在linux下挂载磁盘方法

1.【fdisk -l 】查看新磁盘,如果你先前有一块硬盘(sda1, sda3...),新加的这块应该是(/dev/sdb)：

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux

/dev/sda3              14        1044     8281507+  83  Linux

 

Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

2.分区：

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 1044.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1044, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1044, default 1044):
Using default value 1044
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

3.查看分区情况：

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda3              14        1044     8281507+  83  Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1        1044     8385898+  83  Linux

4、格式化：
 

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext3  /dev/sdb1
#上方时ext3文件格式的格式化，还有xfs文件的格式化方法：mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
1048576 inodes, 2096474 blocks
104823 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2147483648
64 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
Writing inode tables: done                           
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

5.装载：
 

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /u01/app/oracle

#[root@localhost ~]# mount -t xfs /dev/xvdb1 /data  （xfs文件挂载方法）

[root@localhost ~]# df -h

#[root@localhost ~]# df -Th   可以看到磁盘格式

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

                      6.7G  5.8G  576M  92% /

/dev/sda1              99M   12M   82M  13% /boot

tmpfs                 233M     0  233M   0% /dev/shm

/dev/sdb1             7.9G  147M  7.4G   2% /u01/app/oracle

 
6、编辑fstab文件（不然重启电脑后系统将不会保存之前的挂载操作）：
 

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab

/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1

LABEL=/boot             /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2

devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0

tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0

proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0

sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0

/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

/dev/sdc1               /u03                    ext3     defaults        1 1

/dev/sdb1               /u01/app/oracle         ext3     defaults        1 1

# Beginning of the block added by the VMware software

.host:/                 /mnt/hgfs               vmhgfs  defaults,ttl=5     0 0

# End of the block added by the VMware software

 
7.卸载：
 

[root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/sdb1

[root@localhost ~]# df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

                      6.7G  5.8G  576M  92% /

/dev/sda1              99M   12M   82M  13% /boot

tmpfs                 233M     0  233M   0% /dev/shm