Install RAC 10g on RHEL4 usinng VMware

简单说一下，单node，全部使用raw disk，没有用ocfs和asmlib

Hardware Environment

 

Model: Dell Latitude D630

CPU: Core 2 Duo T7250 2 GHz

Memeory: 2GB

Free disk space: 50GB

Software Environment

 

VMware Server 1.06

Daemon410-x86

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 AS (kernel 2.6.9-34)

Oracle 10gR2 clusterware

Oracle 10gR2 database

 

Architecture

Install 1^st Guest OS (RHEL4)

 

● VM configuration

VM name: node1

Memory 1024MB

 

When you adding hard disk, you must select advancedà choose SCSI1:0, 1, 2, 3...à Independent, check the persistent. You can uncheck the “Allocate all disk now”, avoiding useless disk space occupation. But you can check it for voting disk and ocr because they are small and very important.

Note: Since we should configure the share storage-ASM, we must choose a different bus number from the local disk. For example, we use SCSI0 as local disk, so we use another bus SCSI1 as our share storage.

HD   (SCSI 0:0) RHEL4        15.0 GB

HD2 (SCSI 1:0) ocr1               0.2 GB Independent- persistent

HD3 (SCSI 1:1) ocr2               0.2 GB Independent- persistent

HD4 (SCSI 1:2) votingdisk1    0.2 GB Independent- persistent

HD5 (SCSI 1:3) votingdisk2    0.2 GB Independent- persistent

HD6 (SCSI 1:4) votingdisk3    0.2 GB Independent- persistent

HD7 (SCSI 1:5) datadg1          2.0 GB Independent- persistent

HD8 (SCSI 1:6) datadg2          2.0 GB Independent- persistent (SCSI1:7 is SCSI controller)

HD9 (SCSI 1:8) redodg1          0.5 GB Independent- persistent

HD10(SCSI 1:9) redodg2         0.5 GB Independent- persistent

HD11(SCSI 1:10) flashdg1       0.5 GB Independent- persistent

HD12(SCSI 1:11) flashdg2       0.5 GB Independent- persistent

 

Ethernet:   Bridged

Ethernet2: Host-only

 

CD-ROM: Using the daemon drive Y:

 

Open the E:\Virtual Machines\node1\RHEL4.vmx with notepad and add the bold lines as following:

config.version = "8"

virtualHW.version = "4"

scsi0.present = "TRUE"

scsi0.virtualDev = "lsilogic"

memsize = "1024"

scsi0:0.present = "TRUE"

scsi0:0.fileName = "RHEL4.vmdk"

ide1:0.present = "TRUE"

ide1:0.fileName = "Y:"

ide1:0.deviceType = "cdrom-raw"

floppy0.present = "FALSE"

Ethernet0.present = "TRUE"

displayName = "node1"

guestOS = "rhel4"

priority.grabbed = "normal"

priority.ungrabbed = "normal"

 

disk.locking = "FALSE"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"

#Add the following lines at the end of file

scsi1:0.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:5.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:6.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:8.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:9.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:10.deviceType = "disk"

scsi1:11.deviceType = "disk"

 

 

● Install RHEL4

Language: English (USA)

Disk partition: local disk only (do not configure the share storage)

/boot: 200MB                    ext3

swap: 1800MB                  swap

/:        all else space           ext3

 

eth0: 192.168.10.101, 255.255.255.0      public IP

eth1: 10.10.10.101,       255.255.255.0     private IP

Gateway and DNS:  192.168.10.26 (host windows’s IP)

Hostname: rac01

 

root’s  PW:

 

Software packages: custom (check all packages except some useless component, e.g. graphic development, entertainment, sound etc.)

 

● Install VMware tools for time sync

After the Linux is up, click the VMware server consoleà VM à Install VMware tools, then a VMware tools icon will be displayed in the Linux desktop, double click and run the VMware-Tools-xxxxx.i386.rpm, and click continue. Right click at desktop; open a terminal and input “vmware-config-tools.pl”, select 800*600 as resolution. Then input “vmware-toolbox”, check the “Time synchronization between the virtual machine and the host operating system”.

vi /boot/grub/grub.conf

Add the bold words after “quiet” in the same line:

kernel  /vmlinuz-2.6.9-34.EL  ro  root=LABEL=/  rhgb  quiet clock=pit nosmp noapic nolapic

Reboot and input “date” to check whether the time is same as windows time.

