ftp文件传输协议_文件传输协议| FTP | 第1部分

ftp文件传输协议

文件传输协议| 的FTP (File Transfer Protocol | FTP)

FTP (abbreviation for File Transfer Protocol) in the computing industry, the FTP is usually a network process intended for moving data files involving computer systems connected to a TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), depending on client-server architecture. A client computer system can easily hook up to a web server to be able to download information from it as well as to send data files, no matter what operating system is available on each computer system.

FTP(FTP)是计算机行业中的文件传输协议(File Transfer Protocol)的缩写，通常是一个网络进程，用于移动数据文件，该文件涉及到连接到TCP(传输控制协议)的计算机系统，具体取决于客户端-服务器体系结构。 客户端计算机系统可以轻松连接到Web服务器，以便能够从其中下载信息以及发送数据文件，而不管每个计算机系统上有什么操作系统可用。

The FTP program is provided by the Application layer belonging to the shell model of TCP / IP to the user, normally when using the network port 20 and 21. A fundamental issue is the fact that FTP designed present highest possible connection speed, not maximum security, because all the exchange of information, since the user login as well as password on the server until the transfer of any file, executed in simple text with virtually no encryption, so that a potential attacker can capture this particular traffic, access to the particular server, or to appropriate the moved files.

通常，在使用网络端口20和21时，属于TCP / IP外壳模型的应用程序层将FTP程序提供给用户。一个基本问题是，设计的FTP具有最高的连接速度，而不是最高的安全性。 ，因为所有的信息交换，由于用户在服务器上登录以及密码直到传输任何文件，都以简单的文本执行，几乎没有加密，因此潜在的攻击者可以捕获这种特定的流量，访问特定的服务器，或适当地移动文件。

To resolve this issue are extremely valuable programs for example scp as well as sftp, SSH contained in the package, however that can transport data files by means of encrypting all traffic.

要解决此问题，软件包中包含非常有价值的程序，例如scp以及sftp和SSH，但是它们可以通过加密所有流量来传输数据文件。

In the year 1968, ARPANET was created as being a compact network connected with very few computer systems which transported data from one another making use of packet switched (which would be later on used in developing the Internet), and 3 years afterward a group of MIT research workers introduced The perfect Protocol for transmitting files over the Internet. It absolutely was an exceptionally straightforward protocol based on the e-mail system but installed the research regarding future file transfer protocol (FTP).

1968年，ARPANET被创建为一个紧凑的网络，与很少的计算机系统相连，这些计算机系统使用分组交换来相互传输数据(以后将用于开发Internet)，三年后，麻省理工学院的研究人员介绍了通过Internet传输文件的完美协议。 它绝对是基于电子邮件系统的非常简单明了的协议，但是安装了有关未来文件传输协议(FTP)的研究。

In the year 1985, 15 years following the initial proposal, ending the development of even existing protocol for the Internet file transfer (FTP), dependent on the doctrine of client-server.

1985年，即最初的提议之后的15年，根据客户端-服务器的理论，甚至结束了用于Internet文件传输(FTP)的现有协议的开发。

The fantastic Internet boom generated in the year 1995. This year could possibly be regarded as the birth of the business Internet. Consequently the progress has surpassed almost all expectations. This season the World Wide Web FTP overcomes turned out to be the recommended service network following the preceding year exceeded in recognition.

互联网的繁荣发展始于1995年。这一年可以看作是商务互联网的诞生。 因此，进展超过了几乎所有的期望。 这个季节，万维网FTP克服了被认可为超过前一年的推荐服务网络。

With the development associated with Internet, as well as web browsers, and is not required to understand the complicated instructions of FTP, this protocol may be used by inputting the web address belonging to the web server you would like to connect with the web browser, showing that ftp: // we are going to connect with an FTP server rather than a web server (which is http: //).

