app开发和web开发_了解2020年现代Web App开发的概念

app开发和web开发

Millions of businesses exchange information on the internet and to interact with their target audience. This helps them make fast and secure transactions over the web. However, business goals can be achieved when the businesses are able to store all this data for the means of presenting quality output to the end users.

数以百万计的企业在Internet上交换信息并与目标受众进行交互。 这有助于他们通过网络进行快速安全的交易。 但是，当企业能够存储所有这些数据以将质量输出呈现给最终用户时，就可以实现业务目标。

Simply put, in the development industry a web application (or “web app”) is more like a program that uses a web browser to handle the storage and retrieval of the information to present information to the users. This allows a user to interact with the company using the online forms, e-shopping carts, CMS, etc. Some more examples of web applications are online banking, online polls, online forums, online reservations, shopping cart, and interactive games.

简而言之，在开发行业中，Web应用程序(或“ Web应用程序”)更像是一个使用Web浏览器处理信息的存储和检索以向用户呈现信息的程序。 这使用户可以使用在线表单，电子购物车，CMS等与公司进行交互。Web应用程序的其他示例包括在线银行，在线民意调查，在线论坛，在线预订，购物车和互动游戏。

Learning about web development is kind of like having too many things on a plate. This blog serves as a way to get your acquainted with the world of web app development.

了解Web开发有点像在盘子上放很多东西。 该博客可让您熟悉Web应用程序开发领域。

In this blog, I’ll cover the concept of modern web app development, best programming languages to use, and additional resources for businesses who want to know more about custom web application development for business benefit.

在此博客中，我将介绍现代Web应用程序开发的概念，要使用的最佳编程语言，以及为希望从业务开发中了解更多有关自定义Web应用程序开发的企业提供的其他资源。

继续阅读以深入研究Web应用程序开发！ (Keep reading to dive into web app development!)

Kotlin Ktor用于Web应用程序开发 ： (Kotlin Ktor for Web App Development:)

Most of the developers now use Kotlin to build web apps. Kotlin is concise, clear, and has a friendly syntax to learn. In addition, Kotlin offers a myriad of useful features that ease everyday development tasks that is something not offered by any other language. This will speed up development time while keeping your codebase easier to execute and more maintainable. Besides the mentioned advantages, there’s also Kotlin Ktor a library for building creative web applications.

现在，大多数开发人员都使用Kotlin来构建Web应用程序。 Kotlin简洁明了，并且学习语法友好。 此外，Kotlin提供了许多有用的功能，这些功能可简化日常开发任务，而这是任何其他语言都无法提供的。 这将加快开发时间，同时使您的代码库更易于执行和维护。 除了上述优点外，还有Kotlin Ktor一个用于构建创意Web应用程序的库。

The following code will run embedded web server on localhost:8080 and will install routing and responds with Hello, world! when receiving GET http request for root path:

以下代码将在localhost：8080上运行嵌入式Web服务器，并将安装路由并以Hello，world响应！ 当收到GET http请求的根路径时：

import io.ktor.server.netty.*
import io.ktor.routing.*
import io.ktor.application.*
import io.ktor.http.*
import io.ktor.response.*
import io.ktor.server.engine.*

fun main(args: Array<String>) {
    embeddedServer(Netty, 8080) {
        routing {
            get("/") {
                call.respondText("Hello, world!", ContentType.Text.Html)
            }
        }
    }.start(wait = true)
}

Ktor provides a tool for quickly creating web applications with Kotlin. Whatever type of hosting you choose, Ktor will make heavy use of Kotlin coroutines, so that it’s implemented 100% asynchronously and mainly non-blocking. Ktor library is pretty light-weight and can be extensible through a plugin mechanism.