 

If you still find that time is not synchronized, open c:\Documents and Setting\All Users\Application Data\Vmware\Vmware server\config.ini, and add:

host.cpuKHz="2000000"  àyour CPU speed(2.0G here)

host.noTSC="TRUE"

ptsc.noTSC="TRUE"

 

Install 2^nd Guest OS (RHEL4) unused this time

 

Most of the step is same as the 1^st node. Only list the difference here:

VM name: node2

 

eth0: 192.168.10.102, 255.255.255.0   public IP

eth1: 10.10.10.102,   255.255.255.0     private IP

Gateway and DNS:  192.168.10.2

Hostname: rac02

 

root’s  PW:

 

Pre-installation of Oracle 10g

 

● Verify the package

“rpm –q binutils compat-db control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common \ gnome-libs libsstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver”

All of the packages are installed.

 

● Change the /etc/hosts

Add the bold lines:

vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1            localhost.localdomain  localhost

#Public IP

192.168.10.101  rac01
192.168.10.102  rac02
#Virtual IP
192.168.10.10  rac01-vip
192.168.10.20  rac02-vip
#Private IP
10.10.10.101      rac01-priv
10.10.10.102      rac02-priv

● Create the Oracle Groups and User Account

[root@node1 ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@node1 ~]# groupadd dba
[root@node1 ~]# useradd -d /home/oracle -g oinstall -G dba oracle

[root@node1 ~]# passwd oracle

password is “”

[root@node1 ~]# id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=502(oinstall) groups=502(oinstall),503(dba)

The user ID and group ID must be the same on all nodes. So add user ID at node2 as following:

[root@node2 ~]# groupadd –g 502 oinstall

[root@node2 ~]# groupadd –g 503 dba

[root@node2 ~]# useradd –d /home/oracle –u 501  -g oinstall –G dba oracle

 

● Modify the init parameter file of oracle user

[root@node1 ~]# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
Add as following:

#ORACLE Settings

export TMP=/tmp

export TEMP=$TMP
export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=pcard1
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export ORACLE_CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/crs_home

export CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_CRS_HOME

export NLS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/X11R6/lib/
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
#ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
umask 022

[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /oracle
[root@node1 ~]# chown oracle.oinstall /oracle

Modify the kernel parameter
[root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 658576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

Change the limits of oracle user

[root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
Add:
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

[root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
Add:
session    required     /lib/security/pam_limits.so

Create Shared Disks

[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

The red bold characters are those need to input.
Command (m for help): n

Command (m for help): p

1

Enter

Enter

Command (m for help): w

Repeat above steps (sdc,sdd,sde…). Once all the disks are portioned, the result can be seen by the following command:

ls /dev sd*

/dev/sda   /dev/sdb   /dev/sdd   /dev/sdf   /dev/sdh   /dev/sdj   /dev/sdl

/dev/sda1  /dev/sdb1  /dev/sdd1  /dev/sdf1  /dev/sdh1  /dev/sdj1  /dev/sdl1

/dev/sda2  /dev/sdc   /dev/sde   /dev/sdg   /dev/sdi   /dev/sdk

/dev/sda3  /dev/sdc1  /dev/sde1  /dev/sdg1  /dev/sdi1  /dev/sdk1

 

Edit /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices, add the following lines:

vi /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices

 

/dev/raw/raw1         /dev/sdb1

/dev/raw/raw2         /dev/sdc1

/dev/raw/raw3        /dev/sdd1

/dev/raw/raw4        /dev/sde1

/dev/raw/raw5       /dev/sdf1

/dev/raw/raw6      /dev/sdg1

/dev/raw/raw7      /dev/sdh1

/dev/raw/raw8      /dev/sdi1

/dev/raw/raw9      /dev/sdj1

/dev/raw/raw10     /dev/sdk1

/dev/raw/raw11     /dev/sdl1

 

Restart the rawdevices service using the following command.

service rawdevices restart

 

Modify the default setting:

chkconfig rawdevices on

 

Run the following commands and add them the /etc/rc.local file.

