域名正则表达式模式
^((?!-)[A-Za-z0-9-]{1,63}(?<!-)\\.)+[A-Za-z]{2,6}$
上述模式可确保域名符合以下条件:
- 域名应该是az | AZ | 0-9和连字符(-)
- 域名长度应在1到63个字符之间
- 最后一个Tld必须至少两个字符,最多6个字符
- 域名不得以连字符(-)开头或结尾(例如-google.com或google-.com)
- 域名可以是子域名(例如mkyong.blogspot.com)
描述
^ #Start of the line
( #Start of group #1
(?! -) #Can't start with a hyphen
[A-Za-z0-9-]{1,63} #Domain name is [A-Za-z0-9-], between 1 and 63 long
(?<!-) #Can't end with hyphen
\\. #Follow by a dot "."
)+ #End of group #1, this group must appear at least 1 time, but allowed multiple times for subdomain
[A-Za-z]{2,6} #TLD is [A-Za-z], between 2 and 6 long
$ #end of the line
注意
这种正则表达式模式应该能够匹配大多数“实际使用”的域名。
有效域名列表
- www.google.com
- google.com
- mkyong123.com
- mkyong-info.com
- sub.mkyong.com
- sub.mkyong-info.com
- mkyong.com.au
- g.co
- mkyong.ttco
无效域名列表,以及原因。
- mkyong.ttc – Tld必须介于2到6之间
- mkyong,com –不允许使用逗号
- mkyong –无Tld
- mkyong.123,TLD不允许数字
- .com –必须以[A-Za-z0-9]开头
- mkyong.com/users – No Tld
- -mkyong.com –不能以连字符开头–
- mkyong-.com –不能以连字符结尾–
- sub.-mkyong.com –不能以连字符开头–
- sub.mkyong-.com –不能以连字符结尾–
1. Java正则表达式示例
一个简单的Java示例,可以使用上述正则表达式模式来验证域名。
DomainUtils.java
package com.mkyong.regex;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class DomainUtils {
private static Pattern pDomainNameOnly;
private static final String DOMAIN_NAME_PATTERN = "^((?!-)[A-Za-z0-9-]{1,63}(?<!-)\\.)+[A-Za-z]{2,6}$";
static {
pDomainNameOnly = Pattern.compile(DOMAIN_NAME_PATTERN);
}
public static boolean isValidDomainName(String domainName) {
return pDomainNameOnly.matcher(domainName).find();
}
}
2.使用jUnit进行单元测试
一个jUnit示例。
DomainUtilsTestParam.java
package com.mkyong.regex;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
import org.junit.runners.Parameterized.Parameters;
@RunWith(value = Parameterized.class)
public class DomainUtilsTestParam {
private String domain;
private boolean expected;
public DomainUtilsTestParam(String domain, boolean expected) {
this.domain = domain;
this.expected = expected;
}
@Parameters(name= "{index}: isValid({0})={1}")
public static Iterable<Object[]> data() {
return Arrays.asList(new Object[][] {
{ "www.google.com", true },
{ "google.com", true },
{ "mkyong123.com", true },
{ "mkyong-info.com", true },
{ "sub.mkyong.com", true },
{ "sub.mkyong-info.com", true },
{ "mkyong.com.au", true },
{ "sub.mkyong.com", true },
{ "sub.sub.mkyong.com", true },
{ "g.co", true },
{ "mkyong.t.t.co", true },
{ "mkyong.t.t.c", false }, //Tld must at between 2 and 6 long
{ "mkyong,com", false }, //comma not allowed
{ "mkyong", false }, //no tld
{ "mkyong.123", false }, //digit not allowed in tld
{ ".com", false }, //must start with [A-Za-z0-9]
{ "mkyong.a", false }, //last tld need at least two characters
{ "mkyong.com/users", false }, // no tld
{ "-mkyong.com", false }, //Cannot begin with a hyphen -
{ "mkyong-.com", false }, //Cannot end with a hyphen -
{ "sub.-mkyong.com", false }, //Cannot begin with a hyphen -
{ "sub.mkyong-.com", false } //Cannot end with a hyphen -
}
);
}
@Test
public void test_validDomains() {
assertEquals(expected,DomainUtils.isValidDomainName(domain));
}
}
输出,全部通过。
4.使用TestNG进行单元测试
一个TestNG示例。
DomainUtilsTestParam.java
package com.mkyong.regex;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class DomainUtilsTestParam {
@DataProvider
public Object[][] ValidDomainNameProvider() {
return new Object[][] {{
new String[] {
"www.google.com", "google.com",
"mkyong123.com", "mkyong-info.com",
"sub.mkyong.com","sub.mkyong-info.com",
"mkyong.com.au", "sub.mkyong.com",
"sub.sub.mkyong.com", "g.co", "mkyong.t.t.co" } } };
}
@DataProvider
public Object[][] InvalidDomainNameProvider() {
return new Object[][] { { new String[] {
"mkyong.t.t.c", "mkyong,com",
"mkyong", "mkyong.123",
".com", "mkyong.a",
"mkyong.com/users", "-mkyong.com",
"mkyong-.com",".com", "sub.-mkyong.com", "sub.mkyong-.com"} } };
}
@Test(dataProvider = "ValidDomainNameProvider")
public void ValidDomainNameTest(String[] domainName) {
for (String temp : domainName) {
boolean valid = DomainUtils.isValidDomainName(temp);
System.out.println("Valid domain name : " + temp);
Assert.assertEquals(valid, true);
}
}
@Test(dataProvider = "InvalidDomainNameProvider",
dependsOnMethods = "ValidDomainNameTest")
public void InValidDomainNameTest(String[] domainName) {
for (String temp : domainName) {
boolean valid = DomainUtils.isValidDomainName(temp);
System.out.println("Invalid domain name : " + temp);
Assert.assertEquals(valid, false);
}
}
}
结果
Valid domain name : www.google.com
Valid domain name : google.com
Valid domain name : mkyong123.com
Valid domain name : mkyong-info.com
Valid domain name : sub.mkyong.com
Valid domain name : sub.mkyong-info.com
Valid domain name : mkyong.com.au
Valid domain name : sub.mkyong.com
Valid domain name : sub.sub.mkyong.com
Valid domain name : g.co
Valid domain name : mkyong.t.t.co
Invalid domain name : mkyong.t.t.c
Invalid domain name : mkyong,com
Invalid domain name : mkyong
Invalid domain name : mkyong.123
Invalid domain name : .com
Invalid domain name : mkyong.a
Invalid domain name : mkyong.com/users
Invalid domain name : -mkyong.com
Invalid domain name : mkyong-.com
Invalid domain name : .com
Invalid domain name : sub.-mkyong.com
Invalid domain name : sub.mkyong-.com
PASSED: ValidDomainNameTest([Ljava.lang.String;@4661e987)
PASSED: InValidDomainNameTest([Ljava.lang.String;@117b8cf0)
===============================================
Default test
Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Skips: 0
===============================================
参考文献
标签: 正则表达式
翻译自: https://mkyong.com/regular-expressions/domain-name-regular-expression-example/