Android TabLayout和ViewPager

最新推荐文章于 2024-12-04 16:21:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-12-04 16:21:39 发布

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原文链接：https://www.journaldev.com/12958/android-tablayout-viewpager

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In this tutorial we’ll be implementing a ViewPager under the TabLayout that we’d already implemented in this tutorial.

在本教程中，我们将在我们已经在本教程中实现的TabLayout下实现ViewPager。

Android TabLayout ViewPager概述 (Android TabLayout ViewPager Overview)

ViewPagers are used to swipe through pages of data. It’s generally used in conjunction with fragments.
Let’s modify our layout from the previous tutorial as below.

ViewPagers用于在数据页面之间滑动。它通常与片段结合使用。
让我们从上一教程中修改我们的布局，如下所示。

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="https://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    tools:context="com.journaldev.tablayoutviewpager.MainActivity">

    <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">

        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbar"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"
            app:layout_scrollFlags="scroll|enterAlways"
            app:popupTheme="@style/AppTheme.PopupOverlay" />

        <android.support.design.widget.TabLayout
            android:id="@+id/tabs"
            style="@style/MyStyle"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            app:tabGravity="fill"
            app:tabMode="fixed" />

    </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>


    <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
        android:id="@+id/viewPager"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior" />


    <android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton
        android:id="@+id/fab"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom|end"
        android:layout_margin="@dimen/fab_margin"
        android:src="@android:drawable/ic_dialog_email" />

</android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

Before we add up our ViewPager in the MainActivity, let’s set up it’s adapter.

在MainActivity中添加ViewPager之前，让我们设置它的适配器。

public class ViewPagerAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {

    public ViewPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
        super(fm);
    }

    @Override
    public Fragment getItem(int position) {
        Fragment fragment = null;
        if (position == 0)
        {
            fragment = new FragmentA();
        }
        else if (position == 1)
        {
            fragment = new FragmentB();
        }
        else if (position == 2)
        {
            fragment = new FragmentC();
        }
        return fragment;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return 3;
    }

    @Override
    public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) {
        String title = null;
        if (position == 0)
        {
            title = "Tab-1";
        }
        else if (position == 1)
        {
            title = "Tab-2";
        }
        else if (position == 2)
        {
            title = "Tab-3";
        }
        return title;
    }
}

The above ViewPagerAdapter extends the FragmentPagerAdapter. It invokes three Fragments, one for each of its pages. Each of the fragments holds a ListView as shown below

上面的ViewPagerAdapter扩展了FragmentPagerAdapter 。它调用三个片段，每个页面一个。每个片段都具有一个ListView，如下所示

fragment_list.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<ListView xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/list"/>

The FragmentA(/B/C).java is given below:

FragmentA（/ B / C）.java如下所示：

public class FragmentA extends Fragment {


    ListView list;

    public FragmentA() {
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment, container, false);

        list = (ListView) view.findViewById(R.id.list);
        ArrayList stringList= new ArrayList();

        stringList.add("Item 1A");
        stringList.add("Item 1B");
        stringList.add("Item 1C");
        stringList.add("Item 1D");
        stringList.add("Item 1E");
        stringList.add("Item 1F");
        stringList.add("Item 1G");
        stringList.add("Item 1H");
        stringList.add("Item 1I");
        stringList.add("Item 1J");
        stringList.add("Item 1K");
        stringList.add("Item 1L");
        stringList.add("Item 1M");
        stringList.add("Item 1N");
        stringList.add("Item 1O");
        stringList.add("Item 1P");
        stringList.add("Item 1Q");
        stringList.add("Item 1R");
        stringList.add("Item 1S");
        stringList.add("Item 1T");
        stringList.add("Item 1U");
        stringList.add("Item 1V");
        stringList.add("Item 1W");
        stringList.add("Item 1X");
        stringList.add("Item 1Y");
        stringList.add("Item 1Z");

        CustomAdapter adapter = new CustomAdapter(stringList,getActivity());
        list.setAdapter(adapter);

        return view;
    }
}

The CustomAdapter.java class for the above ListView is:

