Spring MVC –捕获视图页面引发的异常

在这种情况下，控制器返回ModelAndView，并且在呈现JSP视图页面时引发异常，原因是未找到消息代码之一。

org.apache.jasper.JasperException: org.springframework.context.NoSuchMessageException: 
	No message found under code 'Diff.userform.password' for locale 'en_US'.
	
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:549)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:470)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:390)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:334)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722)

引发异常并直接呈现HTTP 500错误页面。

1.问题

全局声明了一个异常处理程序，但仍然无法捕获NoSuchMessageException吗？

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

	private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);
	
	@ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
	public ModelAndView defaultErrorHandler(HttpServletRequest req, 
               Exception e) throws Exception {
		
		logger.error("[URL] : {}", req.getRequestURL(), e);
		
		ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
		mav.addObject("exception", e);
		mav.addObject("url", req.getRequestURL());
		mav.setViewName("error"");
		return mav;
	}
	
}

2.解决方案

不，您无法捕获视图页面引发的异常。 @ExceptionHandler仅用于捕获Controller类抛出的异常。

最好的办法是在web.xml定义一个错误页面

web.xml

<!-- This will catch Http 500 error -->
	<error-page>
	    <error-code>500</error-code>
	    <location>/WEB-INF/views/jsp/error.jsp</location>
	</error-page>
	
	<!-- This will catch any exception -->
	<error-page>
	    <location>/WEB-INF/views/jsp/error.jsp</location>
	</error-page>

注意
告诉我您是否有更好的解决方案🙂

3. Servlet过滤器

另外，您可以创建一个过滤器并拦截Web应用程序上的所有请求。 如果引发任何异常，请将其记录下来或执行任何您想执行的操作。

package com.mkyong.form.web;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

import com.mkyong.form.service.UserService;

public class ErrorHandleFilter implements Filter {

	private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ErrorHandleFilter.class);
	
	//Your custom bean to handle error
	ErrorHandlerSpecialForce errHandle;
	
	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// ...
	}

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
		//Get bean from Spring container
		errHandle = (ErrorHandlerSpecialForce) WebApplicationContextUtils
		  .getRequiredWebApplicationContext(filterConfig.getServletContext())
                  .getBean("errorHandlerSpecialForce");
	}

	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, 
                        FilterChain chain)
			throws IOException, ServletException {

		try {
                        // your code, do whatever
			errHandle.handle(request, response); 
			
			chain.doFilter(request, response);
			
		} catch (Exception ex) {
		
			logger.error("Error : {}", ex); //log it
			request.setAttribute("errorMessage", ex);
			request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/views/jsp/error.jsp")
				.forward(request, response);
			
		}

	}

}

要在过滤器上方注册，请在web.xml声明

web.xml

<!-- must register this, else WebApplicationContext not found -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>
                     org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
                </listener-class>
	</listener>
	
	<filter>
		<filter-name>errorHandlerFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>com.mkyong.form.web.ErrorHandleFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>errorHandlerFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

或在初始化类中声明它。

package com.mkyong.form.config.servlet3;
 
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
import com.mkyong.form.web.ErrorHandleFilter;
 
public class MyWebInitializer extends
	AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
 
	//...
 
	@Override
	protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
		return new Filter[]{new ErrorHandleFilter()};
	}
}

参考文献

1. Spring MVC中的异常处理
2. 如何在Spring MVC中注册Servlet过滤器

标签： 异常 弹簧MVC

翻译自: https://mkyong.com/spring-mvc/spring-mvc-catch-the-exceptions-thrown-by-view-page/