html 灯泡_您可以购买的不同类型的灯泡，以及如何选择

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Energy-efficient light bulbs are a great way to save money on your energy bill, not to mention keep your bulbs lasting longer. But there are multiple kinds of light bulbs out there, and multiple kinds that are energy efficient. Here’s what you should know about the different types of light bulbs and which ones are worth buying.

节能灯泡是节省电费的好方法，更不用说让灯泡使用寿命更长了。 但是，那里有多种灯泡，并且多种节能。 这是您应该了解的不同类型的灯泡以及哪些值得购买的灯泡。

There are only a handful of bulbs that are actually meant for household use, so we’ll focus on those in this guide. Each type of light bulb acts differently and uses up different energy amounts, so let’s take a look at the ones you’re most likely to run into, and which are best for you.

实际上只有少数几个灯泡供家庭使用，因此在本指南中我们将重点介绍这些灯泡。 每种灯泡的作用不同，消耗的能量也不同，因此让我们看一下最有可能遇到的灯泡，哪种灯泡最适合您。

白炽灯：老而便宜，但效率不高 (Incandescent: Old and Cheap, but Not Very Efficient)

Incandescent light bulbs use some of the oldest technology around, which dates back to the early 1800s when the first conception of an incandescent light bulb was introduced by Humphry Day. It wasn’t until later that century when Thomas Edison created an economically-viable incandescent bulb that would later become a staple in every household.

白炽灯泡使用了一些最古老的技术，其历史可以追溯到1800年代初，当时汉弗莱·戴(Humphry Day ) 提出了第一个白炽灯泡的概念。 直到那个世纪末，托马斯·爱迪生(Thomas Edison)发明了一种经济上可行的白炽灯泡，后来成为每个家庭的必备品。

Incandescent bulbs achieve light by heating up a wire filament using electricity, which then produces a glow, and the enclosed glass globe prevents the heated wire from combusting and catching fire by blocking out oxygen.

白炽灯泡通过使用电力加热金属丝来产生光，然后产生辉光，而封闭的玻璃球则通过阻挡氧气来防止加热的电线燃烧和着火。

It’s really simple technology, and these bulbs are really cheap. They’re the bulbs you’ve probably been using in your house most of your life. However, they use up the most electricity out of the bunch, so they aren’t the best option for your wallet in the long run. Most household incandescent light bulbs use anywhere from 40 watts to 100 watts of electricity. That may not seem like a whole lot, but wait until we talk about some other options.

这真的是简单的技术，而且这些灯泡真的很便宜。 它们是您一生中可能一直在家里使用的灯泡。 但是，它们消耗的电量最多，因此从长远来看，它们并不是钱包的最佳选择。 大多数家用白炽灯泡的耗电量为40瓦至100瓦。 这似乎不算很多，但是请等到我们讨论其他选择为止。

荧光灯：不是大多数家庭使用的理想选择 (Fluorescent: Not Ideal for Most Household Uses)

Fluorescent lights are mostly used for commercial and industrial purposes. You’ll see them in most public buildings like grocery stores, schools, banks, etc., and that’s because fluorescent lights give off a lot of light, which is useful in larger spaces. However, anyone can buy them and use them in garages, workshops, and other similar areas.

荧光灯主要用于商业和工业目的。 您会在杂货店，学校，银行等大多数公共建筑中看到它们，这是因为荧光灯会发出大量光，这在较大的空间中很有用。 但是，任何人都可以购买它们并在车库，车间和其他类似区域使用它们。

Furthermore, fluorescent lights use less energy than incandescent bulbs overall. So while a 60-watt incandescent bulb can put out around 800 lumens, a typical fluorescent tube can put out around 3,000 lumens using only 35 watts or so. One of the fallbacks, though, is that fluorescent light takes some time to heat up and achieve full brightness, whereas incandescent light is instantaneous.

此外，荧光灯比白炽灯泡总体上消耗更少的能量。 因此，虽然一个60瓦的白炽灯泡可以发出约800流明的光，但是一个典型的荧光灯管仅需35瓦左右就可以发出约3000流明的光。 不过，其缺点之一是荧光灯需要一些时间来加热并达到全亮度，而白炽灯却是瞬时的。

Fluorescent lights are also a bit more dangerous, since they contain mercury gas on the inside. These lights work by sending an electric current through the mercury gas, which produces an ultraviolet light that then makes the fluorescent coating on the inside of the tube to brightly glow, which creates the light. If a tube breaks, the mercury gas can escape, which is dangerous to breathe in.

荧光灯也更加危险，因为它们的内部含有汞气体。 这些灯通过使电流通过汞气体来工作，该电流产生紫外线，然后紫外线使管子内部的荧光涂层明亮地发光，从而产生光。 如果管子破裂，汞气体会逸出，有吸入危险。

CFL：效率居中，如果突破，则很危险 (CFL: Middle-of-the-Road in Efficiency, Dangerous if They Break)

A few years ago, CFL bulbs were seen as the saving grace to incandescent light bulbs. CFL stands for compact fluorescent light, so as you might have guessed, CFL bulbs are simply a more compact version of fluorescent tubes, and were made to replace household incandescent bulbs.

