使用替代方法在Linux上安装和管理多个Java版本

On this post, I will guide you on installing Java on your development Linux machine. I decided to do this post after getting some questions on how do I manage multiple java versions in my Development environments if I use something to manage it like Sdkman, which I don't, in this post I will explain why.

在这个行业已有20多年的经验，我已经用许多不同的语言（例如JavaScript，Pascal，Go，Python和其他语言）开发了软件和脚本，但是我主要是一位热情的Java开发人员，并且致力于帮助其他同事开始用Java和Java进行编程。 帮助揭开Java复杂或难以启动的谬论。 Java是用于开发复杂的企业软件的最常用的编程语言，并且由于具有可用的库，IDE和工具，它具有更好的生态系统。

My preferred development environment is Linux so I'd rather use Linux alternatives to manage java SDK installations as it's built-in in Linux and allow you to manage not only java but any other binaries you want to manage and make accessible in your command line when using Linux. I will guide you to the process of installing Java 11 and running your first Hello World application using it.

完整的安装过程将使用命令行。 因此，让我们开始，打开一个终端控制台，然后光盘到您首选的工作目录。

• Make sure to have wget installed.

sudo apt update && sudo apt install wget

• Download openjdk:

wget https://download.java.net/openjdk/jdk11/ri/openjdk-11+28_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz

Can check for updated java 11 versions here: https://jdk.java.net/java-se-ri/11

• Once download finished, add permissions:

chmod +x openjdk-11+28_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz

• Create folder where jdk will be installed

mkdir /usr/lib/jvm/open-jdk-11

• Extract it to /usr/lib/jvm/open-jdk-11 folder you have just created.

tar -xzf ./openjdk-11+28_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz -C /usr/lib/jvm/open-jdk-11 --strip-components=1

• 更新替代方法以添加Java，javac，jshell和jarlist installed version

update-alternatives --list java

• configure java installation

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/open-jdk-11/bin/java 1

• configure javac installation

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/open-jdk-11/bin/javac 1

• configure jar installation

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jvm/open-jdk-11/bin/jar 1

• configure jshell installation

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jshell jshell /usr/lib/jvm/open-jdk-11/bin/jshell 1

• Test installation, get java version:

java -version

• Test installation using jshell

jshell

• Type in

System.out.println("Hello World");

• 击中Ctrl + D退出。

如果您使用上述相同的过程安装了多个Java版本，则可以使用替代方法在它们之间进行切换，

• Display installed versions of java

update-alternatives --display java

• Config the version you want to use:

sudo update-alternatives --config java

现在，您可以从可用列表中选择所需的选项。 就是这样，您已经做好了准备，可以准备工作的本地开发Java环境。

If you want to quick start with creating an API in Java using Spring Boot, make sure you have git and maven installed(sudo apt install git && sudo apt install maven) and check out this Spring Boot Crash Course, it's quite easy and quick to follow.

from: https://dev.to//thegroo/install-and-manage-multiple-java-versions-on-linux-using-alternatives-5e93