Linux Diff命令教程，其中包含比较两个文本文件的示例

Comparing files line by line can be done with a tool named diff. There are a lot of different options provided by diff. We will look at the most popular and useful features in this tutorial.

可以使用名为diff的工具逐行比较文件。 diff提供了许多不同的选项。 我们将在本教程中查看最受欢迎和最有用的功能。

句法 (Syntax)

diff has simple syntax. There are options that we will look later and files to be compared.

diff具有简单的语法。 有一些选项供我们稍后查看，并比较文件。

diff [OPTION] FILES

比较两个文件 (Compare Two Files)

In this example, we will compare two files line by line

在此示例中，我们将逐行比较两个文件

$ diff file1 file2

If there is no output after diff operation this means that there is no difference between files.

如果差异操作后没有输出，则表示文件之间没有差异。

In this output, we see that one line is different. > means the second file has one extra line

在此输出中，我们看到一行不同。 >表示第二个文件多了一行

• 3a4 means after line 3 line 4 is added

  3a4表示在添加第3行，第4行之后

We change file and compare again with the same command

我们更改文件并再次使用同一命令进行比较

file1

文件1

This is line 1 
We can resume 
Extra file 
Change the station

file2

文件2

This is line 1 
We can resume 
Change the station 
Forth line

$ diff file1 file2

Compare Two Files

比较两个文件

• 3d2 Lines 3 in the file1 need to be deleted in order to match line 2 in the file2

  3d2文件1中的第3行需要删除，以便与文件2中的第2行匹配

• 4a4 From file2 delete line 4 to match first file line 4

  4a4从file2删除第4行以匹配第一个文件第4行

查看详细差异(View Verbose Diff)

We can list all lines of two files with which lines will add or deleted both files to match each other.

我们可以列出两个文件的所有行，行将添加或删除这两个文件以使它们相互匹配。

$ diff -c file1 file2

View Verbose Diff

查看详细差异

统一模式(Unified Mode)

In a unified view, only one file is shown with related changes like delete or add. It is simpler than verbose mode to review.

在统一视图中，仅显示一个文件，其中包含相关的更改，例如删除或添加。 它比详细模式要简单得多。

$ diff -u file1 file2

Unified Mode

统一模式

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通过Linux示例了解更多补丁命令教程

翻译自: https://www.poftut.com/linux-diff-command-tutorial-with-examples-to-compare-two-text-file/