云的三个维度：SaaS，PaaS和IaaS

The Cloud computing stack can be defined as having three dimensions: a software dimension, a platform dimension, and an infrastructure dimension. Individually these three dimensions contribute to different areas of corporate IT, looking to simplify the jobs of developers and system administrators, but also reducing the level of support that end-users need. Together they provide a viable and alternative route to providing corporate IT – by investing in Cloud computing, organisations can expect to realise significant cost savings.

可以将云计算堆栈定义为具有三个维度：软件维度，平台维度和基础架构维度。 这三个方面分别对公司IT的不同领域有所贡献，以简化开发人员和系统管理员的工作，同时还降低最终用户所需的支持水平。 它们共同为提供企业IT提供了一条可行的替代途径–通过投资于云计算，组织可以期望节省大量成本。

SaaS – Software as a Service

SaaS –软件即服务

Applications delivered using the SaaS method are generally designed for the use of end-users. As a Cloud application that is hosted externally, SaaS applications are delivered through the web and the processing and hosting of data is handled centrally within the Cloud. Sitting at the top of the stack, SaaS is fundamentally changing the way that we use many popular applications. Updates and patches for SaaS applications are provided through the Cloud and so users have the assurance that they will always be using the most up-to-date version of their SaaS applications; this also removes the need for them to install patches on their own accord and reduces the chances of a segmented user base developing where there are a number of different versions of software in wide use.

使用SaaS方法交付的应用程序通常是为最终用户设计的。 作为外部托管的Cloud应用程序，SaaS应用程序通过Web交付，并且数据的处理和托管在Cloud内部集中处理。 SaaS位于堆栈的顶部，从根本上改变了我们使用许多流行应用程序的方式。 通过云提供了SaaS应用程序的更新和补丁程序，因此用户可以保证他们将始终使用其SaaS应用程序的最新版本； 这也消除了他们自行安装补丁程序的需要，并减少了细分用户群在广泛使用多种不同版本软件的情况下进行开发的机会。

SaaS makes sense because with organsational need for IT increasing all the time, building and maintaining an infrastructure capable of keeping pace with the change will not only be costly, but most like prohibited by the time such tasks take. Improved collaboration will also be result of SaaS implementation and companies can expect to add as many extra users as they require without any impact on the performance or delivery of their service. Billing is most commonly done on a per-user model, meanwhile maintenance and support for the infrastructure is the responsibility of the host; together these features contribute to a significant reduction in cost.

SaaS之所以有意义，是因为随着组织对IT的需求一直在增加，建立和维护能够跟上变化步伐的基础架构不仅成本高昂，而且最受时间限制。 SaaS实施还可以改善协作，并且公司可以期望根据需要增加任意数量的额外用户，而不会影响其服务的性能或交付。 计费最常见的是基于每个用户的模型，与此同时，主机的责任是维护和支持基础结构。 这些功能共同有助于大幅降低成本。

PaaS – Platform as a Service

PaaS –平台即服务

A PaaS environment provides the tools and frameworks that developers need to make applications delivered through a SaaS implementation. Creating applications from scratch is a long and arduous process, and PaaS is designed to simplify this and reduce development and deployment times by providing a common set of libraries and frameworks on which developers build their products. We briefly touched on how Cloud computing can be an enabler of collaboration within the organisation; this idea is developed further with PaaS as such an environment gives developers the resources and tools they need to work on the same project at the same time so that multiple people can contribute to getting the task completed quicker and more efficiently.

PaaS环境提供了开发人员通过SaaS实现交付应用程序所需的工具和框架。 从头开始创建应用程序是一个漫长而艰巨的过程，PaaS旨在通过提供一组通用的库和框架来简化开发人员的产品，从而简化此过程并减少开发和部署时间。 我们简要介绍了云计算如何成为企业内部协作的推动者。 PaaS进一步发展了这个想法，因为这样的环境为开发人员提供了他们在同一时间从事同一项目所需的资源和工具，以便多个人可以为更快，更高效地完成任务做出贡献。

The core purpose for using PaaS applications is to create what we see at the top of the stack, those user-friendly, frontend SaaS applications.

使用PaaS应用程序的核心目的是创建我们在堆栈顶部看到的那些用户友好的前端SaaS应用程序。

IaaS – Infrastructure as a Service

IaaS –基础架构即服务

At the bottom of the stack is IaaS, or Infrastructure as a Service. In layman’s terms, IaaS can be defined as the main resources that make up your average corporate IT environment – servers, storage, networking components, and operating systems – delivered through a Cloud computing model, in many cases as an on-demand service. The IaaS dimension of Cloud computing can help organisations to realise cost savings through the divestment of physical hardware and the investment in basic Cloud resources that are representative of what the business requires on an average day. Physical hardware is costly to maintain, suffers from significant depreciation, and can be hard to upgrade to cope with additional loads without incurring downtime. The move to an IaaS platform provides a dynamic and scalable environment where an organisation can request extra resources when it needs them. Simply put, scalability is incorporated from the ground up. Within the stack IaaS provides the resources that sustain the development platforms and production platforms for the PaaS and SaaS dimensions.

IaaS或基础架构即服务位于堆栈的底部。 用通俗易懂的术语来说，IaaS可以定义为构成您的一般公司IT环境(服务器，存储，网络组件和操作系统)的主要资源，这些环境是通过云计算模型提供的，在许多情况下是按需服务。 云计算的IaaS维度可以通过剥离物理硬件和投资基本的云资源来帮助组织实现成本节省，这些资源可以代表企业平均一天的需求。 物理硬件的维护成本高昂，折旧严重，并且很难升级以应对额外的负载而又不会造成停机。 向IaaS平台的迁移提供了一个动态且可扩展的环境，组织可以在此环境中请求额外的资源。 简而言之，可伸缩性是从头开始整合的。 在堆栈中，IaaS提供了支持PaaS和SaaS维度的开发平台和生产平台的资源。

In some cases it is important to recognise that there may be some corporate elements that need to remain in-house for legal and regulatory purposes, such as storage for sensitive data, but for the most part IaaS can provide a sufficient alternative to your existing infrastructure, will be respectful of your needs, all the while reducing your costs.

在某些情况下，重要的是要认识到，出于法律和法规目的，可能需要保留一些公司要素，例如存储敏感数据，但是在大多数情况下，IaaS可以为您现有的基础架构提供足够的替代方案，将始终满足您的需求，同时降低您的成本。

Conclusion

结论

To conclude, the purpose of this article is to explain that Cloud computing isn’t just a single thing, or one topic – it can be readily split into three different levels, each of which are made up of many constituents themselves. For investment in Cloud technologies to be effective, it is important for companies to recgonise the different aspects of the Cloud and how each of these stand to effect and benefit them.

总而言之，本文的目的是解释云计算不仅仅是一件事或一个主题，它可以很容易地分为三个不同的级别，每个级别都由许多要素本身组成。 为了使对云技术的投资有效，对于公司而言，重要的是要重新认识云的各个方面，以及每个方面如何影响并从中受益。

翻译自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/the-three-dimensions-of-cloud-saas-paas-and-iaas/