Gradle – Spring 4 MVC Hello World示例–注释

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-31 13:48:35 发布

cyan20115

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-31 13:48:35 发布

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文章标签：测试 java 开发工具

在本教程中，我们将采用先前的Gradle + Spring MVC XML示例，将其重写以支持@JavaConfig批注配置，而不再需要XML文件。

PS此示例仅适用于Servlet 3.0+容器，例如Tomcat 7或Jetty 9。

使用的技术：

Gradle 2.0
春天4.1.6.RELEASE
Tomcat 7或Jetty 9
Eclipse 4.4
JDK 1.7
登入1.1.3
Boostrap 3

1.项目结构

下载项目源代码并查看项目文件夹结构：

PS没有更多的XML文件，如web.xml或Spring XML配置文件。

2.摇篮

2.1查看build.gradle文件，这应该是不言自明的。

build.gradle

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: 'eclipse-wtp'
//apply plugin: 'jetty' //too old, Jetty 6, use gretty plugin
apply plugin: 'org.akhikhl.gretty'

// JDK 7
sourceCompatibility = 1.7
targetCompatibility = 1.7

repositories {
    mavenLocal()
    mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    compile 'ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:1.1.3'
    compile 'org.springframework:spring-webmvc:4.1.6.RELEASE'
    compile 'javax.servlet:jstl:1.2'
	
    //include in compile only, exclude in the war
    providedCompile 'javax.servlet:servlet-api:2.5'
}

//Gretty Embedded Jetty
buildscript {
  repositories {
    jcenter()
  }

  dependencies {
    classpath 'org.akhikhl.gretty:gretty:+'
  }
}

// Don't use Jetty8, even it's a servlet 3.0+ container, 
// but not support non-jar WebApplicationInitializer scanning.
// It will cause "No Spring WebApplicationInitializer types detected on classpath"
gretty {
  port = 8080
  contextPath = 'spring4'
  servletContainer = 'jetty9' //tomcat7 or tomcat8
}

//For Eclipse IDE only
eclipse {

  wtp {
    component {
      
      //define context path, default to project folder name
      contextPath = 'spring4'
      
    }
    
  }
}

2.2使该项目支持Eclipse IDE。现在，您可以将项目导入Eclipse IDE。

your-project$ gradle eclipse

3. Spring @Configuration

Spring @Configuration及其等效的XML。

3.1 Spring注解配置来扫描服务类。

SpringRootConfig.java

package com.mkyong.helloworld.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({ "com.mkyong.helloworld.service" })
public class SpringRootConfig {
}

等价的XML。

spring-core-config.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd ">
 
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.mkyong.helloworld.service" />

</beans>

3.2扩展了抽象类WebMvcConfigurerAdapter 。

SpringWebConfig.java

package com.mkyong.helloworld.config;
 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;
 
@EnableWebMvc //<mvc:annotation-driven />
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({ "com.mkyong.helloworld.web" })
public class SpringWebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
 
	@Override
	public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
		registry.addResourceHandler("/resources/**")
                        .addResourceLocations("/resources/");
	}
	
	@Bean
	public InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver() {
		InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver 
                         = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
		viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
		viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/jsp/");
		viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
		return viewResolver;
	}
 
}

等价的XML。

spring-web-config.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd ">
 
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.mkyong.helloworld.web" />
 
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/jsp/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>
 
	<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
	 
	<mvc:annotation-driven />
 
</beans>

4. Servlet 3.0+容器

创建一个ServletInitializer类，Servlet 3.0+容器将拾取该类并自动运行它。这是web.xml的替换类

package com.mkyong.helloworld.servlet3;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

import com.mkyong.helloworld.config.SpringRootConfig;
import com.mkyong.helloworld.config.SpringWebConfig;

public class MyWebInitializer extends
		AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
		return new Class[] { SpringRootConfig.class };
	}

	@Override
	protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
		return new Class[] { SpringWebConfig.class };
	}

	@Override
	protected String[] getServletMappings() {
		return new String[] { "/" };
	}

}

等价的XML。

web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	version="2.5">

	<display-name>Gradle + Spring MVC Hello World</display-name>
	<description>Spring MVC web application</description>

	<!-- For web context -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>hello-dispatcher</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>
			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
		</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc-config.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>hello-dispatcher</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<!-- For root context -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-core-config.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

</web-app>

注意
Spring控制器，logback和JSP文件没有变化，因此，源代码在这里不再重复，请参考前面的Gradle + Spring MVC XML示例以获取完整的源代码。

5.演示

5.1运行该项目。 gradle jettyRun以启动嵌入式Jetty容器。

Terminal

your-project$ gradle jettyRun

21:56:34 INFO  Jetty 9.2.10.v20150310 started and listening on port 8080
21:56:34 INFO  spring4 runs at:
21:56:34 INFO    http://localhost:8080/spring4
Press any key to stop the server.
> Building 87% > :jettyRun

5.2 http：// localhost：8080 / spring4 /