什么是Telnet? (What is Telnet ?)
Telnet is an old network protocol that is used to connect to remote systems over a TCP/IP network. It connects to servers and network equipment over port 23. Let’s take a look at Telnet command usage.
Telnet是一种旧的网络协议,用于通过TCP / IP网络连接到远程系统。 它通过端口23连接到服务器和网络设备。让我们看一下Telnet命令的用法。
免责声明 (Disclaimer)
- Telnet is not a secure protocol and is thus NOT RECOMMENDED!. This is because data sent over the protocol is unencrypted and can be intercepted by hackers. Telnet不是安全协议,因此不建议使用! 。 这是因为通过协议发送的数据未加密,并且可以被黑客拦截。
- Instead of using telnet, a more preferred protocol to use is SSH which is encrypted and more secure 代替使用telnet,更优选使用的协议是SSH ,它经过加密且更安全
Let’s see how you can install and use the telnet protocol.
让我们看看如何安装和使用telnet协议。
安装Telnet (Installing Telnet)
In this section, we will walk you through the process of installing telnet in RPM and DEB systems.
在本节中,我们将引导您完成在RPM和DEB系统中安装telnet的过程。
在CentOS 7 / RHEL 7中安装Telnet (Installation of Telnet in CentOS 7 / RHEL 7)
To begin the installation process on the server, run the command
要在服务器上开始安装过程,请运行以下命令
# yum install telnet telnet-server -y
Sample Output
样本输出
Next, Start and enable the telnet service by issuing the command below
接下来,通过发出以下命令启动并启用telnet服务
# systemctl start telnet.socket
# systemctl enable telnet.socket
Sample Output
样本输出
Next, allow port 23 which is the native port that telnet uses on the firewall.
接下来,允许端口23,这是telnet在防火墙上使用的本机端口。
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=23/tcp
Finally, reload the firewall for the rule to take effect.
最后,重新加载防火墙以使规则生效。
# firewall-cmd --reload
Sample Output
样本输出
To verify the status of telnet run
验证telnet的运行状态
# systemctl status telnet.socket
Sample Output
样本输出
Telnet protocol is now ready for use. Next, we are going to create a login user.
Telnet协议现在可以使用了。 接下来,我们将创建一个登录用户。
创建登录用户 (Creating a login user)
In this example, we will create a login user for logging in using the telnet protocol.
在此示例中,我们将创建一个登录用户,以使用telnet协议登录。
# adduser telnetuser
Create a password for the user.
为用户创建密码。
# passwd telnetuser
Specify the password and confirm.
指定密码并确认。
To use telnet command to log in to a server, use the syntax below.
要使用telnet命令登录到服务器,请使用以下语法。
$ telnet server-IP address
For example
例如
$ telnet 38.76.11.19
In the black console, specify the username and password.
在黑色控制台中,指定用户名和密码。
To login using putty, enter the server’s IP address and click on the ‘Telnet’ radio button as shown.
要使用腻子登录,请输入服务器的IP地址,然后单击“ Telnet”单选按钮,如图所示。
Finally, click on the ‘Open’ button. On the console screen, provide the username and password of the user
最后,点击“打开”按钮。 在控制台屏幕上,提供用户的用户名和密码
在Ubuntu 18.04中安装Telnet (Installation of Telnet in Ubuntu 18.04)
To install telnet protocol in Ubuntu 18.04 execute:
要在Ubuntu 18.04中安装telnet协议,请执行:
$ sudo apt install telnetd -y
Sample Output
样本输出
To check whether telnet service is running, execute the command.
要检查telnet服务是否正在运行,请执行命令。
$ systemctl status inetd
Sample Output
样本输出
Next, we need to open port 23 in ufw firewall.
接下来,我们需要在ufw防火墙中打开端口23。
$ ufw allow 23/tcp
Sample Output
样本输出
Finally, reload the firewall to effect the changes.
最后,重新加载防火墙以使更改生效。
$ ufw reload
Telnet has been successfully installed and ready for use. Like in the previous example in CentOS 7, you need to create a login user and log in using the same syntax.
Telnet已成功安装并可以使用。 与CentOS 7中的上一个示例一样,您需要创建一个登录用户并使用相同的语法登录。
使用telnet检查开放端口 (Using telnet to check for open ports)
Telnet can also be used to check if a specific port is open on a server. To do so, use the syntax below.
Telnet也可以用于检查服务器上是否打开了特定端口。 为此,请使用以下语法。
$ telnet server-IP port
For example, to check if port 22 is open on a server, run
例如,要检查服务器上端口22是否打开,请运行
$ telnet 38.76.11.19 22
Sample Output
样本输出
摘要 (Summary)
This tutorial is an educational guide that shows you how to use telnet protocol. We HIGHLY DISCOURAGE the use of telnet due to the high-security risks it poses due to lack of encryption. SSH is the recommended protocol when connecting to remote systems. The data sent over SSH is encrypted and kept safe from hackers.
本教程是一本教育性指南,向您展示如何使用telnet协议。 我们强烈不鼓励使用telnet,这是由于缺乏加密会带来很高的安全风险。 连接到远程系统时,建议使用SSH协议。 通过SSH发送的数据经过加密,可以防止黑客入侵。
翻译自: https://www.journaldev.com/28614/telnet-command-linux-unix