Ant –如何创建一个Java项目

在本教程中，我们将向您展示如何使用Ant构建工具来管理Java项目，进行编译并将其打包到Jar文件中。

使用的技术：

1. Eclipse 4.2
2. 蚂蚁1.9.4
3. JDK 1.7

1.创建一个Java项目

在Eclipse IDE中，创建一个名为“ AntDateUtils”的新Java项目。

2. Java源代码

创建一个新的Java类以打印出当前日期：

src/com/mkyong/core/utils/DateUtils.java

package com.mkyong.core.utils;

import java.util.Date;

public class DateUtils {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		System.out.println(getLocalCurrentDate());
		
	}

	private static Date getLocalCurrentDate() {
		return new Date();		
	}

}

3. build.xml

在项目根文件夹中创建一个新的build.xml ，阅读注释以进行自我解释。

build.xml

<project name="AntJavaProject" default="main" basedir=".">
	<description>
		Create a Java Project (JAR) with Ant build script
	</description>

	<property name="projectName" value="DateUtils" />
	
	<!-- Java sources -->
	<property name="src.dir" location="src" />
	
	<!-- Java classes -->
	<property name="build.dir" location="bin" />
	
	<!-- Output, Jar -->
	<property name="dist.dir" location="dist" />

	<target name="init">
		<!-- Create the time stamp -->
		<tstamp />
		<!-- Create the build directory structure used by compile -->
		<mkdir dir="${build.dir}" />
	</target>

	<target name="compile" depends="init" description="compile the source ">
		<!-- Compile the java code from ${src.dir} into ${build.dir} -->
		<javac includeantruntime="false" srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${build.dir}" />
	</target>

	<target name="dist" depends="compile" description="package, output to JAR">

		<!-- Create the distribution directory -->
		<mkdir dir="${dist.dir}" />

		<!-- Put everything in ${build} into the {$projectName}-${DSTAMP}.jar file -->
		<jar jarfile="${dist.dir}/${projectName}-${DSTAMP}.jar" basedir="${build.dir}" >
		    <manifest>
			<!-- create an executable Jar -->
			<attribute name="Main-Class" value="com.mkyong.core.utils.DateUtils" />
		    </manifest>
		</jar>
	</target>

	<target name="clean" description="clean up">
		<delete dir="${build.dir}" />
		<delete dir="${dist.dir}" />
	</target>
	
	<!-- Default, run this -->
	<target name="main" depends="clean, compile, dist" />
	
</project>

4.蚂蚁构建脚本

完成，尝试一些Ant命令

4.1编译源代码

$ ant compile

build.xml

<target name="compile" depends="init" description="compile the source ">
	<javac includeantruntime="false" srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${build.dir}" />
</target>

4.2将项目打包到可执行的Jar文件中

$ ant dist

build.xml

<target name="dist" depends="compile" description="package, output to JAR">
	<mkdir dir="${dist.dir}" />
	<jar jarfile="${dist.dir}/${projectName}-${DSTAMP}.jar" basedir="${build.dir}">
	  <manifest>
		<attribute name="Main-Class" value="com.mkyong.core.utils.DateUtils" />
	  </manifest>
	</jar>
</target>

4.3删除文件夹

$ ant clean

build.xml

<target name="clean" description="clean up">
	<delete dir="${build.dir}" />
	<delete dir="${dist.dir}" />
</target>

4.4如果没有选项，将执行默认目标，在此示例中，默认目标为main

build.xml

<project name="AntJavaProject" default="main" basedir=".">
	...
	<target name="main" depends="clean, compile, dist" />

$ ant

输出量

Buildfile: /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntDateUtils/build.xml
clean:
   [delete] Deleting directory /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntDateUtils/bin
   [delete] Deleting directory /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntDateUtils/dist
init:
    [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntDateUtils/bin
compile:
    [javac] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntDateUtils/bin
dist:
    [mkdir] Created dir: /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntDateUtils/dist
      [jar] Building jar: /Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntDateUtils/dist/DateUtils-20141030.jar
main:
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 second

最终目录结构

5.测试

5.1在Jar文件中运行一个类。

$ pwd
/Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntDateUtils

$ java -cp dist/DateUtils-20141030.jar com.mkyong.core.utils.DateUtils
Thu Oct 30 17:39:21 MYT 2014

5.2运行可执行的Jar文件

$ pwd
/Users/mkyong/Documents/workspace/AntDateUtils

$ java -jar dist/DateUtils-20141030.jar
Thu Oct 30 17:40:21 MYT 2014

下载源代码

下载它– AntDateUtils.zip （6 KB）

参考文献

1. Apache Ant Hello World官方指南

标记： ant java项目

翻译自: https://mkyong.com/ant/ant-how-to-create-a-java-project/