css字体加粗_CSS字体

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-09 00:26:45 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-09-09 00:26:45 发布

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原文链接：https://flaviocopes.com/css-fonts/

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css字体加粗

At the dawn of the web you only had a handful of fonts you could choose from.

在网络诞生之初，您只有少数几种字体可以选择。

Thankfully today you can load any kind of font on your pages.

值得庆幸的是，今天您可以在页面上加载任何字体。

CSS has gained many nice capabilities over the years in regards to fonts.

多年来，CSS在字体方面获得了许多不错的功能。

The font property is the shorthand for a number of properties:

font属性是许多属性的简写：

font-family
font-family
font-weight
font-weight
font-stretch
font-stretch
font-style
font-style
font-size
font-size

Let’s see each one of them and then we’ll cover font.

让我们看看它们中的每一个，然后我们将介绍font 。

Then we’ll talk about how to load custom fonts, using @import or @font-face, or by loading a font stylesheet.

然后，我们将讨论如何使用@import或@font-face或通过加载字体样式表来加载自定义字体。

`font-family` (`font-family`)

Sets the font family that the element will use.

设置元素将使用的字体系列。

Why “family”? Because what we know as a font is actually composed of several sub-fonts. which provide all the style (bold, italic, light..) we need.

为什么是“家庭”？因为我们所知道的字体实际上是由几个子字体组成的。提供我们需要的所有样式(粗体，斜体，浅色..)。

Here’s an example from my Mac’s Font Book app - the Fira Code font family hosts several dedicated fonts underneath:

这是我Mac的Font Book应用程序中的一个示例-Fira Code字体家族在下面托管了几种专用字体：

This property lets you select a specific font, for example:

此属性使您可以选择特定的字体，例如：

body {
  font-family: Helvetica;
}

You can set multiple values, so the second option will be used if the first cannot be used for some reason (if it’s not found on the machine, or the network connection to download the font failed, for example):

您可以设置多个值，因此，如果由于某种原因无法使用第一个选项(例如，在计算机上找不到该选项，或者下载字体的网络连接失败)，则将使用第二个选项：

body {
  font-family: Helvetica, Arial;
}

I used some specific fonts up to now, ones we call Web Safe Fonts, as they are pre-installed on different operating systems.

到目前为止，我使用了一些特定的字体，我们将其称为Web安全字体 ，因为它们已预先安装在不同的操作系统上。

We divide them in Serif, Sans-Serif, and Monospace fonts. Here’s a list of some of the most popular ones:

我们将它们分为Serif，Sans-Serif和Monospace字体。以下是一些最受欢迎的列表：

Serif - Georgia - Palatino - Times New Roman - Times

Serif-乔治亚州-Palatino-时代New Roman-时代

Sans-Serif - Arial - Helvetica - Verdana - Geneva - Tahoma - Lucida Grande - Impact - Trebuchet MS - Arial Black

Sans-Serif -Arial-Helvetica-Verdana-日内瓦-Tahoma-Lucida Grande-冲击-Trebuchet MS-Arial Black

Monospace - Courier New - Courier - Lucida Console - Monaco

Monospace-快递-快递-Lucida Console-摩纳哥

You can use all of those as font-family properties, but they are not guaranteed to be there for every system. Others exist, too, with a varying level of support.

您可以将所有这些都用作font-family属性，但不能保证它们在每个系统中都存在。其他人也存在不同程度的支持。

You can also use generic names:

您也可以使用通用名称：

sans-serif a font without ligatures
sans-serif没有连字的字体
serif a font with ligatures
serif字体带连字
monospace a font especially good for code
monospace字体，特别适合代码
cursive used to simulate handwritten pieces
cursive用于模拟手写作品
fantasy the name says it all
fantasy这个名字说明了一切

Those are typically used at the end of a font-family definition, to provide a fallback value in case nothing else can be applied:

这些通常用于font-family定义的末尾，以提供备用值，以防万一无法应用其他任何方法：

body {
  font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

`font-weight` (`font-weight`)

This property sets the width of a font. You can use those predefined values:

此属性设置字体的宽度。您可以使用这些预定义的值：

normal
正常
bold
胆大
bolder (relative to the parent element)
粗体(相对于父元素)
lighter (relative to the parent element)
更轻(相对于父元素)

Or using the numeric keywords

或使用数字关键字

100
100
200
200
300
300
400, mapped to normal
400，映射为normal
500
500
600
600
700 mapped to bold
700映射为bold
800
800
900
900

where 100 is the lightest font, and 900 is the boldest.

