深度学习工作开展_深入开展深度工作：新经济中的两项核心能力

深度学习工作开展

by Bar Franek

由Bar Franek

深入开展深度工作：新经济中的两项核心能力 (Going Deeper on Deep Work: Two Core Abilities for Thriving in the New Economy)

爱深层工作的更多理由 (A Few More Reasons To Love Deep Work)

I had no idea my first article about deep work and the Pomodoro technique would resonate so well with people. I don’t know what Medium considers viral, but over 50,000 views in 10 days must mean you’re interested in this topic.

我不知道有关深度研究的第一篇文章以及番茄番茄技术会在人们中引起如此大的共鸣。 我不知道Medium认为病毒性病毒是什么，但是10天内超过50,000次观看必须表示您对这个主题感兴趣。

If you’re not familiar with deep work, I can’t recommend Cal Newport’s book Deep Work enough.

如果您不熟悉深度学习，那么我不会推荐Cal Newport的书《 深度学习》 。

The thesis is simple. As human beings, we get distracted. More than ever because of the technology that’s designed to get our attention and engage us.

论文很简单。 作为人类，我们分心。 凭借旨在吸引我们的注意力并吸引我们的技术，比以往任何时候都更加重要。

So we have to take responsibility and fight back. We have to shut off and block the things that are going to distract us.

因此，我们必须承担责任并进行反击。 我们必须关闭并阻止将使我们分心的事情。

Not forever, but certainly during the time we’re learning or working on hard things.

不是永远的，但是可以肯定的是，在这段时间里我们正在学习或努力工作。

Hard things are the disciplines that need weeks, months, or years of in-depth practice. Programming is a hard thing. Creativity is a hard thing. Writing is a hard thing. (The struggle to write this article without repeating myself has been a very hard thing.)

困难的事情是需要数周，数月或数年的深入实践的学科。 编程是一件难事。 创造力是一件难事。 写作是一件难事。 (撰写本文而不重复自己的努力是一件非常困难的事情。)

Removing distraction is a small, albeit very important, aspect of deep work.

消除分心是深度工作的一个小方面，尽管非常重要。

To get the most out of your talent and skills in today’s economy, you need to get great at two more things.

要在当今经济中充分利用自己的才能和技能，您还需要在两件事上脱颖而出。

新经济中的两个核心能力 (Two Core Abilities for Thriving in the New Economy)

1. The ability to quickly master hard things

1.快速掌握困难事物的能力

2. The ability to produce at an elite level, in terms of both quality and speed.

2. 在质量和速度方面都具有一流水平的生产能力。

— Deep Work p. 29

— 深度工作 p。 29

Let’s break these two abilities down.

让我们分解这两种能力。

1.快速掌握困难事物的能力 (1. The Ability to Quickly Master Hard Things)

What exactly, should you master?

您到底应该 掌握什么？

For programmers, this depends on the person and where you’re at in your career. It’s going to be different for everybody, but I want to put emphasis on focus once more.

对于程序员而言 ，这取决于人员和您在职业生涯中所处的位置。 每个人的情况都会有所不同，但我想再次强调重点 。

You don’t need to learn every new language and framework, backend and frontend, that comes out. That is a recipe for having shallow knowledge of a lot of things. What’s the saying, “jack of all trades, master of none”?

您不需要学习所有出现的新语言和框架(后端和前端)。 那是对很多事情有较浅知识的秘诀。 这是什么意思，“万事通，万事通”？

Master the basics. Master the fundamentals. Master the best practices. Master soft skills like communication.

掌握基础知识。 掌握基础知识。 掌握最佳做法。 掌握沟通等软技能。

Master the skill of deep work. It’s a tool that gives you the ability to learn something hard in a reasonable amount of time.

掌握深入工作的技能。 它是使您能够在合理的时间内学到一些困难的工具。

Then, master one aspect. It can be frontend, backend, databases, data visualization, build processes, testing, whatever. If you’re in user experience, master prototyping or conducting user interviews. If you’re into writing, master copywriting or fiction.

然后，掌握一个方面。 它可以是前端，后端，数据库，数据可视化，构建过程，测试等。 如果您具有用户体验，请熟练制作原型或进行用户访谈。 如果您喜欢写作，请掌握文案写作或小说创作。

For programmers, yes technology moves fast and requires change within an organization. But a large majority of your time is spent in one aspect of the development process. When needs change, you’ll need to know how to learn and master whatever the new need may be.