几年前，CFL灯泡被视为白炽灯的节能之选。 CFL代表紧凑型荧光灯，因此，正如您可能已经猜到的那样，CFL灯泡只是荧光灯管的一种更紧凑的版本，被用来代替家用白炽灯泡。

CFL bulbs work the same way as regular fluorescent tubes, which also means they take a bit of time to warm up and contain harmful mercury gas. However, they’re also much more energy efficient than incandescent bulbs. For instance, a CFL bulb can easily replicate a 60-watt incandescent bulb, but will only use around 15 watts to achieve the same brightness. Plus, the cost of CFL bulbs is pretty low. However, they’re still not the best in terms of energy efficiency.

节能灯灯泡的工作方式与普通荧光灯管相同，这也意味着它们需要花费一些时间进行加热并包含有害的汞气体。 但是，它们也比白炽灯泡节能得多。 例如，CFL灯泡可以轻松复制60瓦的白炽灯泡，但仅使用15瓦左右即可获得相同的亮度。 另外，CFL灯泡的成本非常低。 但是，就能源效率而言，它们仍然不是最好的。

LED：成本高，但效率高，从长远来看值得 (LED: Costly, but Very Efficient, and Worth It In the Long Run)

The gold standard right now in the lighting industry is LED, which stands for light-emitting diode. LED is a technology that has been around for a while. If you look at your TV, speakers, or anything else that’s electronic, you might notice a small little light indicating whether or not the device is on. Those are tiny LEDs.

目前，照明行业的黄金标准是LED，它代表发光二极管。 LED是已经存在了一段时间的技术。 如果您看电视，扬声器或其他任何电子产品，则可能会看到一小盏小灯，指示设备是否打开。 这些是微小的LED。

LED lights in the form of light bulbs, though, are still rather new, thus they’re more expensive than other types of light bulbs. However, LED bulbs last way longer than incandescent and fluorescent bulbs. Even the cheaper, less reliable LED bulbs can last around 10,000 hours, which is about 10x longer than an incandescent bulb. Plus, they’re safer than fluorescent bulbs–they don’t even get very hot.

但是，灯泡形式的LED灯仍然很新，因此比其他类型的灯泡贵。 不过，LED灯泡去年的方式比白炽灯和荧光灯更长。 甚至更便宜，更不可靠的LED灯泡也可以持续大约10,000小时，这是白炽灯泡的10倍左右。 另外，它们比荧光灯更安全-它们甚至不会变得很热。

However, any decent LED bulb is rated at around 25,000 hours, so it’s unlikely that you’ll need to replace the bulb anytime soon. Even if you left an LED bulb on for eight hours every single day, it would take around 8.5 years for it to reach the end of its lifespan. So, while you’re spending more up front, you won’t have to replace LED bulbs nearly as often as other types. Plus, you can take advantage of utility rebates to save money on these LED bulbs.

但是，任何体面的LED灯泡的额定寿命约为25,000小时，因此您不太可能需要尽快更换灯泡。 即使您每天将LED灯泡打开八个小时，也要花大约8.5年的时间才能达到使用寿命。 因此，当您花更多的钱在前期时，您几乎不必像其他类型那样频繁地更换LED灯泡。 另外，您可以利用公用程序折扣来节省这些LED灯泡的费用。

All smart bulbs (like Philips Hue, Osram Lightify, GE Link, etc.) are LED bulbs, so when you spend big money on a smart light kit, you’ll have the confidence knowing that the bulbs will last for a significantly long time. Plus, there are all different kinds of smart bulbs you can buy as well.

所有智能灯泡(例如Philips Hue ，Osram Lightify，GE Link等)都是LED灯泡，因此，当您在智能灯套件上花费大笔资金时，您将充满信心地知道这些灯泡将持续很长时间。 另外，您还可以购买所有不同种类的智能灯泡 。

One downside to LED bulbs, though, as that they can sometimes emit a faint humming noise if you dim them down. It’s not terribly annoying, but if it’s dead quiet and you’re listening for it, it can be pretty apparent.

但是，LED灯泡的缺点是，如果将它们调暗，它们有时会发出微弱的嗡嗡声。 这并不是很烦人，但是如果它变得非常安静并且您正在聆听，它可能会很明显。

In the end, we’d say LED bulbs are the bulbs to get. They’re a bit costly, but you can easily find some for as low as $2.50 per bulb, and the energy savings over the long run is definitely worth it.

最后，我们要说的是LED灯泡。 它们有点贵，但您可以轻松找到一些灯泡 ， 每个灯泡的价格低至2.50美元 ，从长远来看，节能绝对是值得的。

Images by Jan-Erik Finnberg/Flickr, Jeff Wilcox/Flickr, Daniel Oines/Flickr

Jan-Erik Finnberg / Flickr， Jeff Wilcox / Flickr， Daniel Oines / Flickr的图像

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/265814/the-different-types-of-light-bulbs-you-can-buy-and-how-to-choose/

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