Ktor提供了使用Kotlin快速创建Web应用程序的工具。 无论您选择哪种托管类型，Ktor都会大量使用Kotlin协程，因此它是100％异步实现的，并且主要是无阻塞的。 Ktor库非常轻巧，可以通过插件机制进行扩展。

One of the greatest advantages associated with Kotlin Ktor is its ability to provide type-safe builders known as Domain-Specific Languages (DSL). Ktor also makes use of such DSLs that allow a user to define the web app’s endpoints in a very precise way.

与Kotlin Ktor相关的最大优势之一是它能够提供类型安全的构建器，称为特定领域语言(DSL)。 Ktor还利用这种DSL，允许用户以非常精确的方式定义Web应用程序的端点。

现代Web应用程序框架： (Modern Web Application Frameworks:)

Frameworks like Ruby on Rails, Angular, Django, Ember.js, Express, MeteorJS allow developers to build and maintain complex web applications following a fast and efficient approach. It is good to hire dedicated web app programmers to edit the app interface and make design without facing technical issues. Web application frameworks are designed to streamline the programming process and promote codes by setting up libraries, app structure, documentation, and guidelines.

像Ruby on Rails，Angular，Django，Ember.js，Express，MeteorJS之类的框架使开发人员可以按照快速有效的方法来构建和维护复杂的Web应用程序。 最好聘请专门的Web应用程序程序员来编辑应用程序界面并进行设计而不会遇到技术问题。 Web应用程序框架旨在通过设置库，应用程序结构，文档和指南来简化编程过程并提升代码。

角度的 (Angular)

Released by Google, Angular is one of the best JavaScript frameworks for web application development. It is a front-end system that is popular among the web app developers as it allows broadening the vocabulary of HTML for web application development.

由Google发布的Angular是用于Web应用程序开发的最佳JavaScript框架之一。 它是一个前端系统，在Web应用程序开发人员中很流行，因为它可以扩展HTML的词汇量以用于Web应用程序开发。

Django的 (Django)

Django is based on the MVT model. For most cases, complex and information-based websites and web apps are made utilizing Django structure. The framework gives better performance and safety efforts when it comes to passwords and client accounts.

Django基于MVT模型。 在大多数情况下，复杂且基于信息的网站和Web应用都是使用Django结构制作的。 该框架在密码和客户帐户方面提供了更好的性能和安全性。

Ember.js (Ember.js)

Ember.js is the best platform for structuring business web applications. Web app programmers attempt their hands with Ember.js for creating single-page web applications.

Ember.js是构建业务Web应用程序的最佳平台。 Web应用程序程序员尝试使用Ember.js来创建单页Web应用程序。

Ruby on Rails (Ruby on Rails)

Ruby on rails is a broadly popular web application framework that is based on the push-based MVC engineering. The Ruby on Rails system is open-source, allowed to utilize the Linux platform.

Ruby on Rails是一种广泛流行的Web应用程序框架，它基于基于推的MVC工程。 Ruby on Rails系统是开源的，允许使用Linux平台。

It is an ideal and elegant web development solution to create amazing websites. Some of the most famous apps built using Ruby on rails are named as Basecamp, Airbnb, Github, Dribble, Fiverr, Crazy egg, Whitepages and Goodreads.

这是创建出色网站的理想且优雅的Web开发解决方案。 使用Ruby on Rails构建的一些最著名的应用程序被命名为Basecamp，Airbnb，Github，Dribble，Fiverr，Crazy egg，Whitepages和Goodreads。

«Here Document» refers to build strings from multiple lines. Following a << you can specify a string or an identifier to terminate the string literal, and all lines following the current line up to the terminator are the value of the string.

«这里文档»是指从多行构建字符串。 在<<之后，您可以指定字符串或标识符以终止字符串文字，并且当前行之后直至终止符的所有行都是字符串的值。

If the terminator is quoted, the type of quotes determines the type of the line-oriented string literal. Notice there must be no space between << and the terminator.