对于程序员来说，是的，技术日新月异，需要组织内部的变革。 但是您的大部分时间都花在了开发过程的一个方面。 当需求变化时，您将需要知道如何学习和掌握新的需求。

As your knowledge of one specific aspect grows, your domain knowledge grows at the same time. This makes you more of an expert and makes mastery of the next specific thing easier.

随着您对某一特定方面的知识的增长，您的领域知识也会同时增长。 这使您更像专家，并使对下一个特定事物的掌握更加容易。

For freelancers, specialization is even more important.

对于自由职业者来说 ，专业化甚至更为重要。

Do you like spending time applying to tons of jobs, never getting them because there are always specialists better than you? Do you like using non-billable hours getting “up to speed” on some software or tool when you finally land a gig? Do you like spending a month to deliver something that would have taken a week if you knew what you were doing? Do you like never being able to raise your rates?

您是否喜欢花时间申请大量工作，而总因为专家比您还好，所以他们从来没有得到过工作？ 当您最终找到演出时，您是否喜欢使用非计费时间来“加速”某些软件或工具？ 如果您知道自己在做什么，是否愿意花一个月的时间来交付可能需要一周才能完成的工作？ 您是否喜欢永远无法提高利率？

Or would you rather be a “$90/h Laravel expert” or “$125/h copywriter specializing in the medical field”?

还是您更愿意成为“每小时$ 90的Laravel专家”或“每小时$ 125的医学专业撰稿人”？

For side projects and single founders, you actually might end up with a general knowledge of a lot of things.

对于辅助项目和单一创始人 ，您实际上可能最终对很多事情有了一般的了解。

But really you’re mastering the art of problem solving and shipping. This means getting your stuff out in front of people, getting feedback, and solving problems. Then iterating and improving, getting a better version of your stuff in front of more people.

但是，实际上您正在掌握解决问题和运输的艺术。 这意味着要在人们面前展示自己的东西，获得反馈并解决问题。 然后进行迭代和改进，在更多人面前获得更好的版本。

2.在质量和速度两方面都具有出色水平的生产能力 (2. The Ability to Produce at an Elite Level, in terms of both Quality and Speed)

Beginners will spend most of their time learning, but eventually it will be time to go pro.

初学者将大部分时间都花在学习上，但最终还是该成为专业人士了。

There are so many great sites on the internet for learning something that it can be overwhelming. freeCodeCamp is just one resource that teaches you very valuable programming topics, for free. Hundreds of sites, free and paid, have sprouted up over the years.

互联网上有很多很棒的网站供您学习 ，以至于无法理解。 freeCodeCamp 只是一种资源，可以免费教您非常有价值的编程主题。 数以百计的网站，免费和收费的，多年来已经兴起。

You can be learning forever because the rate that this stuff is produced is faster than the rate at which you can take it in.

您可以永远学习，因为这种东西的生产速度快于您可以吸收的速度。

In a way, its another distraction that we have to train ourselves to manage or avoid.

在某种程度上，这是我们必须训练自己去管理或避免的另一种干扰。

Knowledge without implementation is useless. If you’re not creating and producing based on what you learn, then you’re procrastinating because of fear.

没有执行的知识是没有用的。 如果您不是根据所学知识进行创造和生产，那么您会因为恐惧而拖延。

You’re scared to Show Your Work. You’re scared that you’re not good enough or no one will like what you’ve done, or worse, no one will care.

您不敢展示自己的作品 。 您担心自己不够出色，或者没人会喜欢您所做的事情，或者更糟的是，没人会在意。

It’s safe to keep learning and never make anything.

继续学习是绝对安全的。

But you have to produce.

但是你必须生产。

The words “produce at an elite level” seem daunting. Are you not good enough if you’re not one of the best in the world? Absolutely not.

“精英生产”一词似乎令人生畏。 如果您不是世界上最好的之一，您还不够好吗？ 绝对不。

At the very least, let’s start with the job you were hired to do.

至少，让我们从被雇用要做的工作开始。

Delivering good work, on time, is good, if not great, for most companies. Delivering great work, on or ahead of schedule, is considered elite. Deep work allows you to do that, even as a beginner.