随着Internet和网络浏览器的发展，并且不需要了解FTP的复杂指令，可以通过输入属于您要与网络浏览器连接的网络服务器的网址来使用此协议，显示ftp：//我们将连接到FTP服务器而不是Web服务器(它是http：//)。

The initial variant of File Transfer Protocol RFC 114 has been released on the April 16, 1971, and also soon after supplanted by RFC 765 (June 1980) as well as RFC 959 (October 1985), the version now utilized. Quite a few have suggested other possibilities to the 1985 version, such as RFC 2228 (June 1997) which proposes security extensions as well as RFC 2428 (September 1998) that provides support with regard to IPv6 as well as defines an innovative method of passive mode.

文件传输协议RFC 114的初始变体已于1971年4月16日发布，并在不久之后被RFC 765(1980年6月)和RFC 959(1985年10月)所取代。 不少人提出了1985年版本的其他可能性，例如提出安全扩展的RFC 2228(1997年6月)以及为IPv6提供支持并定义了一种创新的被动模式方法的RFC 2428(1998年9月)。 。

FTP模式 (The FTP Model)

In the model, the protocol interpreter (PI) end user starts the control connection on port 21. Standard FTP instructions will be produced by the IP user and also transmitted on the server process through the control connection. The typical responses are generally routed through the IP belonging to the server to user IP control connection in response to.

在该模型中，协议解释器(PI)最终用户在端口21上启动控制连接。标准FTP指令将由IP用户生成，并通过控制连接在服务器进程上传输。 典型地，响应通常通过属于服务器的IP路由到用户IP控制连接。

These kinds of assignments lay down guidelines for that FTP data connection (data port, transfer mode, representation type as well as structure) as well as the characteristics of the operation on the file system (store, retrieve, add, delete, and so on. ). The data transfer process (DTP) end user as well as various other processes in position, you need to wait right until the server begins the web link to the chosen data port (port 20 in active mode or maybe standard) as well as transfer data based on given parameters that are specified.

这些类型的分配为该FTP数据连接(数据端口，传输模式，表示类型以及结构)以及文件系统上的操作特征(存储，检索，添加，删除等)确定了准则。 )。 数据传输过程(DTP)最终用户以及其他各种过程都在适当的位置，您需要立即等待服务器开始将Web链接到所选数据端口(活动模式中的端口20或标准端口)，以及传输数据基于指定的给定参数。

FTP服务器 (FTP Server)

An FTP server is a exclusive application which operates over a server typically linked to the Internet (although it may be linked to other forms of networks, LAN, MAN, or anything else. ). It has the functionality to enable the exchange of data between web servers / computer systems.

FTP服务器是专用应用程序，可在通常链接到Internet的服务器上运行(尽管它可以链接到其他形式的网络，LAN，MAN或其他任何形式)。 它具有启用Web服务器/计算机系统之间的数据交换的功能。

Generally, FTP server applications are not usually associated with personal computers, so that a individual generally will make use of FTP for connecting remotely to one and therefore swap information.

通常，FTP服务器应用程序通常不与个人计算机关联，因此个人通常会利用FTP远程连接到一个服务器，从而交换信息。

Probably the most popular purposes of FTP web servers are usually used in the field of web hosting, where users utilize the service in order to upload the website pages and associated data files, or maybe as a backup server (backup) associated with data files which may have great value for the user. To get this done, you will find FTP communication protocols to transfer encrypted information, for instance SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol).

FTP Web服务器的最流行用途通常用于网络托管领域，在该领域中，用户利用服务来上传网站页面和关联的数据文件，或者用作与数据文件关联的备份服务器(备份)。对用户可能具有巨大的价值。 为此，您将找到FTP通信协议来传输加密的信息，例如SFTP(安全文件传输协议)。

客户端FTP (Client FTP)

When a web browser is not pre-loaded with the FTP, or perhaps in order to distribute files to a remote laptop or computer, it is advisable to make use of an FTP client application. An FTP client is an application which is set up on the user’s personal computer, which usually utilizes the FTP protocol for connecting to an FTP server and exchange information, often with regard to download or upload.