 

chown root:oinstall /dev/raw/raw1

chown root:oinstall /dev/raw/raw2

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw3

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw4

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw5

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw6

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw7

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw8

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw9

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw10

chown oracle:oinstall /dev/raw/raw11

chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw1

chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw2

chmod 644 /dev/raw/raw3

chmod 644 /dev/raw/raw4

chmod 644 /dev/raw/raw5

chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw6

chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw7

chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw8

chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw9

chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw10

chmod 660 /dev/raw/raw11

 

(the rule is: ocr 660 root

       vote 644 oracle

       asm  660 oracle)

 

Configure SSH for user equivalence

 

login as “oracle” user:

[root@rac01 ~]# su – oracle

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ mkdir ~/.ssh

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ chmod 700 ~/.ssh

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

79:3d:2b:99:c4:19:36:fd:ef:82:21:14:04:3a:a2:86 oracle@rac01

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa

Generating public/private dsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa):

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.

Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

33:d9:2a:e2:63:8c:95:f1:e9:78:da:31:e0:e2:79:a4 oracle@rac01

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

 

If there is another node, we should copy the keys to the other node so that we can ssh to the remote node without being prompted for a password. That means we should the same steps (generate keys and copy to another node) at the node2.

 

Test ssh in every node:

ssh rac01 date

ssh rac01-priv date

Install Oracle 10g Clusterware

 

run the following as root:

[root@rac01 ~]$ xhost +

Note: If you meet any xhost error, you should execute this command as root.

 

[root@rac01 ~]$ su – oracle

 

Pre-verification:

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ /media/cdrom/cluvfy/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rac01 -verbose

Error “Could not find a suitable set of interfaces for VIPs.” can be ignored.

 

Install the Clusterware:

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ /media/cdrom/runInstaller

 

Destination:

Name: crs

Path: oracle/crs_home

 

Languages: Add Japanese

 

Specify network interface usage:

eth0: public IP     192.168.10.101    rac01

eth1: private IP    10.10.10.101        rac01-priv

Specify OCR location:

OCR: /dev/raw/raw1

Mirror: /dev/raw/raw2

 

Specify Voting disk:

Voting disk  Location: /dev/raw/raw3

Voting disk 1 Location: /dev/raw/raw4

Voting disk 2 Location: /dev/raw/raw5

 

In the end of installation, OUI requires you to run the below scripts as root:

[root@rac01 ~]$ /oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

[root@rac01 ~]$ /oracle/crs_home/root.sh

 

Run vipca as root:

 [root@rac01 ~]$ cd /oracle/crs_home/bin

[root@rac01 ~]$./vipca

Enter the vip “rac01-vip”, then 192.168.10.10 will be inputted automatically. Click finish.

 

Click OK in OUI of Clusterware Installation. Clusterware’s installation is finished.

 

When you find vip issues, edit this file $CRS_HOME/bin/racgvip

# set it to 0 for checkIf() to return success if default gateway is not found,

# otherwise set it to 1

FAIL_WHEN_DEFAULTGW_NOT_FOUND=0

Because crs PING the default gateway several minutes automatically, so the vip will become OFFLINE if it cannot reach the gateway which doesn’t exists actually (we set 192.168.10.2).

Install Oracle 10g Database with ASM

 

[root@rac01 ~]$ su – oracle

 

Install the Database:

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ /media/cdrom/runInstaller

 

Installation Type: Enterprise    Product Languages: Add Japanese

Name: OraDB_Install

Path: /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

 

Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks: You can ignore Checking Network Configuration requirements here, because we use static IP not DHCP.

 

ASM’s SYS password:

 

You can make any data group here, because we will delete the data group and recreate new ones later.

