下述方法仅适用于一维数组。 在讨论用Java复制数组的不同方法之前,我们将向您展示如何不复制数组。
如何不在Java中复制数组
Java中的数组是对象。 如果您尝试将它们视为变量…可以(!),但是真正要复制的是引用! 。 下面的示例解释了此语句。
HowNOTtoCopyAnArray.java
package com.mkyong.copyarray;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class HowNOTtoCopyAnArray {
public static void main(String[] args){
int[] x = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int[] y = x; //don't copy array like this!
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(x));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(y)+"\n");
x[1] = 22; // y[1] will display 22! same reference
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(x));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(y)+"\n");
y[4] = 55; // x[4] will display 55!
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(x));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(y));
}
}
输出:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 22, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 22, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 22, 3, 4, 55]
[1, 22, 3, 4, 55]
1. Object.clone()
Arrays
从Object
类继承方法,而clone
是其中之一。 如果您需要照原样复制数组,则应使用此方法。
CloneArray.java
package com.mkyong.copyarray;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class CloneArray {
public static void main(String[] args){
int[] x = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int[] y = x.clone();
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(x));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(y)+"\n");
x[1] = 22;
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(x));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(y)+"\n");
y[4] = 55;
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(x));
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(y));
}
}
输出:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 22, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 22, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 55]
2. Arrays.copyOf()
在Arrays
类中,有两种方法可以完全或部分复制数组。 这是copyOf()
方法的示例。
ArraysCopyOfMethod.java
package com.mkyong.copyarray;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class ArraysCopyOfMethod {
public static void main(String[] args){
String[] x = {"one", "two", "three", "four", "five"};
String[] y = Arrays.copyOf(x, x.length);
String[] z = Arrays.copyOf(x, 3); //will copy the 3 first elements of array x
System.out.println("Array x: " + Arrays.toString(x));
System.out.println("Array y: " + Arrays.toString(y));
System.out.println("Array z: " + Arrays.toString(z));
}
}
输出:
Array x: [one, two, three, four, five]
Array y: [one, two, three, four, five]
Array z: [one, two, three]
3. Arrays.copyOfRange()
这是copyOfRange()方法的示例。
ArraysCopyOfRangeMethod.java
package com.mkyong.copyarray;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class ArraysCopyOfRangeMethod {
public static void main(String[] args){
String[] x = {"one", "two", "three", "four", "five"};
String[] y = Arrays.copyOfRange(x, 0, x.length); //full copy of the array
String[] z = Arrays.copyOfRange(x, x.length-2, x.length); //copy only the last 2 elements
System.out.println("Array x: " + Arrays.toString(x));
System.out.println("Array y: " + Arrays.toString(y));
System.out.println("Array z: " + Arrays.toString(z));
}
}
输出:
Array x: [one, two, three, four, five]
Array y: [one, two, three, four, five]
Array z: [four, five]
4. System.arraycopy()
使用System.arraycopy()
您可以控制要复制的源数组中元素的范围,
和预定的位置。
查看System.arraycopy
签名( JavaDoc ):
arraycopy(Object src, int srcPos, Object dest, int destPos, int length)
SystemArrayCopy.java
package com.mkyong.copyarray;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class SystemArrayCopy {
public static void main(String[] args){
String[] x = {"one", "two", "three", "four", "five"};
String[] y = new String[2];
System.arraycopy(x, 3, y, 0, 2);
System.out.println("Array x: " + Arrays.toString(x));
System.out.println("Array y: " + Arrays.toString(y) + "\n");
Object[] z = new Object[5];
System.arraycopy(x, 0, z, 0, 5);
System.out.println("Array z: " + Arrays.toString(z)+"\n");
Integer[] w = {3, 4, 5};
System.out.println("Array w: " + Arrays.toString(w));
//copy from the second value (1) of array w to z and place in the fourth place (3) the 2 values
System.arraycopy(w, 1, z, 3, 2);
System.out.println("Array z: " + Arrays.toString(z));
}
}
输出:
Array x: [one, two, three, four, five]
Array y: [four, five]
Array z: [one, two, three, four, five]
Array w: [3, 4, 5]
Array z: [one, two, three, 4, 5]
注意
别忘了用try catch包围代码,以处理引发的异常