当Web浏览器未预加载FTP时，或者为了将文件分发到远程笔记本电脑或计算机时，建议使用FTP客户端应用程序。 FTP客户端是在用户的个人计算机上设置的应用程序，通常使用FTP协议连接FTP服务器并交换信息，通常涉及下载或上传。

To make use of an FTP client, you should know the name belonging to the file, the computer where it exists (server, for downloading), the computer you wish to transfer the particular document (if we desire to upload to the server), as well as the folder where it belongs.

要使用FTP客户端，您应该知道文件的名称，文件所在的计算机(用于下载的服务器)，希望传输特定文档的计算机(如果我们希望上传到服务器)，以及它所属的文件夹。

Some simple FTP clients in console mode are usually included into operating systems, which includes Microsoft Windows, DOS, GNU / Linux as well as Unix. Even so, users are also provided with good GUI options.

控制台模式下通常会包含一些简单的FTP客户端，这些操作系统包括Microsoft Windows，DOS，GNU / Linux和Unix。 即使这样，也为用户提供了良好的GUI选项。

匿名访问 (Anonymous access)

Anonymous FTP servers provide their services by way of letting having access to the information without needing a ‘USER ID’ or even some sort of user account. It can be probably the most user-friendly approach a web service to let everybody gain access to specific data without needing to create user accounts to have that access.

匿名FTP服务器通过允许访问信息而无需提供“用户ID”或什至某种用户帐户的方式来提供服务。 它可能是最简单的Web服务方法，它使每个人都可以访问特定数据，而无需创建用户帐户就可以访问该数据。

In case a web server offers service as ‘anonymous FTP’, then by simply keying in the term “anonymous” when prompted, the user can access in to that web server’s system. A person needs absolutely no default security password; nevertheless, he will need to key in a password for only that time. Typically one needs to utilize the email address alone. This is done to get access to FTP data files, however it will give access only with much less privileges when compared to a normal user having full access by inputting a user name with a password. Generally it is possible to just read and additionally copy files that are present, but it will not grant permissions to alter or even generate new data files.

如果Web服务器以“匿名FTP”的形式提供服务，则只要在出现提示时简单地键入术语“匿名”，用户就可以访问该Web服务器的系统。 一个人绝对不需要默认的安全密码。 不过，他只需要在此期间输入密码。 通常，一个人需要单独使用电子邮件地址。 这样做是为了获得对FTP数据文件的访问权限，但是与通过输入用户名和密码进行完全访问的普通用户相比，该访问权限仅具有少得多的特权。 通常，可以只读取并另外复制存在的文件，但是它不会授予更改甚至生成新数据文件的权限。

A person can typically work with anonymous file transfer protocol application towards storing sizable documents, for example software programs as well as reserve web servers (HTTP) in order to hold textual data meant for browsing on the internet.

一个人通常可以与匿名文件传输协议应用程序一起使用，以存储可观的文档，例如软件程序以及备用Web服务器(HTTP)，以便保存用于在Internet上浏览的文本数据。

用户访问 (User Access)

In order to get access privileges to almost any portion of the FTP server document, changing the present data files, as well as have power to upload data files, it needs a proper user account. On the server it helps to save the data from various user accounts which also can access it through proper authentication (also called the login or log-in) and a secure password that will distinctly recognizes the user.

为了获得对FTP服务器文档的几乎任何部分的访问权限，更改当前数据文件以及有权上载数据文件，它需要一个正确的用户帐户。 在服务器上，它有助于保存来自各种用户帐户的数据，这些帐户也可以通过适当的身份验证(也称为登录或登录)和安全的密码来访问该帐户，该密码可以清楚地识别用户。

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翻译自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/file-transfer-protocol-ftp-part-1-2/

ftp文件传输协议