Once the installation is completed, wait while the configuration assistants run. Execute the " /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh " as root on all nodes (Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: /usr/local/bin), and then click the "OK" button.

 

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> drop diskgroup DATA including contents;

SQL> create diskgroup DATADG

normal redundancy

failgroup fgroup1 disk

'/dev/raw/raw6' name DATADG_ASM_1

failgroup fgroup2 disk

'/dev/raw/raw7' name DATADG_ASM_2;

 

create diskgroup REDODG

normal redundancy

failgroup fgroup1 disk

'/dev/raw/raw8' name REDODG_ASM_1

failgroup fgroup2 disk

'/dev/raw/raw9' name REDODG_ASM_2;

 

create diskgroup FLASHDG

normal redundancy

failgroup fgroup1 disk

'/dev/raw/raw10' name FLASHDG_ASM_1

failgroup fgroup2 disk

'/dev/raw/raw11' name FLASHDG_ASM_2;

 

After configuration, query the state of disk group.

SQL> set line 120

col path for a15

col dg_name for a10

select dg.name dg_name,dg.state dg_stat,d.name d_name,d.path,d.state d_stat  from v$asm_diskgroup         dg,v$asm_disk d where dg.group_number=d.group_number;

 

NAME       DG_STAT     D_NAME               PATH            D_STAT

---------- ----------- -------------------- --------------- --------

DATADG     MOUNTED     DATADG_ASM_1         /dev/raw/raw6   NORMAL

DATADG     MOUNTED     DATADG_ASM_2         /dev/raw/raw7   NORMAL

REDODG     MOUNTED     REDODG_ASM_1         /dev/raw/raw8   NORMAL

REDODG     MOUNTED     REDODG_ASM_2         /dev/raw/raw9   NORMAL

FLASHDG    MOUNTED     FLASHDG_ASM_1        /dev/raw/raw10  NORMAL

FLASHDG    MOUNTED     FLASHDG_ASM_2        /dev/raw/raw11  NORMAL

 

If any diskgroup is unmount, use “alter

diskgroup XXXDG mount” to mount it.

 

Upgrade to 10.2.0.3

 

[oracle@rac01 FTP]$ srvctl stop asm -n rac01

[oracle@rac01 FTP]$ srvctl stop nodeapps -n rac01

[oracle@rac01 FTP]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora....01.lsnr application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora.rac01.gsd  application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora.rac01.ons  application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

ora.rac01.vip  application    OFFLINE   OFFLINE

 

Upgrade Clusterware:

[oracle@rac01 FTP]$ / FTP/Disk1/runInstaller        (Need to execute “xhost +” as root at first)

At Specify Home Details, select Name: crs

Run as root:

[root@rac01 oracle]# /oracle/crs_home/bin/crsctl stop crs

[root@rac01 oracle]# /oracle/crs_home/install/root102.sh

 

Upgrade Database:

[oracle@rac01 FTP]$ / FTP/Disk1/runInstaller        (Need to execute “xhost +” as root at first)

At Specify Home Details, select Name: OraDB_Install

Run as root:

[root@rac01 FTP]# /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh

 

[oracle @rac01 FTP]# srvctl start nodeapps -n rac01

[oracle @rac01 FTP]# srvctl start asm -n rac01

[oracle@rac01 FTP]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host

------------------------------------------------------------

ora....SM1.asm application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac01

ora....01.lsnr application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac01

ora.rac01.gsd  application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac01

ora.rac01.ons  application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac01

ora.rac01.vip  application    ONLINE    ONLINE    rac01

 

Create a Database with DBCA

 

Pre-Database creation check:

cd /cdrom/clusterware/cluvfy

$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre dbcfg -n rac01,rac02 -d /oracle/product/10.2.0

login to RAC01 as the oracle user and start the Database Configuration Assistant.

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ dbca

 

On the "Welcome" screen, select the "Oracle Real Application Clusters database" option and click the "Next" button.

Select the "Custom Database" option and click the "Next" button.

