109m  21m S  0.0  0.0  40:05.73 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        20  76g  40:05 185m 6120    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc8_dbcn1

 25197      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 109m  21m S  0.0  0.0  40:26.04 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        23  76g  40:26 185m 6120    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc3_dbcn1

 25191      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 108m  21m S  0.0  0.0  38:48.21 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         3  76g  38:48 185m 6096    8    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc0_dbcn1

 25193      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 108m  21m S  0.0  0.0  39:19.44 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         6  76g  39:19 185m 6068    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc1_dbcn1

 28227      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 107m  20m S  0.0  0.0  27:07.26 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        19  76g  27:07 185m 5112    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc7_dben1

 28225      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 105m  20m S  0.0  0.0  27:03.77 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         5  75g  27:03 185m 4988    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc6_dben1

 28213      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 104m  20m S  0.0  0.0  27:05.39 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         9  76g  27:05 185m 4984    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc0_dben1

 28229      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g 100m  21m S  0.0  0.0  27:14.12 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        17  76g  27:14 185m 4992    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc8_dben1

 28221      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g  98m  21m S  0.0  0.0  27:20.46 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         3  76g  27:20 185m 5060    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc4_dben1

 28231      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g  96m  20m S  0.0  0.0  27:05.01 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         9  76g  27:05 185m 4992    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc9_dben1

 28223      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g  94m  21m S  0.0  0.0  27:03.38 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        19  76g  27:03 185m 4960    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc5_dben1

 80614      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g  93m  20m S  0.0  0.0   9:43.50 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         5  76g   9:43 185m 4988    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc2_dben1

 27568      1 oracle    -2   0 76.1g  88m  17m S  0.6  0.0   3825:00 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        18  75g  63,45 185m 3732    0    0 poll_sche ..4.2... ora_lms1_dben1

 27564      1 oracle    -2   0 76.1g  88m  17m S  0.6  0.0   3781:02 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         0  75g  63,01 185m 3732    0    0 poll_sche ..4.2... ora_lms0_dben1

 24037      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g  86m  19m S  0.0  0.0   1252:39 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        22  75g  20,52 185m  52m    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_dbw0_dbcn1

 25171      1 oracle    20   0 76.0g  85m  27m S  0.0  0.0   2295:56 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         1  75g  38,15 185m 4644    1    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_rsm0_dbcn1

 24041      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g  85m  18m S  0.0  0.0   1157:28 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        22  75g  19,17 185m  52m    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_dbw2_dbcn1

 24039      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g  83m  18m S  0.0  0.0   1173:16 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         0  75g  19,33 185m  51m    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_dbw1_dbcn1

 28215      1 oracle    20   0 76.1g  83m  19m S  0.0  0.0  70:07.81 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?        23  75g  70:07 185m 4172    0    0 semtimedo ..4.2... ora_arc1_dben1

 27557      1 oracle    20   0 76.0g  80m  17m S  2.8  0.0  23005:17 oracle   1001 asmadmin ?         3  75g 383,25 185m 3564    0    0 poll_sche ..4.2... ora_dia0_dben1


--//不知道为什么这个版本的swap显示这么大.实际上应该是0.


3.难道11g下有bug还是一些问题.我在测试重新测试看看.我以前看到不是这样的情况:

SYS@book> @ ver1

PORT_STRING                    VERSION        BANNER

------------------------------ -------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx            11.2.0.4.0     Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production


SYS@book> create pfile='/tmp/@.ora' from spfile;

File created.


--//修改/tmp/book.ora文件,修改加入如下:

*.use_large_pages=false

*.pre_page_sga=true


SYS@book> startup pfile='/tmp/book.ora;

ORACLE instance started.


Total System Global Area  643084288 bytes

Fixed Size                  2255872 bytes

Variable Size             205521920 bytes

Database Buffers          427819008 bytes

Redo Buffers                7487488 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

--//忘记输入结尾的引号,竟然也能通过.


SYS@book> show parameter pre_page_sga

NAME         TYPE    VALUE

------------ ------- -------

pre_page_sga boolean TRUE


$ cat /proc/meminfo  | grep HugePages

AnonHugePages:         0 kB

HugePages_Total:     104

HugePages_Free:      104

HugePages_Rsvd:        0

HugePages_Surp:        0

--//可以发现HugePages_Total=HugePages_Free.表明没有使用hugepages.


