btrfs zfs_Linux文件系统概述，例如Ext3，Btrfs，Zfs

btrfs zfs

File systems are important part of the operating systems. Files and folders are stored in file system. There are a lot of different type of files systems. We generally uses the Linux distribution provided file system without changing it. ext4  is the most used and stable file system in the Linux ecosystem. There are alternatives too those can be used for specific situations. In this tutorial we will look pros and const of the Linux file systems. File system formatting can be learned from following tutorial.

文件系统是操作系统的重要组成部分。 文件和文件夹存储在文件系统中。 有很多不同类型的文件系统。 我们通常使用Linux发行版提供的文件系统，而无需对其进行更改。 ext4是Linux生态系统中使用最稳定的文件系统。 也有可以用于特定情况的替代方案。 在本教程中，我们将介绍Linux文件系统的优缺点。 文件系统格式可以从以下教程中学习。

Creating File Systems In Linux With mkfs

使用mkfs在Linux中创建文件系统

什么是日记(What is Journaling)

Files are writting to the disk by file system sub module of the operating system. But writing to disk is error prone operation. So file systems and operating systems provides some mechanism to make things reliable. Journaling is writing changes to the disk in a fault tolerant way.

文件由操作系统的文件系统子模块写入磁盘。 但是写入磁盘是容易出错的操作。 因此，文件系统和操作系统提供了一些使事情变得可靠的机制。 日志记录以容错的方式将更改写入磁盘。

分机2 (Ext2)

This is the ancient file system provided by Linux kernel for Linux distributions. It has no jounalling which means open to disk write errors. Ext2 supports maximum 2TB disk to use. Being an old file system makes it more integrated with most of the devices and compatible.

这是Linux内核为Linux发行版提供的古老文件系统。 它没有繁琐的工作，这意味着容易出现磁盘写入错误。 Ext2支持使用最大2TB磁盘。 作为旧文件系统，它可以与大多数设备集成在一起并兼容。

分机3 (Ext3)

Ext3 is the similar version with journaling. Ext3 designed to be backwards compatible with Ext3. Ext2 and Ext3 file systems can be converted vice versa.

Ext3是带有日记功能的类似版本。 Ext3设计为与Ext3向后兼容。 可以转换Ext2和Ext3文件系统，反之亦然。

分机4 (Ext4)

Ext4 is the current default file system for most of the Linux distributions. It is reliable and provides journaling. Ext4 file system provides featured to make writing files to disk in a faster way. Uses extent format which reduces metadata overhead. There is no file count limit.

Ext4是大多数Linux发行版的当前默认文件系统。 它是可靠的并提供日志记录。 Ext4文件系统提供了使以更快的方式将文件写入磁盘的功能。 使用扩展区格式以减少元数据开销。 没有文件数限制。

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Btrfs (Btrfs)

Btrfs is a copy on write file system. Btrfs is focusing on tolarance, repair and easy administration. Btrfs can use file system snapshots easyly without any overhead. Files can be compressed with Btrfs file system to gain more space. Online file system de-fragmentation is an other performance feature.

Btrfs是写文件系统上的副本。 Btrfs专注于宽容，修复和易于管理。 Btrfs可以轻松使用文件系统快照，而不会产生任何开销。 可以使用Btrfs文件系统压缩文件以获取更多空间。 在线文件系统碎片整理是另一个性能功能。

ReiserFS (ReiserFS)

ReiserFS is an old file system which is generally used for mobile devices. ReiserFS have less features which makes it faster than other file systems.

ReiserFS是一个旧文件系统，通常用于移动设备。 ReiserFS具有较少的功能，使其比其他文件系统更快。

ZFS (ZFS)

ZFS is a file system created by Oracle. It mainly focus on ease of administration. It supports partition pools to manage partition easily. It has self healing feature against faults. ZFS can use snapshots like Btrfs.

ZFS是Oracle创建的文件系统。 它主要关注于易于管理。 它支持分区池以轻松管理分区。 它具有自我修复功能，可以防止故障。 ZFS可以使用Btrfs之类的快照。

XFS (Xfs)

Xfs is an old file system. Xfs have similar features to Ext4. Its main focus is performance. Xfs can perform very well with large files. Late writing is another performance feature provided by Xfs

Xfs是旧的文件系统。 Xfs具有与Ext4类似的功能。 它的主要重点是性能。 Xfs可以很好地处理大文件。 延迟写入是Xfs提供的另一个性能功能

乌德夫(Udf)

Udf is file system for CDROM, DVDROM and ISO files. It provides simplycity and ease of use for different type of devices and platforms.

Udf是CDROM，DVDROM和ISO文件的文件系统。 它为不同类型的设备和平台提供了简单性和易用性。

脂肪 (FAT)

FAT is old fashion Windows file system. If we need to support cross platform with file system we can use FAT in Linux systems. FAT have file system size restrictions.

FAT是老式Windows文件系统。 如果需要使用文件系统支持跨平台，则可以在Linux系统中使用FAT。 FAT有文件系统大小限制。

国家旅游局 (Ntfs)

NTFS is new generation file system used in Windows platform. Linux kernel also supports NTFS with different user side modules like ntfs-3g etc. We generally do not prefer NTFS for Linux distributions but it is useful for portable disks.

NTFS是Windows平台中使用的新一代文件系统。 Linux内核还支持具有不同用户端模块(例如ntfs-3g等)的NTFS。我们通常不偏爱NTFS用于Linux发行版，但对便携式磁盘很有用。

翻译自: https://www.poftut.com/overview-linux-file-systems-like-ext3-btrfs-zfs/

btrfs zfs