比较FAT32 vs exFAT vs NTFS文件系统

NTFS, FAT32, and exFAT are popular file systems used in different operating systems and platforms. Actually all of these 3 file systems are related to each other where FAT32 is the first file system designed for Windows operating systems and extended with the exFAT file system but NTFS is designed for a complete replacement for the FAT and exFAT which provides a lot of new features. In this tutorial, we will compare these file systems from different viewpoints like history, compatibility, speed, features, etc.

NTFS，FAT32和exFAT是在不同操作系统和平台上使用的流行文件系统。 实际上，所有这三个文件系统都是相互关联的，其中FAT32是第一个为Windows操作系统设计的文件系统，并使用exFAT文件系统进行了扩展，但是NTFS旨在完全替代FAT和exFAT，从而提供了许多新功能。特征。 在本教程中，我们将从历史，兼容性，速度，功能等不同角度比较这些文件系统。

什么是文件系统？ (What Is A File System?)

The file system is a logical entity which is provided by the operating systems in order to store data properly in a different type of disks. Different file systems provide different attributes for different purposes like performance, reliability, endurance, efficiency, popularity, etc.

文件系统是由操作系统提供的逻辑实体，用于在不同类型的磁盘中正确存储数据。 不同的文件系统为不同的目的提供不同的属性，例如性能，可靠性，耐用性，效率，受欢迎程度等。

什么是NTFS文件系统？ (What Is the NTFS File System?)

NT File System or New Technology File System simply known as NTFS is created as an alternative to the FAT file system. NTFS is the most recent file system provided by Microsoft for its operating systems like Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10 and Windows Server series. The NTFS file system has the following attributes.

NT文件系统或简称为NTFS的新技术文件系统是FAT文件系统的替代方法。 NTFS是Microsoft为Windows Vista，Windows 7，Windows 8，Windows 10和Windows Server系列等操作系统提供的最新文件系统。 NTFS文件系统具有以下属性。

• NTFS has very high storage size limits which are impossible to reach currently.
  NTFS具有很高的存储大小限制，目前尚无法达到。
• NTFS  first appeared in the end-user version of the Windows XP and officially released for the Windows NT.
  NTFS首次出现在Windows XP的最终用户版本中，并正式为Windows NT发布。
• NTFS provides security and permission features to increase file system security.
  NTFS提供安全性和权限功能，以提高文件系统的安全性。
• NTFS provides quick recovery from errors.
  NTFS提供了从错误中快速恢复的功能。
• NTFS can create a backup while actively used by using shadow copies.
  通过使用卷影副本，NTFS可以在积极使用时创建备份。
• NTFS can encrypt the files and folders.
  NTFS可以加密文件和文件夹。
• NTFS can create quotas in order to set limits about disk usage.
  NTFS可以创建配额以设置有关磁盘使用的限制。
• NTFS can work all versions of the Windows operating systems and read-only for most of the Linux distributions and MacOSX.
  NTFS可以使用Windows操作系统的所有版本，并且对于大多数Linux发行版和MacOSX是只读的。