kettle 流程调度_什么是流程调度？

kettle 流程调度

The act of determining which process is in the ready state, and should be moved to the running state is known as Process Scheduling.

确定哪个流程处于就绪状态并应移至运行状态的动作称为“ 流程计划” 。

The prime aim of the process scheduling system is to keep the CPU busy all the time and to deliver minimum response time for all programs. For achieving this, the scheduler must apply appropriate rules for swapping processes IN and OUT of CPU.

进程调度系统的主要目的是使CPU始终保持忙碌状态，并为所有程序提供最短的响应时间。 为了实现这一点，调度程序必须应用适当的规则来交换CPU的进程IN和OUT 。

Scheduling fell into one of the two general categories:

调度属于以下两个常规类别之一：

• Non Pre-emptive Scheduling: When the currently executing process gives up the CPU voluntarily.

  非抢占式调度：当前执行的进程自愿放弃CPU时。

• Pre-emptive Scheduling: When the operating system decides to favour another process, pre-empting the currently executing process.

  抢占式调度：操作系统决定支持其他进程时，抢占当前正在执行的进程。

什么是调度队列？ (What are Scheduling Queues?)

• All processes, upon entering into the system, are stored in the Job Queue.

  进入系统后，所有进程都存储在Job Queue中 。

• Processes in the Ready state are placed in the Ready Queue.

  处于“ Ready状态的进程被放置在“ 就绪队列”中 。

• Processes waiting for a device to become available are placed in Device Queues. There are unique device queues available for each I/O device.

  等待设备可用的进程位于设备队列中 。 每个I / O设备都有唯一的设备队列。

A new process is initially put in the Ready queue. It waits in the ready queue until it is selected for execution(or dispatched). Once the process is assigned to the CPU and is executing, one of the following several events can occur:

首先将一个新进程放入“ 就绪”队列中 。 它在就绪队列中等待，直到选择执行(或分派)为止。 一旦将进程分配给CPU并正在执行，就会发生以下几种事件之一：

• The process could issue an I/O request, and then be placed in the I/O queue.

  该过程可以发出I / O请求，然后将其放置在I / O队列中 。

• The process could create a new subprocess and wait for its termination.

  该流程可以创建一个新的子流程并等待其终止。

• The process could be removed forcibly from the CPU, as a result of an interrupt, and be put back in the ready queue.

  由于中断，该过程可以从CPU强行删除，然后放回到就绪队列中。

In the first two cases, the process eventually switches from the waiting state to the ready state, and is then put back in the ready queue. A process continues this cycle until it terminates, at which time it is removed from all queues and has its PCB and resources deallocated.

在前两种情况下，该过程最终从等待状态切换到就绪状态，然后将其放回到就绪队列中。 一个过程会继续这个循环，直到终止为止࿰