如果用引号引起来，则引号的类型确定面向行的字符串文字的类型。 注意，<<和终止符之间不能有空格。

#!/usr/bin/ruby -w

print <<EOF
   This is the first way of creating
   here document ie. multiple line string.
EOF

print <<"EOF";                # same as above
   This is the second way of creating
   here document ie. multiple line string.
EOF

print <<`EOC`                 # execute commands
    echo hi there
    echo lo there
EOC

print <<"foo", <<"bar"  # you can stack them
    I said foo.
foo
    I said bar.
bar

This will produce the following result:

这将产生以下结果：

This is the first way of creating
   her document ie. multiple line string.
   This is the second way of creating
   her document ie. multiple line string.
hi there
lo there
      I said foo.
      I said bar.

表达 (Express)

Express is based on Node.js web application server system. This is sufficiently perfect to fabricate multi-page apps, websites, and web applications.

Express是基于Node.js Web应用程序服务器系统的。 这对于制造多页应用程序，网站和Web应用程序而言是非常完美的。

流星JS (MeteorJS)

Meteor is also one of the best full-stack JavaScript frameworks to develop single-page web applications. It is an open-source system that is isomorphic in nature. It allows JavaScript to run both on the server-side and the customer side.

Meteor还是开发单页Web应用程序的最佳全栈JavaScript框架之一。 它是一个本质上同构的开源系统。 它允许JavaScript在服务器端和客户端运行。

最新的Web应用程序技术： (Latest Web Application Technologies:)

Developing a web application or a website typically needs 3 to 5 main technologies: JavaScript, CSS, HTML, Ajax, JQuery, and Dojo Toolkit. It sounds quite complex, but once you have the understanding of these web technologies and the way they work it becomes significantly easier for you. Presenting here with an introduction to the latest web technologies list hoping it will make things a bit easier for you. Let’s take a look.

开发Web应用程序或网站通常需要3到5种主要技术：JavaScript，CSS，HTML，Ajax，JQuery和Dojo Toolkit。 这听起来很复杂，但是一旦您了解了这些网络技术及其工作方式，对您来说将变得非常容易。 在此向您介绍最新的Web技术列表，希望它会使您变得更轻松。 让我们来看看。

JavaScript (JavaScript )

JavaScript is a front end programming language used for developing websites, web apps, and games. JavaScript runs on all browsers and supports both functional and object-oriented programming. It is basically best to go for making excellent quality user interfaces, websites, and web apps that look super nice.

JavaScript是用于开发网站，Web应用程序和游戏的前端编程语言。 JavaScript可在所有浏览器上运行，并且支持功能性和面向对象的编程。 基本上最好去制作看起来超级漂亮的高质量用户界面，网站和Web应用程序。

Dynamic module import is one of the new features in Javascript as shown below:

动态模块导入是Javascript中的新功能之一，如下所示：

const main = document.querySelector("main");
  for (const link of document.querySelectorAll("nav > a")) {
    link.addEventListener("click", e => {
      e.preventDefault();

      import(`./section-modules/${link.dataset.entryModule}.js`)
        .then(module => {
          module.loadPageInto(main);
        })
        .catch(err => {
          main.textContent = err.message;
        });
    });
  }

This will allow developers to get full control on how modules get loaded in an app. It catches up the error scenarios and boosts performance by not loading code.

这将使开发人员可以完全控制如何在应用程序中加载模块。 通过不加载代码，它可以赶上错误情况并提高性能。

Optional chaining is another good feature in JavaScript which allows developers to call properties from an object without exploding everything. You can do this like below:

可选链接是JavaScript的另一个不错的功能，它允许开发人员从对象调用属性而无需展开所有操作。 您可以按照以下步骤进行操作：

var lang = {
    en: "English",
    es: "Español",
    fr: "Français"
}
console.log(lang.pt.words)

CSS / HTML (CSS / HTML)

JavaScript is CSS and HTML together they create a group of three front end web development tools. HTML (HyperText Mark-Up Language) is the language of web browsers used to make websites. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) make your website and web app look cool than those awful apps from the early days of the web.