对于大多数公司而言，准时交付良好的工作对他们来说是件好事，即使不是很好。 按计划或提前交付出色的工作被认为是精英。 深入的工作使您即使初学者也可以做到这一点。

When you get better at deep work, and when you get better at your skill or field over time, that’s when the quality and quantity of your output grows exponentially.

当您在深层工作中变得更好时，并且随着时间的推移而在技能或领域上变得更好时，这就是输出的质量和数量成倍增长的时候。

Think of a flywheel. At first, you apply a lot force to rotate it a little. But the energy you spent is still there, stored in the momentum. When you stop applying energy, it begins to slow down. When you apply more energy, it moves faster and faster. Keep applying energy to the momentum and at a certain point its moving so fast it can’t be stopped. (Physics people don’t be mad if I butchered this analogy)

想想飞轮 。 首先，您需要施加很大的力使其稍微旋转。 但是，你所消耗的能量仍然存在，并储存在动量中 。 当您停止施加能量时，它开始变慢。 当您施加更多能量时，它运动的越来越快。 继续向动量施加能量，并在某一时刻动量如此之快，以至于无法停止。 (如果我挑剔了这个类比，物理学家们就不会生气)

Multiply the force of deep work with the force of learning something hard, to produce higher quality at a faster rate.

将深层工作的力量与艰苦学习的力量相乘，以更快的速度产生更高的质量。

反馈对于质量至关重要 (Feedback is Essential for Quality)

One quick note on feedback. You have to get feedback to measure and improve your quality.

关于反馈的简短说明。 您必须获得反馈，以衡量和提高质量。

Quality can mean a lot of things. For example, code quality:

质量可能意味着很多事情。 例如，代码质量：

“Beautiful code is short and concise, so if you were to give that code to another programmer they would say, ‘oh, that’s well written code.’ It’s much like as if you were writing a poem” — Deep Work p.89

“漂亮的代码简短明了，因此，如果您将该代码提供给另一位程序员，他们会说：'哦，那是写得很好的代码。' 就像您在写诗一样” – Deep Work p.89

Quality is broader than that though. Quality is how the outside world views and reacts to your output. You may have a quality product, but if no one wants it, that’s poor quality (in terms of your bank account.)

质量比这更广泛。 质量是外界如何看待并响应您的输出的。 您可能有一个优质的产品，但是如果没人要，那就是劣质产品(就您的银行帐户而言)。

If you work on a team, you should always be getting your code reviewed and communicating with your colleagues, managers, and product people to ensure you’re going in the right direction. It doesn’t matter how fast you write code. If the code causes more problems then it solves, you won’t last long.

如果您在团队中工作，则应该始终对代码进行审查，并与同事，经理和产品人员进行沟通，以确保您朝着正确的方向前进。 编写代码的速度无关紧要。 如果代码导致更多问题然后解决，您将不会持续很长时间。

If you’re a founder or working on a side project, you have to get your product out in front of the public to start getting feedback. The feedback will tell you if people like or don’t like your product. That’s quality, in terms of product-market fit.

如果您是创始人或正在从事辅助项目，则必须将产品展示在公众面前，以开始获得反馈。 反馈将告诉您人们是否喜欢您的产品。 就产品与市场的契合度而言，这就是质量。

You cannot disappear to a basement for six months to build the next cool thing that everyone will want. That is not deep work.

您不可能在六个月内消失在地下室来构建每个人都想要的下一个有趣的东西。 那不是深层次的工作。

That is your ego cheering you on, fooling you into thinking you’re doing the right thing. But that is how you disappoint yourself when you finally emerge and the world tells you buzz off.

那是您的自我鼓舞，欺骗您以为自己在做正确的事情。 但是，当您最终出现时，这会让您感到失望，世界告诉您一切。

Using deep work to learn hard things quickly and produce at a high level is great for your career. But did you know its also great for your mental health and well-being?