 

Global Database Name: pcard

SID prefix: pcard

Password: nhy67ujm

Select ASM as storage management.

 

Use Oracle-Managed Files: +DATADG

Flash Recovery Area: +FLASHDG

                SIZE: 512MB

Enable Archiving: Edit Archive Mode Para: PCARD_%t_%r_%S.arc

Archive Log Destinations: +FLASHDG/PCARD/arch

It is necessary to create directory at first (+FLASHDG/PCARD/arch) to avoid some errors during the database starting procedure.

 

SGA: 300MB

PGA: 100MB

Character Set: JA16SJISTILDE

National Character Set: AL16UTF16

 

Click All Init Parameters:

Edit the control files: +REDODG/{db_name}/control01.ctl, +FLASHDG/{db_name}/control02.ctl, and then check it.

 

Change the parameter file location:

SQL> create pfile='/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/backup.ora' from spfile;

SQL> create spfile='+FLASHDG/pcard/spfilepcard.ora' from pfile='/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/backup.ora';

SQL> host vi /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initpcard1.ora

SPFILE='+FLASHDG/pcard/spfilepcard.ora', save and exit

SQL> shutdown immediate

Remove the original spfile in ASM.

ASMCMD> pwd

+/DATADG/pcard

ASMCMD> rm spfilepcard.ora

SQL> startup pfile='/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initpcard1.ora'

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string      +FLASHDG/pcard/spfilepcard.ora

 

Check the Status of the RAC

There are several ways to check the status of the RAC. The srvctl utility shows the current configuration and status of the RAC database.

$ srvctl config database -d pcard

$ srvctl status database -d pcard

Instance pcard1 is running on node rac01

 

Configure RAC database do not start automatically when OS starts

$ srvctl modify database -d RACB -y MANUAL

srvctl modify database -d -y AUTOMATIC|MANUAL

 

The V$ACTIVE_INSTANCES view can also display the current status of the instances.

$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> SELECT * FROM v$active_instances;

 

INST_NUMBER INST_NAME

----------- ---------------

          1 rac01:pcard1

 

Finally, the GV$ allow you to display global information for the whole RAC.

SQL> SELECT inst_id, username, sid, serial# FROM gv$session WHERE username IS NOT NULL;

 

   INST_ID USERNAME                              SID    SERIAL#

---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------

         1 SYS                                   128          2

         1 SYS                                   129          2

         1 SYS                                   130          1

         1 SYS                                   132       4078

         1 SYS                                   133          6

Create RMAN Catalog

 

Prepare the RMAN catalog DB creation script. at first. Upload  it to /oracle/admin/RMANUAT/scripts/

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ ./RMANUAT.sh

Input the password of SYS and SYSTEM: rman

 

Configure RMAN DB auto startup when Linux starts:

login as root, add this entry in the /etc/oratab:

RMANUAT:/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:N

[oracle@rac01]$ su – oracle

[oracle@rac01 scripts]$vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart

Find ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER, and edit like this:

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

[oracle@rac01 scripts]$vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut

Find ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER, and edit like this:

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

[oracle@rac01 scripts]$su

[root @rac01]$ cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/
[root@rac01 init.d]$ vi rmandb
#!/bin/bash

# chkconfig 345 99 10
# description: Startup Script. for Oracle Databases
export ORACLE_SID=RMANUAT
export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
case "$1" in
start)
su oracle -c $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart
touch /var/lock/oracle
echo "OK"
;;
stop)
echo -n "Shutdown Oracle: "
su oracle -c $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut
rm -f /var/lock/oracle
echo "OK"
;;
*)
echo "Usage: 'basename $0' start|stop"
exit 1
esac
exit 0

 

[root@rac01 init.d]$ chkconfig –add rmandb

[root@rac01 init.d]$ chkconfig –list rmandb

 

Register the pcard database to rman catalog:

[oracle@rac01 scripts]$ export ORACLE_SID=RMANUAT

[oracle@rac01 scripts]$ sqlplus / as sysdba;

SQL> CREATE USER RMANUSR IDENTIFIED BY rman DEFAULT TABLESPACE RMANUATUSR_DAT;