上述ListView的CustomAdapter.java类为：

public class CustomAdapter extends ArrayAdapter {

    private ArrayList dataSet;
    Context mContext;

    // View lookup cache
    private static class ViewHolder {
        TextView txtName;

    }

    public CustomAdapter(ArrayList data, Context context) {
        super(context, R.layout.row_item, data);
        this.dataSet = data;
        this.mContext = context;

    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public String getItem(int position) {
        return dataSet.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

        ViewHolder viewHolder; // view lookup cache stored in tag

        if (convertView == null) {

            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(getContext());
            convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.row_item, parent, false);
            viewHolder.txtName = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.name);
            convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
        } else {
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
        }

        viewHolder.txtName.setText(getItem(position));
        // Return the completed view to render on screen
        return convertView;
    }
}

The MainActivity.java class is given below

MainActivity.java类如下所示

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    TabLayout tabLayout;
    ViewPager viewPager;
    ViewPagerAdapter viewPagerAdapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

        FloatingActionButton fab = (FloatingActionButton) findViewById(R.id.fab);
        fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Snackbar.make(view, "Replace with your own action", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)
                        .setAction("Action", null).show();
            }
        });

        viewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.viewPager);
        viewPagerAdapter = new ViewPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
        viewPager.setAdapter(viewPagerAdapter);
        tabLayout = (TabLayout) findViewById(R.id.tabs);
        tabLayout.setupWithViewPager(viewPager);
    }

}

In the above code setupWithViewPager() is used to join the TabLayout with the ViewPager.
The getPageTitle() method in the FragmentPagerAdapter is used to set the title of each of the Tabs. Let’s look at output when the above code is run

在上面的代码中， setupWithViewPager()用于将TabLayout与ViewPager结合在一起。
FragmentPagerAdapter中的getPageTitle()方法用于设置每个选项卡的标题。让我们看一下上面代码运行时的输出

Question : Why isn’t the ToolBar scrolling as per the scrollFlags set?

问题：为什么ToolBar不能按scrollFlags设置滚动？

It’s due to the ListView. The CoordinatorLayout doesn’t support the ListView(it’s not a part of Material Design) and it’s scrolling gestures. Hence it’s recommended to use RecyclerView instead.

这是由于ListView 。 CoordinatorLayout不支持ListView（它不是Material Design的一部分），而是滚动手势。因此，建议改用RecyclerView。

Note: Fragments that belong to a CoordinatorLayout activity need to use NestedScrollView or RecyclerView as parent to allow the scrolling gestures to work correctly.

注意：属于CoordinatorLayout活动的片段需要使用NestedScrollView或RecyclerView作为父对象，以允许滚动手势正确工作。

Before we replace our ListView implementation in the application, let’s wrap the current fragment’s layout with a NestedScrollView as shown below.

在我们在应用程序中替换ListView实现之前，让我们用NestedScrollView包装当前片段的布局，如下所示。

fragment_list.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<android.support.v4.widget.NestedScrollView xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <ListView xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:id="@+id/list"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</android.support.v4.widget.NestedScrollView>

Let’s see how the application behaves now:

让我们看看应用程序现在的行为：

Whoops, the scrolling is fixed but the ListView is displaying only one row now. Hence a ListView should not be used with our Material Design view types. Let’s fix the application now.

糟糕，滚动是固定的，但ListView现在仅显示一行。因此，ListView不应与我们的“材料设计”视图类型一起使用。现在修复该应用程序。

Android TabLayout ViewPager项目结构 (Android TabLayout ViewPager Project Structure)

Android TabLayout ViewPager示例代码 (Android TabLayout ViewPager Example Code)

The activity_main.xml, MainActivity.java and ViewPagerAdapter.java classes are unchanged. Let’s look at the Fragments now.

activity_main.xml，MainActivity.java和ViewPagerAdapter.java类保持不变。现在让我们看一下碎片。

The layout of the fragments is given below.