SYS@book> show sga

Total System Global Area  643084288 bytes

Fixed Size                  2255872 bytes

Variable Size             205521920 bytes

Database Buffers          427819008 bytes

Redo Buffers                7487488 bytes


# top -u oracle

--//按照res排序.

top - 09:22:00 up 1065 days, 45 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.18, 0.14, 0.10

Tasks: 245 total,   1 running, 244 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie

Cpu(s):  0.0%us,  0.1%sy,  0.0%ni, 99.9%id,  0.0%wa,  0.0%hi,  0.0%si,  0.0%st

Mem:  132261196k total, 80358708k used, 51902488k free,  2489960k buffers

Swap: 31455264k total,     2292k used, 31452972k free, 72454796k cached


  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND

22305 oracle    20   0  884m 645m 618m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.39 ora_arc0_book

22303 oracle    20   0  859m 639m 634m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.82 oraclebook (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

22291 oracle    20   0  859m 638m 632m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.66 ora_mmon_book

22323 oracle    20   0  858m 634m 628m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.40 ora_cjq0_book

22283 oracle    20   0  868m 628m 625m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.20 ora_lgwr_book

22277 oracle    20   0  860m 626m 618m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.17 ora_dbw0_book

22279 oracle    20   0  859m 625m 617m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.28 ora_dbw1_book

22281 oracle    20   0  859m 625m 617m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.26 ora_dbw2_book

22287 oracle    20   0  854m 625m 622m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.30 ora_smon_book

22289 oracle    20   0  855m 625m 622m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.27 ora_reco_book

22271 oracle    20   0  854m 624m 622m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.30 ora_dbrm_book

22307 oracle    20   0  876m 621m 618m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.23 ora_arc1_book

22259 oracle    20   0  855m 621m 619m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.49 ora_pmon_book

22293 oracle    20   0  854m 621m 618m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.37 ora_mmnl_book

22285 oracle    20   0  854m 620m 618m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.35 ora_ckpt_book

22273 oracle    20   0  854m 620m 617m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.31 ora_dia0_book

22275 oracle    20   0  853m 619m 617m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.25 ora_mman_book

22295 oracle    20   0  859m 619m 617m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.22 ora_d000_book

22261 oracle    20   0  853m 619m 617m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.20 ora_psp0_book

22269 oracle    20   0  853m 619m 617m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.24 ora_diag_book

22263 oracle    -2   0  853m 619m 617m S  1.8  0.5   0:03.61 ora_vktm_book

22267 oracle    20   0  853m 619m 617m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.24 ora_gen0_book

22297 oracle    20   0  854m 618m 616m S  0.0  0.5   0:00.15 ora_s000_book

--//可以发现RES消耗很大的内存.

这样页面表消耗如下:


$ cat /proc/meminfo  | grep -i page

AnonPages:        228148 kB

PageTables:        39968 kB

AnonHugePages:         0 kB

HugePages_Total:     104

HugePages_Free:      104

HugePages_Rsvd:        0

HugePages_Surp:        0

Hugepagesize:       2048 kB


--//重新启动看看:

SYS@book> show parameter pre_page_sga

NAME         TYPE    VALUE

------------ ------- ------

pre_page_sga boolean FALSE


$ cat /proc/meminfo  | grep -i page

AnonPages:        201812 kB

PageTables:        12536 kB

AnonHugePages:         0 kB

HugePages_Total:     309

HugePages_Free:       98

HugePages_Rsvd:       98

HugePages_Surp:      205

Hugepagesize:       2048 kB


--//pre_page_sga=false,使用hugepages.


top - 09:31:30 up 1065 days, 54 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.12, 0.10, 0.09

Tasks: 243 total,   1 running, 242 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie

Cpu(s):  0.0%us,  0.0%sy,  0.0%ni, 99.9%id,  0.0%wa,  0.0%hi,  0.0%si,  0.0%st

Mem:  132261196k total, 80083584k used, 52177612k free,  2489960k buffers

Swap: 31455264k total,     2292k used, 31452972k free, 71826716k cached


  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND

 5459 oracle    20   0 69752  48m  716 S  0.3  0.0  19:08.01 tmux new-session -s oracle -n bashsqlplus -d

22431 oracle    20   0  859m  34m  29m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.60 oraclebook (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))

22417 oracle    20   0  859m  33m  28m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.47 ora_mmon_book

22451 oracle    20   0  858m  28m  23m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.19 ora_cjq0_book

22403 oracle    20   0  860m  22m  13m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.03 ora_dbw0_book

22405 oracle    20   0  859m  21m  13m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 ora_dbw1_book

22407 oracle    20   0  859m  21m  13m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 ora_dbw2_book

22413 oracle    20   0  854m  21m  18m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.06 ora_smon_book

22415 oracle    20   0  855m  20m  18m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 ora_reco_book

22397 oracle    20   0  854m  20m  17m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 ora_dbrm_book

22385 oracle    20   0  855m  17m  14m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.03 ora_pmon_book

22419 oracle    20   0  854m  16m  13m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.06 ora_mmnl_book

22409 oracle    20   0  868m  16m  14m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.04 ora_lgwr_book

22411 oracle    20   0  854m  16m  14m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.04 ora_ckpt_book

22435 oracle    20   0  876m  16m  13m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 ora_arc1_book

22399 oracle    20   0  854m  16m  13m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.08 ora_dia0_book

22433 oracle    20   0  876m  16m  13m S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 ora_arc0_book


--//RES仅仅20-30M上下.


总之:

我个人建议安装oracle,设置使用hugepages作为必要的步骤.设置pre_page_sga=true的情况下,更加必要.


来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ,链接:http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2219324/,如需转载,请注明出处,否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2219324/

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