迭代器模式

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1. 类图

• Iterator：迭代器接口。定义访问和遍历元素的接口
• ConcreteIterator：迭代器实现类。实现对聚合对象的遍历，并跟踪遍历时的当前位置
• Aggregate：聚合对象。定义创建相应迭代器对象的接口
• ConcreteAggregate：聚合对象实现。实现创建相应的迭代器对象

2. 示例

统一访问聚合元素的方法

2.1 迭代器接口

public interface Iterator {
    void first();
    void next();
    boolean isDone();
    Object currentItem();
}

2.2 迭代器实现

处理不同聚合对象的处理方式

public class ArrayIteratorImpl<T> implements Iterator {
    private T[] t = null;
    private int index = -1;

    public ArrayIteratorImpl(T[] t){this.t = t;}
    @Override
    public void first() {this.index = 0;}

    @Override
    public void next() {
        if (this.index < this.t.length) {
            this.index += 1;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isDone() {return this.index == this.t.length;}

    @Override
    public Object currentItem() {return this.t[this.index];}
}

public class ListIteratorImpl<T> implements Iterator {
    private List<T> list = null;
    private int index = -1;

    public ListIteratorImpl(List<T> list){this.list = list;}

    @Override
    public void first() {this.index = 0;}

    @Override
    public void next() {
        if(this.index < this.list.size()){
            this.index += 1;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isDone() {return this.list.size() == this.index;}

    @Override
    public Object currentItem() {return this.list.get(this.index);}
}

2.3 聚合对象

public abstract class Aggregate {
    public abstract Iterator createIterator();
}

2.4 聚合对象实现

public class ArrayAggregate extends Aggregate {
    @Override
    public Iterator createIterator() {
        return new ArrayIteratorImpl<>(new String[]{"1","2","3","4","5"});
    }
}

public class ListAggregate extends Aggregate {
    @Override
    public Iterator createIterator() {
        return new ListIteratorImpl<>(Arrays.asList("a","b","c","d","e"));
    }
}

2.5 客户端

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Aggregate aggregate = new ListAggregate();
        // Aggregate aggregate = new ArrayAggregate();
        Iterator iterator = aggregate.createIterator();

        iterator.first();
        while (!iterator.isDone()) {
            System.out.println("迭代器：" + iterator.currentItem());
            iterator.next();
        }
    }
}

3. 优点

• 更好的封装性
• 简化聚合接口