使用深入的工作来快速学习艰苦的事情并取得高水平的成就对您的职业生涯非常有用。 但是您知道它对您的心理健康也很重要吗？

深度工作让您热爱自己的工作 (Deep Work Lets You Love What You Do)

“It follows that to embrace deep work in your own career, and to direct it toward cultivating your skill, is an effort that can transform a knowledge work job from a distracted, draining obligation, into something satisfying — a portal to a world full of shining, wondrous things.” — Deep Work p.91

“随之而来的是，要在自己的职业生涯中从事深入的工作，并将其引导到培养自己的技能上，这是一项努力，可以使知识型工作岗位从分散的，枯竭的义务转变为令人满意的东西—通向充满世界的门户闪亮，奇妙的事物。” — 深入研究 p.91

What’s a better way to approach your work? Staring at the clock waiting for 5pm so you can go home and binge Netflix?

有什么更好的方法来处理您的工作？ 盯着时钟等待下午5点，这样您就可以回家狂欢Netflix吗？

Or being really good at something, and getting recognized for the skills and abilities that you’ve build up over the years?

还是真正擅长某事，并因您多年来积累的技能和能力而受到认可？

That should be a easy decision.

那应该是一个容易的决定。

There’s a popular saying that you should “follow your passion so you’ll never work another day in your life.”

有一种流行的说法，你应该“跟随自己的激情，这样就不会再有工作了。”

That’s simply not true for most people.

对于大多数人而言，事实并非如此。

For one, a lot of people don’t have passions. Maybe we do, but it’s very hard to define. I’m one of those people. I enjoy and love a lot of things, but I couldn’t tell you one thing that I’m truly ‘passionate’ about.

首先，很多人没有激情。 也许可以，但是很难定义。 我就是其中之一。 我喜欢和喜欢很多东西，但我无法告诉您我真正“充满激情”的一件事。

Next, monetizing your passion is a great way to start hating your passion. There’s a whole lot of not-fun stuff involved with running a business. When it doesn’t go well, you start to resent the passion that got you into the mess in the first place.

接下来，将您的激情货币化是开始讨厌您的激情的好方法。 经营企业涉及很多不愉快的事情。 当进展不顺利时，您会开始反感最初让您陷入混乱的激情。

It’s a risky bet to “follow your passion” when its not genuine. It’s also risky bet to commercialize your passion too much (like when artists “sell out” and start hating what they do.)

当这不是真的时，“跟随您的激情”是冒险的选择。 过多地将您的激情商业化也是冒险的(例如当艺术家“卖光”并开始讨厌他们的工作时)。

Instead, you become passionate about something when you get great at it.

取而代之的是，你成为充满激情的东西，当你得到它巨大的。

You end up loving the challenge and the sense of accomplishment that doing your work brings (see the next section on flow).

您最终会爱上工作所带来的挑战和成就感(请参阅下一节“流程”)。

I’m not passionate about programming. I will never write a book about algorithms or coding patterns.

我对编程没有热情。 我永远不会写有关算法或编码模式的书。

But I love what I do because I’m good at it. Everyday I stretch my skills and understanding a little more than yesterday. Some days I concentrate on learning something new (like finally figuring out how to configure Webpack). Others days I revisit some shoddy code I wrote a year ago to try and make it better.

但是我喜欢我做的事，因为我很擅长。 我每天都比昨天更多地延伸自己的技能和理解力。 有几天我专注于学习新知识(例如终于弄清楚如何配置Webpack)。 有时候，我会重温我一年前编写的一些伪劣代码，以尝试使其变得更好。

Yes, some people do have passions and do make a great living with them. People with natural talents like singers and athletes fall into this category. But natural gifts are discovered early, so the feedback loop of challenge and reward develops much sooner.

是的，有些人确实有激情， 也做出了巨大的生活和他们在一起。 具有天赋的人(例如歌手和运动员)属于此类。 但是自然礼物是较早发现的，因此挑战和奖励的反馈回路发展得更快。

For the rest of us, its disingenuous to tell people that the only way they’ll ever be happy in life is “to follow your passion.”

对于我们其他人而言，告诉别人他们生活中唯一快乐的唯一方式就是“跟随您的热情”。

深度工作创造流程 (Deep Work Creates Flow)

Before you even heard the word flow or deep work, there had to have been a time in your earlier life where you were lost in your work or hobby. When hours flew by. Perhaps you were learning an instrument or getting into painting. Or you just discovered freeCodecamp.org and crushed 10 lessons in a day.