JavaScript是CSS和HTML在一起，它们共同创建了一组三个前端Web开发工具。 HTML(超文本标记语言)是用于制作网站的Web浏览器的语言。 CSS(级联样式表)使您的网站和Web应用看起来比Web早期的那些令人讨厌的应用更酷。

It’s important for businesses to look for web application developers on hire to know about these technologies inside out that will be pretty helpful for you as you can understand how changes in the web apps affect the end-user and development process.

对于企业而言，寻找受聘的Web应用程序开发人员来了解这些技术非常重要，因为您可以了解Web应用程序中的更改如何影响最终用户和开发过程，这将对您非常有帮助。

jQuery查询 (JQuery)

Web app developers use JQuery to add required functionality to web applications they create. JQuery is a useful tool that offers a great level of flexibility and power to web application developers.

Web应用程序开发人员使用JQuery向其创建的Web应用程序中添加所需的功能。 JQuery是一个有用的工具，可为Web应用程序开发人员提供高度的灵活性和强大的功能。

This is one of the popular most technologies among web developers because of its simplicity and ease of use. One of the main benefits of using JQuery is the fact it deals with cross-browser issues and bugs that you would face while developing the process of web application development.

由于它的简单性和易用性，它是Web开发人员中最受欢迎的大多数技术之一。 使用JQuery的主要好处之一是，它可以处理跨浏览器的问题和在开发Web应用程序开发过程中可能遇到的错误。

AJAX (AJAX)

AJAX stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. AJAX is not a programming language or a tool, it is a client-side script that communicates to and from a server/database without the need to follow the process of submitting a web page to the server for processing or a complete page refresh. Ajax is the method of exchanging data with a server and updating parts of a web app without reloading the entire pages of a web app.

AJAX代表异步JavaScript和XML。 AJAX不是编程语言或工具，它是一种客户端脚本，可以与服务器/数据库进行通信，而无需遵循将网页提交给服务器进行处理或完整页面刷新的过程。 Ajax是一种与服务器交换数据并更新Web应用程序的各个部分而无需重新加载Web应用程序的整个页面的方法。

How to load jQuery from the local server & using the ajax() function?

如何从本地服务器加载jQuery并使用ajax()函数？

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="APICall.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.APICall" %>  
    <!DOCTYPE html>  
    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">  
    <head runat="server">  
        <title></title>  
        <script src="jquery-1.7.1.js" type="text/javascript"></script>  
         <script>  
             $(document).ready(function () {  
                 $("#Save").click(function () {  
                     var person = new Object();  
                     person.name = $('#name').val();  
                     person.surname = $('#surname').val();  
                     $.ajax({  
                         url: 'http://localhost:3413/api/person',  
                         type: 'POST',  
                         dataType: 'json',  
                         data: person,  
                         success: function (data, textStatus, xhr) {  
                             console.log(data);  
                         },  
                         error: function (xhr, textStatus, errorThrown) {  
                             console.log('Error in Operation');  
                         }  
                     });  
                 });  
             });  
        </script>  
    </head>  
    <body>  
        <form id="form1">  
            Name :- <input type="text" name="name" id="name" />  
            Surname:- <input type="text" name="surname" id="surname" />  
            <input type="button" id="Save" value="Save Data" />  
        </form>  
    </body>  
    </html>

Above is the implementation of the client-side code where we have configured the ajax() method to communicate with the JSON data. Here, we need to form the data in the object format.

上面是客户端代码的实现，我们在其中配置了ajax()方法以与JSON数据进行通信。 在这里，我们需要以对象格式形成数据。

Dojo工具包 (Dojo Toolkit)

The most popular JavaScript utility is the Dojo Toolkit. While nearly every JavaScript toolkit promises to make things easier for you, the Dojo Toolkit make it true for you. Its modularity will be the key to keeping your web application development fast, maintainable, and prominent.

