CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME和备份的关系

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B12037_01/server.101/b10755/initparams027.htm

CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME  specifies the minimum number of days before a reusable record in the control file can be reused. In the event a new record needs to be added to a reusable section and the oldest record has not aged enough, the record section expands. If this parameter is set to 0, then reusable sections never expand, and records are reused as needed.

Relation between RMAN retention period and control_file_record_keep_time (文档 ID 397269.1)

In this Document

Purpose

Scope

Details

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APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 8.1.7.0 and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.

PURPOSE

Guideline to set CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME in relation to the RETENTION POLICY

SCOPE

All DBA's using RMAN as Backup & Recovery tool

DETAILS

RMAN backup keeps the backup metadata information in the reusable section of the controlfile. It depends on the parameter CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME. CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME specifies the minimum number of days before a reusable record in the control file can be reused. In the event a new record needs to be added to a reusable section and there is not enough space then it will delete the oldest record, which are aged enough. 

Backup retention policy is the rule to set regarding which backups must be retained (whether on disk or other backup media) to meet the recovery and other requirements. 

If the CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME is less than the retention policy then it may overwrite reusable records prior to obsoleting them in the RMAN metadata. Therefor it is recommended that the CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME should set to a higher value than the retention policy. 

Formula 

CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME = retention period + level 0 backup interval + 1 

For e.g. 

e.q. level 0 backup once a week with retention policy of a recovery windows of 14 days then in this case the CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME should be 14+7+1=22

说明：


CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME管的是控制文件里保留的 备份集信息和归档信息。
keep time的设置并不会导致备份集或者归档日志被清理。
keeptime 就像是一辆火车，火车沿着时间轴一直往前开，路边的树就像是归档日志和备份集，火车车尾路过的树在火车上（控制文件里）就看不到了，但是树还是在的。
为了让火车能够更多的看到树，那就必须加长火车的长度，也就是增加keep time的值。

如果火车车尾开过了，还想看到以前的数，就需要人为干预了，也就是 catalog 重新读相关备份和归档信息到控制文件里。


e.q. level 0 backup once a week with retention policy of a recovery windows of 14 days then in this case the CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME should be 14+7+1=22
这个例子的理解是 如果rman show all看到的备份策略保留时间是14天，每7天做一次备份，那在极限情况下，为了符合备份恢复策略，需要保留的完整0级备份不是2份，应该是3份。

同样针对保留策略是份数而不是时间的情况下，keeptime的值只要超过保留份数的最早时间就可以。

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