在您甚至还没有听说过“流动”或“深入工作”这两个词之前，您早年一定有一段时间迷失了工作或爱好。 几小时过去了。 也许您正在学习一种乐器或正在绘画。 或者您只是发现了freeCodecamp.org，并一天粉碎了10堂课。

For some unexplained reason, you felt happy. And you were proud of what you ultimately created, and that made you happy too.

由于某些无法解释的原因，您感到高兴。 您为自己最终创造的东西感到自豪，这也使您感到高兴。

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi studied and popularized the term flow back in the 80’s and 90’s. If you want to read more about flow, he’s written a few books on the topic.

Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi在80年代和90年代研究并普及了流这个术语。 如果您想了解有关流量的更多信息，他就该主题写了几本书 。

“‘The best moments usually occur when a person’s body or mind is stretched to its limits in a voluntary effort to accomplish something difficult and worthwhile.’

“'最好的时刻通常是在一个人的身体或思想被自愿伸张以达到困难和有价值的事情的极限时发生的。”

[…] studies confirmed, the more such flow experiences that occur in a given week, the higher the subject’s life satisfaction. Human beings, it seems, are at their best when immersed deeply in something challenging.” — Deep Work p.84

[…]研究证实，在给定的一周中发生的此类流动经历越多，受试者的生活满意度就越高。 当人们深深地沉浸在具有挑战性的事物中时，人类似乎处于最佳状态。” — 深度学习 p.84

Finding flow can be very elusive. It’s hard to quantify and its definitely one of those “you’ll know it when you see it” type of things.

寻找流程可能非常难以捉摸。 很难量化，这绝对是其中一种“看到时就会知道”的东西。

“In work (and especially knowledge work), to increase the time you spend in a state of depth is to leverage the complex machinery of the human brain in a way that for several different neurological reasons maximizes the meaning and satisfaction you’ll associate with your working life.” — Deep Work p.82

“在工作(尤其是知识工作)中，增加花在深度状态上的时间就是利用人脑的复杂机制，这种方式可以出于多种神经学原因而最大化与之相关的意义和满意度您的工作生活。” — 深度学习 p.82

You are guaranteed to find more flow doing deep work than you ever will when living a distracted life.

保证您在分心的生活中从事深层工作的人比以往任何时候都多。

深入的工作使您更好地避免在其他地方分心 (Deep Work Makes You Better at Avoiding Distraction Elsewhere)

When you train the deep work muscle, it overflows into other aspects of your life.

当您训练深层工作肌肉时，它会渗入您生活的其他方面。

You get better at avoiding the trivial distractions that make us feel like crap. Is there anything worse than feeling like you’re not good enough because you scrolled past someone’s vacation post on Instagram? The fear of missing out is a real thing.

您会更好地避免让我们感到无聊的琐碎干扰。 有什么比您因为在Instagram上浏览某人的度假帖子而感觉自己不够出色的感觉还差的东西吗？ 害怕错过的机会是真实的。

Facebook, Instagram, and all the rest are highlight reels. We filter out all the crap in our lives and post only the best moments to these platforms. So you’re comparing this very second of your life to someone’s best moment of their best day of the past few months? What’s that going to get you besides some misery?

Facebook，Instagram和其他所有内容都是亮点。 我们过滤掉生活中所有的垃圾，仅将最佳时刻发布到这些平台上。 因此，您正在将人生的第二秒与某人过去几个月中最好的时光进行比较吗？ 除了一些痛苦之外，还能使您得到什么？

Instead, learn to go deeper with your leisure time. Reading a fiction book, gardening, housework, whatever. Turn off your phone and do only the thing you’re supposed to be doing until its done and done well.

相反，学会在闲暇时间更深入。 读小说，园艺，做家务等等。 关闭手机，然后只做您应该做的事情，直到做完为止。

深入的工作为重要的事情创造了更多的时间 (Deep Work Creates More Time for Important Things)

Focused, deep work is concentrated time. When you’re doing it right, you create more time for your family, friends, and leisure.

专注，深入的工作是集中的时间。 如果做得对，您会为家人，朋友和休闲时间创造更多时间。

Compare that to a life that’s wired for distraction, so much that you look for distraction to feel good. Or a life that doesn’t shut off from busyness. When you’re constantly checking email, getting pinged by notifications, and dealing with non-emergencies, you can seem “busy” from the moment you wake up to the moment you fall asleep. “Sorry I don’t have time for you, I’m busy.”

