油漆算法问题_不同类型的油漆（以及何时使用它们）

油漆算法问题

If you’re about to attack the walls in your house with a fresh new coat of paint, all the different choices in the paint aisle at your local hardware store can be pretty overwhelming. Here’s what you need to know about the different kinds of paint and when you should use them.

如果您要用新的新涂料侵蚀房屋的墙壁，则本地五金店的涂料过道中的所有不同选择都可能会让人不知所措。 这是您需要了解的各种涂料以及何时使用它们的知识。

油基涂料与水基涂料 (Oil-Based vs. Water-Based Paint)

When it comes down to it, paint is either oil-based or water-based, meaning that the paint’s main ingredient is either water or a type of oil (usually either alkyd or linseed oil).

归根结底，油漆要么是油基的，要么是水基的，这意味着油漆的主要成分是水或某种类型的油(通常是醇酸或亚麻子油)。

There are pros and cons to each, but here’s a quick rundown:

每种都有优点和缺点，但是这里有一个简短的摘要：

油性涂料 (Oil-Based Paint)

• Drying and curing time takes longer.
  干燥和固化时间较长。
• More durable than water-based paint.
  比水性涂料更耐用。
• Cleaning paint brushes requires harsh chemicals like paint thinner.
  清洁油漆刷需要使用刺激性的化学药品，例如稀释剂。
• Often provides a much smoother and better-looking finish.
  通常可以提供更平滑，更美观的效果。

水性涂​​料 (Water-Based Paint)

• Drying and curing takes less time than oil-based paint.
  干燥和固化所需的时间少于油基涂料。
• Isn’t quite as durable.
  不太耐用。
• Cleanup doesn’t require chemicals—soap and water works great.
  清理不需要化学药品，肥皂和水效果很好。
• More common than oil-based paint (depending on where you look).
  比油基油漆更常见(取决于您的外观)。

Consider using oil-based paint on surfaces that take frequent beatings and abuse—like exteriors, floors, doors, trim, and furniture. Water-based paint, however, is great for things that won’t see a whole lot of wear and tear—like walls and ceilings.

考虑在经常遭受殴打和滥用的表面上使用油性涂料，例如外部，地板，门，装饰和家具。 但是，水性涂料非常适合不会磨损很多的东西(例如墙壁和天花板)。

Water-based paint is also colloquially known as latex paint, even though this type of paint uses acrylic resins or vinyl instead of actual latex. Water-based paint is also the most common type of paint—usually around 75% of paint available at most hardware or paint stores is water-based, although it depends where you shop.

水性涂​​料也俗称乳胶涂料，即使这种类型的涂料使用丙烯酸树脂或乙烯基树脂代替实际的乳胶。 水性涂​​料也是最常见的涂料类型，尽管取决于您在哪里购物，但通常在大多数五金或涂料商店中可用的涂料中约有75％是水性的。

底漆 (Primer)

Primer is an important component to the painting process, but you should understand that primer isn’t actually “paint.” It’s very similar in that it has the same consistency as paint and is applied the same way, but you would never use it as a final coat on anything. Applying a primer before applying the actual paint allows the primer to act as an adhesive of sorts for the paint to stick to, which adds durability and longevity.

底漆是绘画过程中的重要组成部分，但是您应该了解，底漆实际上并不是“绘画”。 它非常相似，因为它具有与油漆相同的一致性，并且以相同的方式施加，但是您永远不会将其用作任何东西的最终涂层。 在实际涂漆之前先涂底漆可以使底漆充当各种粘合剂，使涂料粘附在上面，从而增加了耐用性和使用寿命。

Furthermore, primer is pretty much required on new, clean surfaces that aren’t already painted. For example, if you’re painting a brand new wall that’s never been painted before, you’ll want to use primer.

此外，在尚未涂漆的新的干净表面上几乎需要底漆。 例如，如果您要绘制从未有过的全新墙面，则需要使用底漆。

In other circumstances, primer may not be necessary. For example, if you’re painting over a previous paint job that uses a similar shade, you probably don’t need to apply primer first. If you’re painting a light color over a dark color, though, primer can be really helpful. You might need several coats of paint to completely mask the darker shade, but you typically need much less primer to cover it up—plus, primer is usually cheaper than actual paint and can save you a few bucks.

