如何阻止Ubuntu收集有关您PC的数据

Ubuntu 18.04 collects data about your PC’s hardware and software, which packages you have installed, and application crash reports, sending them all to Ubuntu’s servers. You can opt out of this data collection—but you have to do it in three separate places.

Ubuntu 18.04收集有关您的PC硬件和软件，已安装的软件包以及应用程序崩溃报告的数据，并将它们全部发送到Ubuntu的服务器。 您可以选择退出此数据收集-但必须在三个不同的地方进行。

如何选择退出系统信息报告 (How to Opt Out of System Information Reports)

After you install Ubuntu 18.04 and boot up, you’ll see the “Welcome to Ubuntu” window. Click through it and you can choose whether or not to submit data about your PC to Ubuntu on the “Help improve Ubuntu” screen.

安装Ubuntu 18.04并启动后，您将看到“欢迎使用Ubuntu”窗口。 单击它，您可以在“帮助改善Ubuntu”屏幕上选择是否将有关PC的数据提交给Ubuntu。

By default, the “Yes, send system info to Canonical” option is selected. Select the “No, don’t send system info” option to opt out of this data collection.

默认情况下，选中“是，将系统信息发送给Canonical”选项。 选择“否，不发送系统信息”选项以退出此数据收集。

You can click “Show the First Report” if you’re curious what data is sent. The data includes information about your PC’s hardware, including the manufacturer, BIOS version, and the model of your CPU. It also includes information about your software, such as the version of Ubuntu you installed, your chosen desktop environment, whether you’re using the Xorg or Wayland display server, and the options you chose while installing Ubuntu. Other information, such as your time zone, information about your partitions, and your display’s resolution is also sent.

如果您好奇发送什么数据，可以单击“显示第一个报告”。 数据包括有关PC硬件的信息，包括制造商，BIOS版本和CPU型号。 它还包括有关软件的信息，例如您安装的Ubuntu版本，所选的桌面环境，使用的是Xorg还是Wayland显示服务器，以及在安装Ubuntu时选择的选项。 还发送其他信息，例如您的时区，有关分区的信息以及显示器的分辨率。

According to Canonical’s Will Cooke, this data is designed to help Ubuntu learn how many users it has, what features they use, and what hardware they have, allowing Ubuntu’s developers to focus on what’s important. Ubuntu doesn’t keep the IP address associated with each report and has no way of tying it back to an individual PC.

根据Canonical的Will Cooke所说，该数据旨在帮助Ubuntu了解拥有多少用户，他们使用了什么功能以及拥有什么硬件，从而使Ubuntu的开发人员可以专注于重要的事情。 Ubuntu不会保留与每个报告关联的IP地址，也无法将其绑定回单个PC。

You can find this report at /home/NAME/.cache/ubuntu-report/ubuntu.18.04 on your PC.

您可以在PC上的/home/NAME/.cache/ubuntu-report/ubuntu.18.04上找到此报告。

The data collection is performed by the ubuntu-report command. According to its documentation, information about your PC is sent only once per Ubuntu version. So, if you’ve already agreed to report information about your PC, your data has already been sent.

数据收集是通过ubuntu-report命令执行的。 根据其文档，关于您的PC的信息在每个Ubuntu版本中仅发送一次。 因此，如果您已经同意报告有关您的PC的信息，则您的数据已经发送。

If you want to opt out, you can do so by forcing the ubuntu-report command to send a new report with an opt-out message instead of your PC’s data. If you already opted out after installing Ubuntu, there’s no need for this—but this will allow you to opt out if you already sent your data to Ubuntu’s servers.

如果要退出，则可以通过强制ubuntu-report命令发送包含退出消息而不是PC数据的新报告来执行此操作。 如果您在安装Ubuntu之后已经选择退出，则不需要这样做-但这将允许您选择退出(如果您已经将数据发送到Ubuntu的服务器)。

To get started, launch a Terminal window. You can do this by clicking the “Activities” link at the top left corner of your screen, typing “Terminal” into the search box, and then pressing Enter or clicking the “Terminal” icon.

首先，启动“终端”窗口。 您可以通过以下方法执行此操作：单击屏幕左上角的“活动”链接，在搜索框中键入“终端”，然后按Enter或单击“终端”图标。

In the Terminal window, type the following command, and then press Enter:

在“终端”窗口中，键入以下命令，然后按Enter：

ubuntu-report -f send no

Ubuntu sends a simple report saying that your PC has opted out. That’s all the information it contains and, as the data is publicly available, anyone will be able to see how many Ubuntu users have opted out. This gives everyone a good idea of how many total Ubuntu users there are.

Ubuntu发送一个简单的报告说您的PC已选择退出。 这就是它包含的所有信息，并且随着该数据公开可用，任何人都可以看到有多少Ubuntu用户选择退出。 这使每个人都知道有多少Ubuntu总用户。

如何选择退出包装流行度竞赛 (How to Opt Out of the Package Popularity Contest)

The “popularity-contest” or “popcon” tool also is installed by default on Ubuntu 18.04. This tool reports to Ubuntu which software packages you have installed on your system. Ubuntu then knows exactly how popular each package is, and they can use this information to focus their development efforts.

默认情况下，Ubuntu 18.04也安装了“ popularity-contest”或“ popcon”工具。 该工具向Ubuntu报告您已在系统上安装了哪些软件包。 然后，Ubuntu确切地知道每个软件包的流行程度 ，他们可以使用此信息来集中精力进行开发。

If you’d like to opt out of the popularity contest, launch a Terminal window and run the following command:

如果您想退出人气竞赛，请启动“终端”窗口并运行以下命令：

sudo apt remove popularity-contest

You’ll have to enter your user account’s password and then type “y” to continue. This alsos remove the ubuntu-standard package, but that is simply a “metapackage” that exists to pull in the default software (like popularity-contest) when you install Ubuntu. It can be safely removed.

您必须输入用户帐户的密码，然后键入“ y”以继续。 这也删除了ubuntu标准软件包，但这只是一个“元软件包”，在安装Ubuntu时存在以拉入默认软件(例如流行竞赛)。 可以安全地将其删除。

如何选择退出自动错误报告 (How to Opt Out of Automatic Bug Reports)

Ubuntu has long had an “Apport” tool that automatically notices application crashes and generates crash reports. In Ubuntu 18.04, Apport is configured to automatically upload bug reports. These bug reports are anonymized and personal data is removed from them. They can be used by developers to understand what’s crashing and why.

Ubuntu长期以来一直拥有一个“ Apport ”工具，该工具会自动注意到应用程序崩溃并生成崩溃报告。 在Ubuntu 18.04中，Apport配置为自动上传错误报告。 这些错误报告将被匿名化，并从其中删除个人数据。 开发人员可以使用它们来了解崩溃的原因以及原因。

If you’d like to opt out of this, click the system status icons at the top right corner of the Ubuntu desktop and click the “Settings” icon in the popup. Select “Privacy” in the Settings window that appears, and then click the “Problem Reporting” entry.

如果您不想这样做，请单击Ubuntu桌面右上角的系统状态图标，然后单击弹出窗口中的“设置”图标。 在出现的“设置”窗口中选择“隐私”，然后单击“问题报告”条目。

Set “Automatic Problem Reporting” to “Off” and close the window. Apport will still notice crashes and generate crash reports, but it will ask for permission before sending them.

将“自动问题报告”设置为“关”，然后关闭窗口。 Apport仍会注意到崩溃并生成崩溃报告，但是在发送之前，它会征求许可。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/349844/how-to-stop-ubuntu-from-collecting-data-about-your-pc/