在本教程中,我们向您展示如何使用Java MongoDB API collection.update()
更新文档。
测试数据
假设插入了以下数据/文件。
{
"hosting" : "hostA",
"type" : "vps",
"clients" : 1000
},
{
"hosting" : "hostB",
"type" : "dedicated server",
"clients" : 100
},
{
"hosting" : "hostC",
"type" : "vps",
"clients" : 900
}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostA" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 1000}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostB" , "type" : "dedicated server" , "clients" : 100}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 900}
1.使用$ set的DBCollection.update()
查找托管='hostB'的文档,并将其客户端值从100更新为110。
BasicDBObject newDocument = new BasicDBObject();
newDocument.put("clients", 110);
BasicDBObject searchQuery = new BasicDBObject().append("hosting", "hostB");
collection.update(searchQuery, newDocument);
输出量
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostA" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 1000}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "clients" : 110}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 900}
文件已替换!!
等等,整个“ hostB”文档被另一个新文档替换,这不是我们想要的。
等等,整个“ hostB”文档被另一个新文档替换,这不是我们想要的。
要仅更新特定值,请使用$set
update修饰符。
BasicDBObject newDocument = new BasicDBObject();
newDocument.append("$set", new BasicDBObject().append("clients", 110));
BasicDBObject searchQuery = new BasicDBObject().append("hosting", "hostB");
collection.update(searchQuery, newDocument);
输出量
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostA" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 1000}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostB" , "type" : "dedicated server" , "clients" : 110}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 900}
注意
MongoDB团队应该创建另一个名为DBCollection.replace()
新API,此DBCollection.update()
API中有许多新手,它们被误装了。 同样,要更新特定值,请使用$set
。
2.带有$ inc的DBCollection.update()
本示例说明如何使用$inc
修饰符增加特定值。 在hosting ='hostB'处找到文档,通过将值从100增加到199(100 + 99)= 199来更新它的“客户端”值。
BasicDBObject newDocument =
new BasicDBObject().append("$inc",
new BasicDBObject().append("total clients", 99));
collection.update(new BasicDBObject().append("hosting", "hostB"), newDocument);
输出量
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostA" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 1000}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostB" , "type" : "dedicated server" , "clients" : 199}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 900}
3.具有多个DBCollection.update()
此示例显示了使用multi
参数来更新一组匹配的文档。 查找type ='vps'的文档,将所有匹配的文档的'clients'值更新为888。
BasicDBObject updateQuery = new BasicDBObject();
updateQuery.append("$set",
new BasicDBObject().append("clients", "888"));
BasicDBObject searchQuery = new BasicDBObject();
searchQuery.append("type", "vps");
collection.updateMulti(searchQuery, updateQuery);
//below statement set multi to true.
//collection.update(searchQuery, updateQuery, false, true);
输出量
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostA" , "clients" : "888" , "type" : "vps"}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostB" , "type" : "dedicated server" , "clients" : 100}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "clients" : "888" , "type" : "vps"}
注意
如果更新时未将multi
设置为true。BasicDBObject updateQuery = new BasicDBObject(); updateQuery.append("$set", new BasicDBObject().append("clients", "888")); BasicDBObject searchQuery = new BasicDBObject(); searchQuery.append("type", "vps"); collection.update(searchQuery, updateQuery);
您会注意到只有第一个匹配的文档被更新。
{"_id":{ "$oid" : "x"} , "hosting" : "hostA" , "clients" : "888" , "type" : "vps"} {"_id":{ "$oid" : "x"} , "hosting" : "hostB" , "type" : "dedicated server" , "clients" : 100} {"_id":{ "$oid" : "x"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 900}
要更新一组匹配的文档,您需要将“
multi
”设置为true。
4.完整的例子
结合以上代码片段的完整示例。
package com.mkyong.core;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.DB;
import com.mongodb.DBCollection;
import com.mongodb.DBCursor;
import com.mongodb.Mongo;
import com.mongodb.MongoException;
/**
* Java MongoDB update document
*
* @author mkyong
*
*/
public class UpdateApp {
public static void printAllDocuments(DBCollection collection) {
DBCursor cursor = collection.find();
while (cursor.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(cursor.next());
}
}
public static void removeAllDocuments(DBCollection collection) {
collection.remove(new BasicDBObject());
}
public static void insertDummyDocuments(DBCollection collection) {
BasicDBObject document = new BasicDBObject();
document.put("hosting", "hostA");
document.put("type", "vps");
document.put("clients", 1000);
BasicDBObject document2 = new BasicDBObject();
document2.put("hosting", "hostB");
document2.put("type", "dedicated server");
document2.put("clients", 100);
BasicDBObject document3 = new BasicDBObject();
document3.put("hosting", "hostC");
document3.put("type", "vps");
document3.put("clients", 900);
collection.insert(document);
collection.insert(document2);
collection.insert(document3);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Mongo mongo = new Mongo("localhost", 27017);
DB db = mongo.getDB("yourdb");
// get a single collection
DBCollection collection = db.getCollection("dummyColl");
System.out.println("Testing 1...no $set");
insertDummyDocuments(collection);
// find hosting = hostB, and update the clients to 110
BasicDBObject newDocument = new BasicDBObject();
newDocument.put("clients", 110);
BasicDBObject searchQuery = new BasicDBObject().append("hosting", "hostB");
collection.update(searchQuery, newDocument);
printAllDocuments(collection);
removeAllDocuments(collection);
System.out.println("\nTesting 1...with $set");
insertDummyDocuments(collection);
BasicDBObject updateDocument = new BasicDBObject();
updateDocument.append("$set", new BasicDBObject().append("clients", 110));
BasicDBObject searchQuery2 = new BasicDBObject().append("hosting", "hostB");
collection.update(searchQuery2, updateDocument);
printAllDocuments(collection);
removeAllDocuments(collection);
System.out.println("\nTesting 2... with $inc");
insertDummyDocuments(collection);
// find hosting = hostB and increase it's "clients" value by 99
BasicDBObject newDocument2 = new BasicDBObject().append("$inc",
new BasicDBObject().append("clients", 99));
collection.update(new BasicDBObject().append("hosting", "hostB"), newDocument2);
printAllDocuments(collection);
removeAllDocuments(collection);
System.out.println("\nTesting 3... with $multi");
insertDummyDocuments(collection);
// find type = vps , update all matched documents , clients value to 888
BasicDBObject updateQuery = new BasicDBObject();
updateQuery.append("$set", new BasicDBObject().append("clients", "888"));
BasicDBObject searchQuery3 = new BasicDBObject();
searchQuery3.append("type", "vps");
collection.updateMulti(searchQuery3, updateQuery);
// collection.update(searchQuery3, updateQuery, false, true);
printAllDocuments(collection);
removeAllDocuments(collection);
System.out.println("Done");
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (MongoException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
输出量
Testing 1...no $set
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostA" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 1000}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "clients" : 110}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 900}
Testing 1...with $set
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostA" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 1000}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostB" , "type" : "dedicated server" , "clients" : 110}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 900}
Testing 2... with $inc
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostA" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 1000}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostB" , "type" : "dedicated server" , "clients" : 199}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 900}
Testing 3... with $multi
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostB" , "type" : "dedicated server" , "clients" : 100}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "hosting" : "hostC" , "type" : "vps" , "clients" : 900}
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "id"} , "clients" : "888" , "hosting" : "hostA" , "type" : "vps"}
Done
参考文献
翻译自: https://mkyong.com/mongodb/java-mongodb-update-document/