C# 如何捕获键盘按钮和组合键以及KeyPress/KeyDown事件之间的区别（附KeyChar/KeyCode值）

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于 2024-07-25 22:54:09 发布

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文章标签： c# 计算机外设算法

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wobckr/article/details/90897043?spm=1001.2101.3001.6650.1&depth_1-utm_relevant_index=2

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1. 首先将窗口属性KeyPreview设为true，如果属性对话框中找不到，就直接在代码里添加；
2. 添加KeyPress / KeyDown事件：

1、KeyPress 和KeyDown 、KeyPress之间的区别
1）KeyPress主要用来捕获数字(注意：包括Shift+数字的符号)、字母（注意：包括大小写）、小键盘等除了F1-12、SHIFT、Alt、Ctrl、Insert、Home、PgUp、Delete、End、PgDn、ScrollLock、Pause、NumLock、{菜单键}、{开始键}和方向键外的ANSI字符
KeyDown 和KeyUp 通常可以捕获键盘除了PrScrn所有按键(这里不讨论特殊键盘的特殊键）
2）KeyPress 只能捕获单个字符
KeyDown 和 KeyUp 可以捕获组合键。
3）KeyPress 可以捕获单个字符的大小写
4）KeyDown和KeyUp 对于单个字符捕获的KeyValue 都是一个值，也就是不能判断单个字符的大小写。
5）KeyPress 不区分小键盘和主键盘的数字字符。
KeyDown 和KeyUp 区分小键盘和主键盘的数字字符。
6）其中PrScrn 按键KeyPress、KeyDown和KeyUp 都不能捕获。

2、KeyPress事件

Winform文本框只能输入数字和退格键和小数点：

private void TextBox_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
    if (e.KeyChar != 8 && !Char.IsDigit(e.KeyChar) && e.KeyChar != '.')
    {
        e.Handled = true;
    }
}
//或者 
private void TextBox_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
    if (e.KeyChar != '\b' && !Char.IsDigit(e.KeyChar) && e.KeyChar != '.')
    {
        e.Handled = true;
    }
}

3、KeyChar取值：

另外2个特殊ASCII码：回车=13，换行=10，退格='\b' 或者退格=8

4、KeyDown事件：

捕获单个按键：

private void Form1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) 
{ 
       Keys key = e.KeyCode; 
       if (e.Control!=true)//如果没按Ctrl键 
return; 
       switch (key) 
       { 
            case Keys.NumPad0: 
                //按下小键盘0以后 
                break; 
            case Keys.NumPad1: 
                //按下小键盘1以后 
                break; 
            case Keys.S: 
                //按下S键以后 
                break; 
            case Keys.Up: 
                //按下向下键以后 
                break; 
       } 
}

捕获组合键（以全选为例）：

private void textBox1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
    if (e.Control && e.KeyCode == Keys.A)
    {
        (sender as TextBox).SelectAll();
    }
}