在其他情况下，可能不需要底漆。 例如，如果要在使用类似阴影的先前的绘画作业上绘画，则可能不需要先应用底漆。 但是，如果要在深色上绘制浅色，则底漆确实很有帮助。 您可能需要几层油漆才能完全掩盖较暗的阴影，但通常只需要少得多的底漆即可将其遮盖起来，此外，底漆通常比实际油漆便宜，并且可以节省几美元。

油漆光泽 (Paint Sheen)

In addition to oil-based and water-based paints, there are also different sheens of paint. In other words, paint comes in different levels of shininess (a.k.a. gloss).

除了油基和水性涂料外，还存在不同的光泽度。 换句话说，涂料具有不同的光泽度(又称光泽度)。

On one end you have paint sheens that aren’t that glossy. They’ll be called things like “Flat”, “Matte”, “Eggshell”, and “Satin”. Flat and matte paints are very similar, though matte is usually just a tad more glossy than flat. Matte is also usually more durable than flat. These types of paint are good for ceilings, as they can hide imperfections much better than higher-gloss paint can.

一方面，您拥有的光泽不那么光泽。 它们将被称为“ Flat”，“ Matte”，“ Eggshell”和“ Satin”之类的东西。 平面涂料和哑光涂料非常相似，尽管哑光通常比平面涂料略有光泽。 磨砂通常也比平整耐用。 这些类型的油漆对天花板很有用，因为它们比高光泽度的油漆可以更好地隐藏缺陷。

Eggshell and satin paints are a bit more glossy, but still look fairly matte if viewed at the right angle. These types of paint are a good compromise between durability and sheen. So if you want something that’s durable but still looks fairly flat, eggshell and satin paints are good options.

蛋壳和缎面涂料的光泽度更高，但如果以正确的角度观看，仍显得相当哑光。 这些类型的涂料是耐久性和光泽之间的良好折衷。 因此，如果您想要耐用但仍然看上去很平整的东西，蛋壳和缎面涂料是不错的选择。

Semi-gloss and gloss paints are the most durable of sheens and they can take a good scrubbing without rubbing off, so they work well in kitchens and bathrooms. However, they do reflect light quite a bit and provide a shiny surface, which can make small imperfections stand out.

半光泽和光泽油漆是最耐用的光泽，可以很好地擦洗而不会掉落，因此它们在厨房和浴室中效果很好。 但是，它们确实会反射很多光，并提供有光泽的表面，这可以使小的缺陷突出。

The type of sheen you should use is ultimately up to you, though—just be aware of the pros and cons of each.

但是，应该使用哪种光泽最终取决于您自己—仅需了解每种优点和缺点。

什么是“搪瓷”涂料？ (What Is “Enamel” Paint?)

While browsing paint at the store, you might come across some cans with the word “enamel” written on the label. In general, enamel paint refers to any paint that has incredible durability and dries to a tough, hard finish that can withstand a lot of abuse. If a paint can label has the word “enamel”, you can be sure that it’s some of the toughest paint around.

在商店浏览涂料时，您可能会遇到一些罐子，标签上写着“搪瓷”字样。 通常，搪瓷涂料是指具有令人难以置信的耐用性并干燥成坚硬，坚硬的表面并且可以承受大量使用的涂料。 如果油漆罐标签上带有“搪瓷”一词，则可以确定它是周围最坚硬的油漆。

In the past, most (if not all) enamel paint was oil-based, but in recent years many water-based paints have taken on enamel as well. Personally, I swear by using an oil-based enamel, since oil-based paint is naturally durable in the first place. Enamel paint usually comes in the form of exterior paint and high-temp paint, as well as some indoor paints aimed at surfaces that see a lot of abuse, like kitchen cabinets or furniture.

过去，大多数(如果不是全部)搪瓷涂料都是油基的，但是近年来，许多水性涂料也采用了搪瓷。 就个人而言，我发誓使用油性瓷漆，因为油性涂料首先自然就很耐用。 搪瓷涂料通常以外墙涂料和高温涂料的形式出现，还有一些针对那些经常被滥用的表面使用的室内涂料，例如厨柜或家具。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/320201/the-different-types-of-paint-and-when-to-use-them/

油漆算法问题