python转义序列_Python中的转义序列

python转义序列

Escape sequences allow you to include special characters in strings. To do this, simply add a backslash (\) before the character you want to escape.

转义序列允许您在字符串中包括特殊字符。 为此，只需在要转义的字符之前添加反斜杠( \ )。

For example, imagine you initialized a string with single quotes:

例如，假设您使用单引号初始化了一个字符串：

s = 'Hey, whats up?'
print(s)

Output:

输出：

Hey, whats up?

But if you include an apostrophe without escaping it, then you will get an error:

但是，如果您在没有转义的情况下加入了撇号，则会出现错误：

s = 'Hey, what's up?'
print(s)

Output:

输出：

File "main.py", line 1
    s = 'Hey, what's up?'
                   ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

To fix this, just escape the apostrophe:

要解决此问题，只需跳过撇号：

s = 'Hey, what\'s up?'
print(s)

To add newlines to your string, use \n:

要在字符串中添加换行符，请使用\n ：

print("Multiline strings\ncan be created\nusing escape sequences.")

Output:

输出：

Multiline strings
can be created
using escape sequences.

An important thing to remember is that, if you want to include a backslash character in a string, you will need to escape that. For example, if you want to print a directory path in Windows, you'll need to escape each backslash in the string:

要记住的重要一点是，如果要在字符串中包含反斜杠字符，则需要对此进行转义。 例如，如果要在Windows中打印目录路径，则需要对字符串中的每个反斜杠进行转义：

print("C:\\Users\\Pat\\Desktop")

Output:

输出：

C:\Users\Pat\Desktop

原始字符串 (Raw strings)

A raw string can be used by prefixing the string with r or R, which allows for backslashes to be included without the need to escape them. For example:

可以通过在字符串前面加上r或R来使用原始字符串，从而可以包含反斜杠而无需对其进行转义。 例如：

print(r"Backslashes \ don't need to be escaped in raw strings.")

Output:

输出：

Backslashes \ don't need to be escaped in raw strings.

But keep in mind that unescaped backslashes at the end of a raw string will cause and error:

但是请记住，在原始字符串末尾使用未转义的反斜杠会引起错误：

print(r"There's an unescaped backslash at the end of this string\")

Output:

输出：

File "main.py", line 1
    print(r"There's an unescaped backslash at the end of this string\")
                                                                      ^
SyntaxError: EOL while scanning string literal

常见的转义序列 (Common escape sequences)

Escape Sequence	Meaning
\	Backslash (\)
'	Single quote (')
"	Double quote (")
\n	ASCII Linefeed (adds newline)
\b	ASCII Backspace

转义序列	含义
\	反斜杠( \ )
'	单引号( ' )
”	双引号( " )
\ n	ASCII换行符(添加换行符)
\ b	ASCII退格键

A full list of escape sequences can be found here in the Python docs.

转义序列的完整列表，可以发现这里的Python文档。

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/escape-sequences-python/

python转义序列