最受欢迎JavaScript实用程序是Dojo Toolkit。 尽管几乎每个JavaScript工具包都承诺会让您更轻松，但Dojo Toolkit却使它成为现实。 它的模块化将是保持Web应用程序开发快速，可维护和出色的关键。

dojo/dom & dojo / dom和 dojo/dom-construct are Dojo's basic modules used for HTML DOM manipulation. You need to code like below to load these modules and thus using the functionality they are providing: dojo / dom-construct是用于HTML DOM操作的Dojo的基本模块。 您需要像下面这样的代码来加载这些模块，从而使用它们提供的功能：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Tutorial: Hello myDojo!</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1 id="greeting">Hello</h1>
    <!-- load Dojo -->
    <script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/dojo/1.10.4/dojo/dojo.js"
            data-dojo-config="async: true"></script>

    <script>
        require([
            'dojo/dom',
            'dojo/dom-construct'
        ], function (dom, domConstruct) {
            var greetingNode = dom.byId('greeting');
            domConstruct.place('<em> Dojo!</em>', greetingNode);
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>

Dojo Toolkit offers fantastic layouts that include a range of incredible features. The Digit UI also comes with the advanced quality widgets for better layout functionality. Dojo also offers high-performance implementations of a range of popular utilities and offers a simple and lightweight toolkit that is extremely fast and streamlined.

Dojo Toolkit提供了出色的布局，其中包括一系列令人难以置信的功能。 Digit UI还带有高级质量的小部件，以提供更好的布局功能。 Dojo还提供了一系列流行实用程序的高性能实现，并提供了极其快速和精简的简单轻巧的工具箱。

新的Web应用程序开发模型： (New Web Application Development Models:)

Multiple teams are engaged in the development process of web applications. Each organization may set its own unique style of the development process. Some companies follow a standard model SDLC (System Development Lifecycle) and some follow Agile Software Development Model. Let’s know about both the processes in detail:

多个团队参与了Web应用程序的开发过程。 每个组织都可以设置自己独特的开发过程样式。 一些公司遵循标准模型SDLC (系统开发生命周期)，而某些公司遵循敏捷软件开发模型。 让我们详细了解这两个过程：

SDLC模型 (SDLC Model)

SDLC is the process of developing software or web applications including the steps to identify and define the application requirements, architectural design, analysis of information, programming, and testing.

SDLC是开发软件或Web应用程序的过程，包括识别和定义应用程序需求，体系结构设计，信息分析，编程和测试的步骤。

敏捷模型 (Agile Model)

The process of agile web application development is a type of iterative development process that focuses on the collaboration of teams or people involved in the process of web app development. It provides a better way to allow checking, revision, and analysis of web application requirements. The agile methodology includes the following steps — research, analysis, project management, design, programming, implementation, testing, adaptation, and maintenance.

敏捷Web应用程序开发过程是一种迭代开发过程，其重点在于参与Web应用程序开发过程的团队或人员的协作。 它提供了一种更好的方式来允许检查，修订和分析Web应用程序需求。 敏捷方法包括以下步骤-研究，分析，项目管理，设计，编程，实施，测试，调整和维护。

最后的话： (Final Words:)

Today web applications have a substantial impact on the way companies work. Businesses need to reinvent and implement new technologies before the development of any web application.

如今，Web应用程序对公司的工作方式产生了重大影响。 在开发任何Web应用程序之前，企业需要重新发明和实施新技术。

Modern businesses need to take advantage of the new technologies to have flexibility and versatility in their process of custom web application development. Or, they can contact web application development companies or hire web app developers to take their app development work in a new direction in order to compete in the new market, new trends, and global marketplace.

现代企业需要利用新技术在自定义Web应用程序开发过程中具有灵活性和多功能性。 或者，他们可以联系Web应用程序开发公司或雇用Web应用程序开发人员，将其应用程序开发工作推向新的方向，以便在新市场，新趋势和全球市场中竞争。

翻译自: https://habr.com/en/post/483978/

app开发和web开发