片段的布局如下。

fragment.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" />

The FragmentA(/B/C).java is given below

FragmentA(/B/C).java如下所示

package com.journaldev.tablayoutviewpager;


import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class FragmentA extends Fragment {

    RecyclerView recyclerView;

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView = inflater.inflate(
                R.layout.fragment, container, false);
        return rootView;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        String[] items = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.tab_A);
        RecyclerViewAdapter adapter = new RecyclerViewAdapter(items);
        recyclerView = (RecyclerView) view.findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(getContext());
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);

    }
}

We’ve shifted the data to be displayed into the strings.xml file.
It’s defined there as

我们已经将要显示的数据移到了strings.xml文件中。
在这里定义为

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">TabLayoutViewPager</string>
    <string name="action_settings">Settings</string>

    <string-array name="tab_A">
        <item>Item 1A</item>
        <item>Item 1B</item>
    </string-array>

    <string-array name="tab_B">
        <item>Item 2A</item>
    </string-array>
</resources>

Note: We’ve optimised our fragment code logic such that it populates the adapter and displays it once the view is created.

注意：我们已经优化了片段代码逻辑，以便它填充适配器并在创建视图后显示适配器。

The RecyclerViewAdapter.java has a string array as the argument.
The code for it is given below.

RecyclerViewAdapter.java具有一个字符串数组作为参数。
其代码如下。

public class RecyclerViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter {

    String[] items;

    public RecyclerViewAdapter(String[] items) {
        this.items = items;
    }

    @Override
    public TextItemViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.recycler_view_list_item, parent, false);
        return new TextItemViewHolder(view);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(TextItemViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.bind(items[position]);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return items.length;
    }
}

In the above code we’ve added a custom RecyclerViewHolder class that has a layout similar to list items.

在上面的代码中，我们添加了一个自定义的RecyclerViewHolder类，该类的布局类似于列表项。

The TextItemViewHolder.java class is given below.

下面给出TextItemViewHolder.java类。

public class TextItemViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
    private TextView textView;


    public TextItemViewHolder(View itemView) {
        super(itemView);
        textView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.list_item);
    }

    public void bind(String text) {
        textView.setText(text);
    }

}

The layout for the above custom ViewHolder is:

上述自定义ViewHolder的布局为：

recycler_view_list_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/list_item"
        android:textSize="18sp"
        android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        android:paddingRight="8dp"
        android:paddingLeft="8dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <View
        android:id="@+id/separator"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="1dp"
        android:background="#858585" />
</LinearLayout>

The output of the application in action is given below

实际应用程序的输出如下

The layout structure resembles that of the WhatsApp Application. To make it more similar do the following changes:

布局结构类似于WhatsApp应用程序的布局结构。为了使其更相似，请进行以下更改：

Import and add the two menu icon drawables
导入并添加两个菜单图标可绘制对象
Inflate them in the MainActivity.java in the onCreateOptionsMenu()
在onCreateOptionsMenu()的MainActivity.java中为它们充气
Change the colorPrimary and colorPrimaryDark to #00897B and #00796B respectively
将colorPrimary和colorPrimaryDark分别更改为＃00897B和＃00796B

To inflate the menu layout add the following method in the MainActivity.java.

要增加菜单布局，请在MainActivity.java中添加以下方法。

@Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);

        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

The menu_main.xml looks like this:

menu_main.xml如下所示：

<menu xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="https://schemas.android.com/tools"
    tools:context="com.journaldev.tablayoutviewpager.MainActivity">
    <item
        android:id="@+id/action_settings"
        android:orderInCategory="100"
        android:title="@string/action_settings"
        app:showAsAction="never" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/action_search"
        android:orderInCategory="100"
        android:title="@string/action_settings"
        android:icon="@drawable/search"
        app:showAsAction="ifRoom" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/action_add"
        android:orderInCategory="100"
        android:title="@string/action_settings"
        android:icon="@drawable/add"
        app:showAsAction="ifRoom" />
</menu>

On doing the above changes you’ll end up with something like this