putty 遂道_为什么将网络隧道称为“隧道”？

putty 遂道

The terminology one encounters when getting into the computing world may seem odd or leave you puzzled at times, wondering how and why these terms are in use. With that in mind, today’s SuperUser Q&A post has the answers to a confused reader’s questions.

人们进入计算世界时遇到的术语可能看起来很奇怪，或者使您有时感到困惑，不知道这些术语的使用方式和原因。 考虑到这一点，今天的SuperUser Q＆A帖子为困惑的读者提供了答案。

Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites.

今天的“问答”环节由SuperUser提供，它是Stack Exchange的一个分支，该社区是由社区驱动的Q＆A网站分组。

问题 (The Question)

SuperUser reader user7681202 wants to know why a network tunnel is called a “tunnel”:

超级用户阅读器user7681202想知道为什么将网络隧道称为“隧道”：

I do not understand why the “tunnel” metaphor is used to describe a networking tunnel.

我不明白为什么使用“隧道”隐喻来描述网络隧道。

At first, I thought the reason was because the data was sent in an encrypted form so that an eavesdropper would not be able to see the data (seeing the data wrapped in a tunnel instead).

起初，我认为原因是因为数据是以加密形式发送的，因此窃听者将无法看到数据(而是看到包裹在隧道中的数据)。

But what of the tunneling protocols that do not use encryption? Why are they also called “tunnels”?

但是，哪些不使用加密的隧道协议呢？ 为什么将它们也称为“隧道”？

Why is a network tunnel called a “tunnel”?

为什么将网络隧道称为“隧道”？

答案 (The Answer)

SuperUser contributors Mokubai and DavidPostill have the answer for us. First up, Mokubai:

超级用户贡献者Mokubai和DavidPostill为我们提供了答案。 首先，Mokubai：

In the case of roads, a real world tunnel is a constructed passage that allows you to pass directly from point A to point B instead of taking a route that is longer and/or has more things to slow you down. Examples include tunnels through mountains that you might otherwise have to go around, underpasses that let you get to the other side of the road without walking across it, and subway tunnels that let trains move around a city without the need to contend with roads and buildings.

就道路而言，真实世界中的隧道是一条经过构造的通道，可让您直接从A点到达B点，而不是走更长的路线和/或有更多东西使您减速。 例子包括穿过山路的隧道，否则您可能必须绕过山路；通过地下通道，您无需走过道路即可到达道路的另一侧；以及使火车在城市中移动而无需与道路和建筑物抗衡的地铁隧道。

In each of these cases, a tunnel provides a direct path that avoids some type of complexity you would otherwise have to deal with. In networking, it is used in the same way.

在每种情况下，隧道都提供了一条直接路径，从而避免了您原本必须处理的某种复杂性。 在网络中，它的使用方式相同。

An IPv4 over IPv6 tunnel allows IPv4 to pass through an IPv6 network into another IPv4 network, something that would otherwise not be possible without the originating computer understanding the IPv6 network.

IPv4 over IPv6隧道允许IPv4穿过IPv6网络进入另一个IPv4网络，否则，如果原始计算机没有理解IPv6网络，这是不可能的。

A VPN is a tunnel specifically intended for connecting two private networks without the overhead of translating the IP addresses between private and public addresses at each end.

VPN是专门用于连接两个专用网络的隧道，而无需在两端分别在专用地址和公用地址之间转换IP地址的开销。

An example that combines the two is game VPN software like Hamachi that could be used to play “over the Internet” games which used old protocols like IPX or relied on local discovery to find other players.

将两者结合在一起的一个例子是类似Hamachi的游戏VPN软件，该软件可用于玩“通过Internet”游戏，该游戏使用IPX等旧协议或依靠本地发现来寻找其他玩家。

Followed by the answer from DavidPostill:

随后是DavidPostill的回答：

Why is a network tunnel called a “tunnel”?

为什么将网络隧道称为“隧道”？

The phrase was first used (as far as I can tell) in the RFC 1075 Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol, where it is defined as follows:

据我所知，该词组最早是在RFC 1075距离矢量多播路由协议中使用的，其定义如下：

And…

和…

Although the above states, “We consider tunnels to be a transitional hack.”, tunneling is still used today with essentially the same meaning. The data sent through a tunnel is encapsulated so that it can be transmitted via a protocol that would otherwise not support the transmission:

尽管上面说过：“我们认为隧道是过渡性的手段。”但是，如今仍在使用隧道，其含义基本相同。 通过隧道发送的数据经过封装，因此可以通过不支持传输的协议进行传输：

Source: Networking 101 – Understanding Tunneling

来源： 网络101 –了解隧道

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Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.

有什么补充说明吗？ 在评论中听起来不错。 是否想从其他精通Stack Exchange的用户那里获得更多答案？ 在此处查看完整的讨论线程 。

Image Credit: mattthewafflecat (Pixabay)

图片来源： mattthewafflecat(Pixabay)

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/299845/why-is-a-network-tunnel-called-a-tunnel/

putty 遂道