SQL> GRANT connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner TO RMANUSR;

[oracle@rac01 scripts]$ rman catalog rmanusr/rman

RMAN> create catalog tablespace RMANUATUSR_DAT;

RMAN> connect target sys/nhy67ujm@pcard1;

RMAN> register database;

RMAN> report schema;

List of Permanent Datafiles

===========================

File Size(MB) Tablespace           RB segs Datafile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------

1    480      SYSTEM               YES     +DATADG/pcard/datafile/system.259.663797429

2    200      UNDOTBS1             YES     +DATADG/pcard/datafile/undotbs1.260.663797479

3    260      SYSAUX               NO      +DATADG/pcard/datafile/sysaux.261.663797495

4    5        USERS                NO      +DATADG/pcard/datafile/users.263.663797539

 

List of Temporary Files

=======================

File Size(MB) Tablespace           Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------

1    29       TEMP                 32767       +DATADG/pcard/tempfile/temp.262.663797505

Uninstall RAC

1.  shutdown DB instance, ASM, OCR
2.  /etc/init.d/init.crs disable

 /etc/init.d/init.crs stop

3.  Edit /etc/inittab, remove CRSD,EVMD, CSSD entries
4.  reboot
5.  rm -fr All directories and files about oracle under /etc (oracle, oraInst.loc, oratab)
6.  rm -fr /etc/init.d/init.crs, init.crsd, init.evmd, init.cssd, /etc/rc0.d/K96init.crs, /etc/rc1.d/K96init.crs, /etc/rc2.d/K96init.crs, /etc/rc3.d/S96init.crs, /etc/rc4.d/K96init.crs, /etc/rc5.d/S96init.crs, /etc/rc6.d/K96init.crs
7.  cd /oracle

 rm -fr *

8.  # OCR and Vote Disk

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw1 bs=4096 count=128

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw2 bs=4096 count=128

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw3 bs=4096 count=128

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw4 bs=4096 count=128

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw5 bs=4096 count=128

 

# ASM disks

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw6 bs=8192 count=128

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw7 bs=8192 count=128

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw8 bs=8192 count=128

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw9 bs=8192 count=128

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw10 bs=8192 count=128

dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/raw/raw11 bs=8192 count=128

Create Physical Standby Database and Switchover

 

RAC01 side:

rman target sys/nhy67ujm@pcard1 catalog=RMANUSR/rman@RMANUAT

mkdir -p /oracle /backup/hotbackup

RMAN> run{

allocate channel d1 type disk;

backup format '/oracle/backup/hotbackup/df_t%t_s%s_p%p' database;

backup current controlfile for standby format

'/oracle/backup/hotbackup/sb_t%t_s%s_p%p';

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup format '/oracle/backup/hotbackup/al_t%t_s%s_p%p' archivelog all;

release channel d1;

}

Standby side:

mkdir -p /oracle/backup/hotbackup

cd /oracle/backup/hotbackup

sftp oracle@rac01:/oracle/backup/hotbackup/

Use “get” command to copy all backup files in this directory.

 

Create standby db directory

mkdir -p /oracle/admin/pcard/adump

mkdir -p /oracle/admin/pcard/bdump

mkdir -p /oracle/admin/pcard/cdump

mkdir -p /oracle/admin/pcard/udump

mkdir -p /oracle/oradata/pcard/arch/

mkdir -p /oracle/oradata/pcard/datafile

mkdir -p /oracle/oradata/pcard/onlinelog

 

Standby Side: Edit listener.ora and tnsname.ora

listener.ora:

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

    (SID_DESC =

      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0/db)

      (PROGRAM = extproc)

    )

    (SID_DESC =

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = standby)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/product/10.2.0/db)

      (SID_NAME = pcarddg)

    )

  )

 

 

LISTENER_STANDBY =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

      (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.201)(PORT = 1521))

    )

  )

tnsname.ora (Copy from RAC01, and add the following contents):