其中100是最浅的字体，而900是最粗体。

Some of those numeric values might not map to a font, because that must be provided in the font family. When one is missing, CSS makes that number be at least as bold as the preceding one, so you might have numbers that point to the same font.

其中一些数字值可能无法映射到字体，因为必须在字体系列中提供该值。如果缺少一个，CSS将使该数字至少与前一个数字一样大胆，因此您可能会有指向相同字体的数字。

`font-stretch` (`font-stretch`)

Allows to choose a narrow or wide face of the font, if available.

允许选择字体的窄字体或宽字体(如果有)。

This is important: the font must be equipped with different faces.

这很重要：字体必须配备不同的字体。

Values allowed are, from narrower to wider:

允许的值从窄到宽：

ultra-condensed
ultra-condensed
extra-condensed
extra-condensed
condensed
condensed
semi-condensed
semi-condensed
normal
normal
semi-expanded
semi-expanded
expanded
expanded
extra-expanded
extra-expanded
ultra-expanded
ultra-expanded

`font-style` (`font-style`)

Allows you to apply an italic style to a font:

允许您将斜体样式应用于字体：

p {
  font-style: italic;
}

This property also allows the values oblique and normal. There is very little, if any, difference between using italic and oblique. The first is easier to me, as HTML already offers an i element which means italic.

此属性还允许值oblique和normal 。很少有，如果有的话，使用之间的差异italic和oblique 。第一个对我来说比较容易，因为HTML已经提供了一个i元素，它表示斜体。

`font-size` (`font-size`)

This property is used to determine the size of fonts.

此属性用于确定字体的大小。

You can pass 2 kinds of values:

您可以传递2种值：

a length value, like px, em, rem etc, or a percentage
长度值，例如px ， em ， rem等，或百分比
a predefined value keyword
预定义的值关键字

In the second case, the values you can use are:

在第二种情况下，可以使用的值为：

xx-small
xx小
x-small
小
small
小
medium
中
large
大
x-large
x大
xx-large
xx大
smaller (relative to the parent element)
较小(相对于父元素)
larger (relative to the parent element)
更大(相对于父元素)

Usage:

用法：

p {
  font-size: 20px;
}

li {
  font-size: medium;
}

`font-variant` (`font-variant`)

This property was originally used to change the text to small caps, and it had just 3 valid values:

此属性最初用于将文本更改为小写，并且只有3个有效值：

normal
normal
inherit
inherit
small-caps
small-caps

Small caps means the text is rendered in “smaller caps” beside its uppercase letters.

小写大写表示文本以大写字母旁边的“小写大写”呈现。

`font` (`font`)

The font property lets you apply different font properties in a single one, reducing the clutter.

font属性使您可以在一个字体中应用不同的字体属性，从而减少混乱。

We must at least set 2 properties, font-size and font-family, the others are optional:

我们必须至少设置2个属性， font-size和font-family ，其他属性是可选的：

body {
  font: 20px Helvetica;
}

If we add other properties, they need to be put in the correct order.

如果我们添加其他属性，则需要以正确的顺序放置它们。

This is the order:

这是命令：

font: <font-stretch> <font-style> <font-variant> <font-weight> <font-size> <line-height> <font-family>;

Example:

例：

body {
  font: italic bold 20px Helvetica;
}

section {
  font: small-caps bold 20px Helvetica;
}

使用`@font-face`加载自定义字体 (Loading custom fonts using `@font-face`)

@font-face lets you add a new font family name, and map it to a file that holds a font.

@font-face允许您添加新的字体系列名称，并将其映射到包含字体的文件。

This font will be downloaded by the browser and used in the page, and it’s been such a fundamental change to typography on the web - we can now use any font we want.

该字体将由浏览器下载并在页面中使用，这是对网络排版的根本改变-我们现在可以使用所需的任何字体。

We can add @font-face declarations directly into our CSS, or link to a CSS dedicated to importing the font.

我们可以将@font-face声明直接添加到我们CSS中，或链接到专用于导入字体CSS。

In our CSS file we can also use @import to load that CSS file.

在我们CSS文件中，我们还可以使用@import加载该CSS文件。

A @font-face declaration contains several properties we use to define the font, including src, the URI (one or more URIs) to the font. This follows the same-origin policy, which means fonts can only be downloaded form the current origin (domain + port + protocol).

@font-face声明包含一些用于定义字体的属性，包括src ，字体的URI(一个或多个URI)。这遵循同源策略，这意味着只能从当前源(域+端口+协议)下载字体。

Fonts are usually in the formats

字体通常采用以下格式