相比之下，这种生活会分散注意力，让您寻找分散注意力的感觉。 或是生活不会因忙碌而中断。 当您不断检查电子邮件，通过通知查验ping并处理非紧急情况时，从您醒来的那一刻到您入睡的那一刻，您似乎显得“很忙”。 “对不起，我没有时间陪你，我很忙。”

What are we doing this all for if its not to enjoy life and the people around us?

如果不享受生活和我们周围的人，我们怎么办呢？

Not only can you free up more time, but you can go deeper on your relationships too.

您不仅可以腾出更多时间，而且可以更深入地处理人际关系。

I (well, most developers) cannot stand the 90% of recruiters who spam cookie-cutter job descriptions. They send the same message to dozens of other developers, changing only the first line. [Hi, First name!] There’s zero quality to the relationship because they’re only focused on quantity.

我(嗯，大多数开发人员)无法忍受90％的垃圾邮件切工职位描述的招聘人员。 他们将相同的消息发送给其他数十名开发人员，仅更改第一行。 [嗨，名字！]关系的质量为零，因为它们只关注数量。

But I will absolutely work with a recruiter that has read up on my background, and understands what kind of jobs I would be a good fit for. Great recruiters take you out to lunch to have a thoughtful conversation.

但是，我绝对会与招聘人员合作，该招聘人员已经阅读了我的背景知识，并且了解我最适合的工作。 优秀的招聘人员带您出去吃午餐，进行周到的交谈。

It’s so rare but so valuable. And its valuable because its rate. Its not easy to learn to listen and put some effort into a relationship. In a way, it’s deep work.

它是如此罕见，但如此宝贵。 而它的价值在于它的价值。 学习倾听并为建立关系付出一些努力并不容易。 在某种程度上，这是一项艰巨的工作。

Any freelancer can do the shallow work of emailing 100 random businesses with a copy-pasted cold email. “Hi, this is all of the work I’ve done and how great I am. You should hire me!”

任何自由职业者都可以通过复制粘贴的冷电子邮件向100个随机企业发送电子邮件，进行浅层工作。 “嗨，这是我所做的所有工作，以及我的成就。 你应该雇用我！”

It takes a lot of effort to carefully review ten business websites so you can provide each one with free advice on how to improve their business.

仔细审查十个商业网站需要花费大量精力，因此您可以为每个网站提供有关如何改善其业务的免费建议。

Or it takes a lot of effort to organize a meet-up for developers in your area so everyone can learn from each other.

或者为组织您所在地区的开发人员的聚会而花费很多精力，以便每个人都可以互相学习。

The point is creating value for others isn’t easy. Learning to have a conversation and a meaningful relationship isn’t easy. But doing these things are far fulfilling and effective than living a shallow life.

关键是要为他人创造价值并不容易。 学习进行对话和建立有意义的关系并不容易。 但是，做这些事情比过着肤浅的生活要有意义和有效得多。

你走之前 (Before You Go)

If you liked this article, give me a follow on Medium (Bar Franek). It lets me know that you fine folks enjoy my writing and I should do more of it. I have one more article in the works about the types of deep work with a few more actionable techniques.

如果您喜欢本文，请在Medium( Bar Franek )上给予我关注。 它使我知道，你们好人们喜欢我的写作，我应该做更多。 我的作品中还有另一篇关于深度工作类型的文章，其中介绍了一些可行的技术。

The books I talked about in this post

我在这篇文章中谈论的书

• Deep Work by Cal Newport. I can’t recommend this book enough.

  Cal Newport的《 深入工作》 。 我对这本书的推荐不够。

• Show Your Work by Austin Kleon. Great short read for creatives and programmers alike.

  奥斯汀·克莱恩(Austin Kleon) 展示作品 。 非常适合广告主和程序员的简短阅读。

• Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. I read one of his books a long time ago and I can’t remember if it was this one.

  流程： Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi 的最佳体验心理学 。 我很久以前就读过他的一本书，我不记得是否是这本书。

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/going-deeper-on-deep-work-two-core-abilities-for-thriving-in-the-new-economy-6c7667b4eed6/

深度学习工作开展