ORACLE TO_CHAR

The following are number examples for the to_char function.

to_char(1210.73, '9999.9') would return '1210.7'

to_char(1210.73, '9,999.99') would return '1,210.73'

to_char(1210.73, '$9,999.00') would return '$1,210.73'

to_char(21, '000099') would return '000021'

The following is a list of valid parameters when the to_char function is used to convert a date to a string. These parameters can be used in many combinations.

Parameter Explanation YEAR Year, spelled out YYYY 4-digit year YYY YY Y Last 3, 2, or 1 digit(s) of year.

IYY IY I Last 3, 2, or 1 digit(s) of ISO year. IYYY 4-digit year based on the ISO standard Q Quarter of year (1, 2, 3, 4; JAN-MAR = 1). MM Month (01-12; JAN = 01). MON Abbreviated name of month. MONTH Name of month, padded with blanks to length of 9 characters. RM Roman numeral month (I-XII; JAN = I).

WW Week of year (1-53) where week 1 starts on the first day of the year and continues to the seventh day of the year. W Week of month (1-5) where week 1 starts on the first day of the month and ends on the seventh. IW Week of year (1-52 or 1-53) based on the ISO standard.

D Day of week (1-7). DAY Name of day. DD Day of month (1-31). DDD Day of year (1-366). DY Abbreviated name of day. J Julian day; the number of days since January 1, 4712 BC.

HH Hour of day (1-12). HH12 Hour of day (1-12). HH24 Hour of day (0-23).

MI Minute (0-59). SS Second (0-59). SSSSS Seconds past midnight (0-86399).

FF Fractional seconds. The following are date examples for the to_char function.

to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy/mm/dd'); would return '2003/07/09'

to_char(sysdate, 'Month DD, YYYY'); would return 'July 09, 2003'

to_char(sysdate, 'FMMonth DD, YYYY'); would return 'July 9, 2003'

to_char(sysdate, 'MON DDth, YYYY'); would return 'JUL 09TH, 2003'

to_char(sysdate, 'FMMON DDth, YYYY'); would return 'JUL 9TH, 2003'

to_char(sysdate, 'FMMon ddth, YYYY'); would return 'Jul 9th, 2003'

You will notice that in some examples, the format_mask parameter begins with "FM". This means that zeros and blanks are suppressed.

This can be seen in the examples below.

to_char(sysdate, 'FMMonth DD, YYYY'); would return 'July 9, 2003'

to_char(sysdate, 'FMMON DDth, YYYY'); would return 'JUL 9TH, 2003'

to_char(sysdate, 'FMMon ddth, YYYY'); would return 'Jul 9th, 2003'

The zeros have been suppressed so that the day component shows as "9" as opposed to "09".

Oracle函数to_char转化数字型指定小数点位数的用法 to_char，函数功能，就是将数值型或者日期型转化为字符型。

比如最简单的应用：

/*1.0123--->'1.0123'*/

Select TO_CHAR(1.0123) FROM DUAL

 

/*123--->'123'*/

Select TO_CHAR(123) FROM DUAL

接下来再看看下面：

/*0.123 ---> '.123' */

SELEC TO_CHAR(0.123) FROM DUAL

上面的结果 '.123'

在大多数情况下都不是我们想要的结果，我们想要的应该是 '0.123'。

我们来看一下to_char函数的具体用法：

TO_CHAR ( n [, fmt [, 'nlsparam']] ) 该函数将NUMBER类型的n按数值格式fmt转换成VARCHAR2类型的值。

'nlsparams'指定由数值格式的元素返回的字符,

包括:

．小数点字符

．组分隔符

．本地钱币符号

．国际钱币符号

变元的形式为： 'NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS="dg" NLS_CURRENCY="tcxt" NLS_ISO_CURRENCY=territory'

其中d为小数点字符,g为组分隔符。

例 :

TO_CHAR (17145,'L099G999','NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS=".," NLS_CURRENCY="NUD"')=NUD017,145

通过上面的了解，再查看fmt的一些格式，我们可以用以下表达式得到'0.123'的值：

/*0.123 ---> ' 0.123' */

Select TO_CHAR(0.123,'0.999') FROM DUAL

 

/*100.12 ---> '######' */

Select TO_CHAR(100.12,'0.999') FROM DUAL

 

/*1.12 ---> ' 1.120' */

Select TO_CHAR(1.12,'0.999') FROM DUAL

 ' 0.123'是出来了，可是前面又多了一个空格。

对于 100.12 的值却是######，以及'1.12'的值变成了 '1.120'。

我们重新确定一个新的需求：

1、去空格

2、小数点最多4位，最少保留2位。

1--->'1.00'；

1.1--->'1.00'；

1.12-->'1.12'；

1.1234--->'1.1234'；

 1.12345--->'1.1235'

最终实现如下：

 /* FM ：除空格 9999999.0099：允许小数点左边最大正数为7位，小数点右边最少2位，最多4位，且在第5位进行四舍五入 */

Select TO_CHAR(123.0233,'FM9999999.0099') FROM DUAL