#####STANDBY SETTINGS##############

LISTENERS_STANDBY =

  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.201)(PORT = 1521))

PCARDDG =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.201)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = PCARDDG)(UR=A)

      (INSTANCE_NAME = PCARDDG)

    )

  )

 

RAC01 Side: Create pfile from spfile and edit

SQL> create pfile from spfile;

SQL> host vi /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initpcard1.ora

Edit or add the following parameters:

*.db_name='pcard'

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='pcard'

*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pcard,pcarddg)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+FLASHDG/pcard/arch/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES, ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pcard'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pcarddg VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pcarddg'

*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'

*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'

*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'

# Add the following parameters for switchover

*.FAL_CLIENT='pcard'

*.FAL_SERVER='pcarddg'

*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/oracle/oradata/pcard','+DATADG/PCARD'

*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/oracle/oradata/pcard/onlinelog','+DATADG/PCARD/ONLINELOG'

*.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='+FLASHDG/pcard/arch/'

*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup pfile='/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/ initpcard1.ora';

SQL> create spfile=’ +FLASHDG/pcard/spfilepcard.ora’ from pfile;

 

Standby Side: Edit pfile copied from RAC01, and Create spfile from pfile

Copy the above pfile (initpcard1.ora) to Standby (/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/pfilestandby.ora), edit or add the following parameters:

*.db_name='pcard'

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pcarddg

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(pcard,pcarddg)'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/oracle/oradata/pcard/arch/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pcarddg'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=pcard VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pcard'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

*.REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE

# Add the following parameters for switchover

*.FAL_SERVER=pcard

*.FAL_CLIENT=pcarddg

*.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='/oracle/oradata/pcard/arch'

*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'

*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='+DATADG/PCARD/','/oracle/oradata/pcard/'

*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='+DATADG/PCARD/ONLINELOG','/oracle/oradata/pcard/onlinelog'

 

export ORACLE_SID=pcarddg  

startup nomount pfile='/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/pfilestandby.ora'

create spfile='/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilepcarddg.ora' from pfile='/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/pfilestandby.ora';

[oracle@standby admin]$ orapwd file=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwpcarddg password=nhy67ujm entries=30 force=y

[oracle@standby admin]$ lsnrctl start

[oracle@standby admin]$ rman target sys/nhy67ujm@pcard1 auxiliary sys/nhy67ujm@pcarddg catalog=rmanusr/rman@rmanuat

RMAN> copy current controlfile for standby to '/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl';

copy control01.ctl from RAC01 to standby /oracle/oradata/pcard

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby dorecover;

Then the standby DB will be mounted automatically.

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Then the standby DB will receive the archived log from RAC01.

Please note: standby DB can only startup mount under most of situation, so we startup standby db into mount every time and execute “alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session” so that standby db can receive the primary archived redo logs.

 

Check the status of standby DB:

RAC01 Side:

alter system switch logfile;

select max(sequence#) from v$log_history;

MAX(SEQUENCE#)

--------------

            84

 

Standby Side:

select max(sequence#) from v$log_history;

MAX(SEQUENCE#)

--------------

            84

 

It is same as rac01 side. So the standby db is configured successfully.

 

Switchover primary to standby

rac01: 

SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DGMGRL> SWITCHOVER TO  xx

DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS

---------------- --------------------

PHYSICAL STANDBY SESSIONS ACTIVE

 

standby:

SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS

---------------- --------------------

PHYSICAL STANDBY SESSIONS ACTIVE

 

rac01: 

SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;

SQL> shutdown immediate

 

standby:

SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS

---------------- --------------------

PHYSICAL STANDBY TO PRIMARY

SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical primary with session shutdown;

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup

SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE    SWITCHOVER_STATUS

---------------- --------------------

PRIMARY    SESSIONS ACTIVE

 

rac01: 

SQL> startup mount

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

SQL> select database_role,switchover_status from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE SWITCHOVER_STATUS

---------------- --------------------

PHYSICAL STANDBY SESSIONS ACTIVE

 

It is proved that the switchover is executed successfully.

 

a.GIF

1.jpg

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