如何以及为什么应该使用Node.js构建物联网设备

In this article, we will discuss why and how you can use Node.js for the server-side of your Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

在本文中，我们将讨论为什么以及如何将Node.js用于物联网(IoT)设备的服务器端。

了解商机 (Understand the business opportunity)

In 2019, the market revenue of IoT reached $212 billion. There are about 26.66 billion connected IoT devices worldwide, and this number is set to reach 75.44 billion by 2025.  

2019年， 物联网的市场收入达到2120亿美元。 全球约有266.6亿个联网的IoT设备，到2025年，这一数字将达到754.4亿。

The UN estimates that, in February 2020, the world population is currently 7.7 billion people. Simple math tells us that the average person owns around 3 to 4 IoT devices. Do you have one? Maybe a smartwatch? A smart TV? Or a smart car?

联合国估计，到2020年2月， 世界人口目前为77亿。 简单的数学告诉我们，普通人拥有大约3到4个IoT设备。 你是否有一个？ 也许是智能手表？ 智能电视？ 还是智能车？

Moving further, the population is expected to reach 8.1 billion people in 2025. The same math calculation shows us that, in 2025, an  average person will have from 9 to 10 smart devices in their possession.

进一步发展，预计2025年人口将达到81亿。相同的数学计算表明，到2025年，普通人将拥有9到10台智能设备。

Do you see where I am going with this? Do you want to join this lucrative market niche and make your IoT device one of these 9 to 10?

你知道我要去哪里吗？ 您是否想加入这个利润丰厚的市场领域，并使您的物联网设备成为这9到10的其中之一？

选择正确的框架 (Choose the right framework)

The client-side of an IoT device is represented by the hardware itself. It is programmed with C, C++, or Lua – low-level and difficult programming languages. But there is not much you can do about it because of hardware limitations.

物联网设备的客户端由硬件本身表示。 它使用C，C ++或Lua(低级且困难的编程语言)进行编程。 但是由于硬件限制，您对此无能为力。

Along with high performance, users of IoT devices prioritize low cost and energy-efficiency. Thus, at least for now, you should keep working with low-level languages.

除了高性能之外，物联网设备的用户还优先考虑低成本和高能效。 因此，至少到目前为止，您应该继续使用低级语言。

On the other hand, the server side of IoT applications offers you more freedom of choice. Here, you are not limited by the hardware, so you can choose any coding language and framework you prefer.

另一方面，物联网应用程序的服务器端为您提供了更多选择的自由。 在这里，您不受硬件的限制，因此可以选择任何喜欢的编码语言和框架。

I believe that the right one is Node.js. Here is why.

我相信正确的是Node.js。 这就是为什么。

Node.js快速高效 (Node.js is fast and performant)

First of all, any IoT device is constantly working with dynamically changing data. This means that you need a framework which can handle real-time applications and heavy data flows.

首先，任何物联网设备都在不断地处理动态变化的数据。 这意味着您需要一个可以处理实时应用程序和大量数据流的框架。

Node.js is built on Google’s V8 JS engine, which is highly effective and perfectly scalable. Thanks to this feature, Node.