是否可以在Java方法中同时使用abstract和final？

No, it is not possible to use abstract and final both with a method simultaneously.

不，不可能同时使用abstract和final两种方法。

• We can use abstract only with a method without final and it is valid and the code will execute without error.

  我们只能将抽象与没有final的方法一起使用，并且它是有效的，并且代码将正确执行。

• Similarly, we can use final only with a method without abstract and it is valid and the code will execute without error.

  同样，我们只能将final与没有抽象的方法一起使用，并且它是有效的，并且代码将正确执行。

• As we know that, we can't use abstract and final both with a method simultaneously because there are two things to discuss:

  众所周知，我们不能同时使用abstract和final两种方法，因为有两件事需要讨论：

• First, if we declare abstract with method then the abstract method need to override (i.e. abstract method must be overridden in its implementation class).

  首先，如果我们用方法声明了abstract，则需要重写abstract方法(即，必须在其实现类中重写abstract方法)。

• Second, if we declare final with method then the final method is final and we can't override the method (i.e. final method must not be overridden in its implementation class).

  其次，如果我们用方法声明final，那么final方法就是final并且我们不能覆盖该方法(即，不得在其实现类中覆盖final方法)。

• Few points need to remember about abstract and final method:

  关于抽象和最终方法，需要记住的几点：

  1. What will happen, if we use abstract only with a method?
  2. What will happen, if we use final only with a method?
  3. What will happen, if we use abstract and final both with a method?

We will see each of the above cases one by one with the help of an example...

在示例的帮助下，我们将逐一看到上述每种情况。

1)在Java方法中使用“抽象”关键字 (1) Using "abstract" keyword with a method in Java)

Example:

例：

// Java program to demonstrate the example of
// using "abstract" keyword with a method 

abstract class AbstractMethodClass {
    // Abstract Method Declaration
    abstract void display();
}

public class Main extends AbstractMethodClass {
    // override display() of AbstractMethodClass
    public void display() {
        System.out.print("abstract specifiers are allowed" + " ");
        System.out.print("for Methods");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // class instantiation
        Main m = new Main();
        // calling display() of Main class
        m.display();
    }
}

Output

输出量

abstract specifiers are allowed for Methods

Conclusion: We can use only abstract without final for the methods.

结论：我们只能使用摘要而不使用final作为方法。

2)在Java方法中使用“ final”关键字 (2) Using "final" keyword with a method in Java)

Example:

例：

// Java program to demonstrate the example of
// using "final" keyword with a method 

class FinalMethodClass {
    // Final Method Definition
    final void display() {
        System.out.print("final specifier is allowed" + " ");
        System.out.print("for Methods");
    }
}

public class Main extends FinalMethodClass {
    // show() method definition
    public void show() {
        System.out.print("final method is not overridable");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // class instantiation
        Main m = new Main();
        FinalMethodClass fmc = new FinalMethodClass();

        // calling display() of FinalMethodClass 
        fmc.display();

        System.out.println();
        // calling display() of Main

        m.show();
    }
}

Output

输出量

final specifier is allowed for Methods
final method is not overridable

Conclusion: We can use only final without abstract for the methods.

结论：我们只能使用final而不使用abstract作为方法。

3)在Java方法中同时使用“ abstract”和“ final”关键字 (3) Using "abstract" and "final" keyword both with a method in Java)

Example:

例：

// Java program to demonstrate the example of
// using "abstract" and "final" keyword both 
// with a method 

class AbstractFinalMethodClass {
    // Abstract Method Declaration
    abstract void display();
    // Final Method Definition
    final void show() {
        System.out.print("final method is not overridable");
    }
}

public class Main extends AbstractFinalMethodClass {
    // override display() of AbstractFinalMethodClass
    public void display() {
        System.out.println("abstract method is overridable");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Main class object instantiation
        Main m = new Main();

        // AbstractFinalMethodClass object instantiation
        AbstractFinalMethodClass afmc = new AbstractFinalMethodClass();

        // calling display() of Main class
        m.display();

        // calling show() of AbstractFinalMethodClass 
        afmc.show();
    }
}

Output

输出量

/Main.java:5: error: AbstractFinalMethodClass is not abstract and 
does not override abstract method display() in AbstractFinalMethodClass
class AbstractFinalMethodClass {
^
1 error

Conclusion: We cannot use both abstract and final with the methods because the abstract method overrides in its implementation class but the final method cannot override in its implementation class.

结论：我们不能同时使用abstract和final方法，因为abstract方法在其实现类中被覆盖，而final方法不能在其实现类中被覆盖。

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/java/is-it-possible-to-use-abstract-and-final-both-with-a-method-in-java.aspx