5、KeyCode取值：
keycode 8 = BackSpace BackSpace
keycode 9 = Tab Tab
keycode 12 = Clear
keycode 13 = Enter
keycode 16 = Shift_L
keycode 17 = Control_L
keycode 18 = Alt_L
keycode 19 = Pause
keycode 20 = Caps_Lock
keycode 27 = Escape Escape
keycode 32 = space space
keycode 33 = Prior
keycode 34 = Next
keycode 35 = End
keycode 36 = Home
keycode 37 = Left
keycode 38 = Up
keycode 39 = Right
keycode 40 = Down
keycode 41 = Select
keycode 42 = Print
keycode 43 = Execute
keycode 45 = Insert
keycode 46 = Delete
keycode 47 = Help
keycode 48 = 0 equal braceright
keycode 49 = 1 exclam onesuperior
keycode 50 = 2 quotedbl twosuperior
keycode 51 = 3 section threesuperior
keycode 52 = 4 dollar
keycode 53 = 5 percent
keycode 54 = 6 ampersand
keycode 55 = 7 slash braceleft
keycode 56 = 8 parenleft bracketleft
keycode 57 = 9 parenright bracketright
keycode 65 = a A
keycode 66 = b B
keycode 67 = c C
keycode 68 = d D
keycode 69 = e E EuroSign
keycode 70 = f F
keycode 71 = g G
keycode 72 = h H
keycode 73 = i I
keycode 74 = j J
keycode 75 = k K
keycode 76 = l L
keycode 77 = m M mu
keycode 78 = n N
keycode 79 = o O
keycode 80 = p P
keycode 81 = q Q at
keycode 82 = r R
keycode 83 = s S
keycode 84 = t T
keycode 85 = u U
keycode 86 = v V
keycode 87 = w W
keycode 88 = x X
keycode 89 = y Y
keycode 90 = z Z
keycode 96 = KP_0 KP_0
keycode 97 = KP_1 KP_1
keycode 98 = KP_2 KP_2
keycode 99 = KP_3 KP_3
keycode 100 = KP_4 KP_4
keycode 101 = KP_5 KP_5
keycode 102 = KP_6 KP_6
keycode 103 = KP_7 KP_7
keycode 104 = KP_8 KP_8
keycode 105 = KP_9 KP_9
keycode 106 = KP_Multiply KP_Multiply
keycode 107 = KP_Add KP_Add
keycode 108 = KP_Separator KP_Separator
keycode 109 = KP_Subtract KP_Subtract
keycode 110 = KP_Decimal KP_Decimal
keycode 111 = KP_Divide KP_Divide
keycode 112 = F1
keycode 113 = F2
keycode 114 = F3
keycode 115 = F4
keycode 116 = F5
keycode 117 = F6
keycode 118 = F7
keycode 119 = F8
keycode 120 = F9
keycode 121 = F10
keycode 122 = F11
keycode 123 = F12
keycode 124 = F13
keycode 125 = F14
keycode 126 = F15
keycode 127 = F16
keycode 128 = F17
keycode 129 = F18
keycode 130 = F19
keycode 131 = F20
keycode 132 = F21
keycode 133 = F22
keycode 134 = F23
keycode 135 = F24
keycode 136 = Num_Lock
keycode 137 = Scroll_Lock
keycode 187 = acute grave
keycode 188 = comma semicolon
keycode 189 = minus underscore
keycode 190 = period colon
keycode 192 = numbersign apostrophe
keycode 210 = plusminus hyphen macron
keycode 211 =
keycode 212 = copyright registered
keycode 213 = guillemotleft guillemotright
keycode 214 = masculine ordfeminine
keycode 215 = ae AE
keycode 216 = cent yen
keycode 217 = questiondown exclamdown
keycode 218 = onequarter onehalf threequarters
keycode 220 = less greater bar
keycode 221 = plus asterisk asciitilde
keycode 227 = multiply division
keycode 228 = acircumflex Acircumflex
keycode 229 = ecircumflex Ecircumflex
keycode 230 = icircumflex Icircumflex
keycode 231 = ocircumflex Ocircumflex
keycode 232 = ucircumflex Ucircumflex
keycode 233 = ntilde Ntilde
keycode 234 = yacute Yacute
keycode 235 = oslash Ooblique
keycode 236 = aring Aring
keycode 237 = ccedilla Ccedilla
keycode 238 = thorn THORN
keycode 239 = eth ETH
keycode 240 = diaeresis cedilla currency
keycode 241 = agrave Agrave atilde Atilde
keycode 242 = egrave Egrave
keycode 243 = igrave Igrave
keycode 244 = ograve Ograve otilde Otilde
keycode 245 = ugrave Ugrave
keycode 246 = adiaeresis Adiaeresis
keycode 247 = ediaeresis Ediaeresis
keycode 248 = idiaeresis Idiaeresis
keycode 249 = odiaeresis Odiaeresis
keycode 250 = udiaeresis Udiaeresis
keycode 251 = ssharp question backslash
keycode 252 = asciicircum degree
keycode 253 = 3 sterling
keycode 254 = Mode_switch

6、如何获取键盘按钮的keyChar值（keyCode同理）

private void Form1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)  
{  
    char Key_Char = e.KeyChar;//判断按键的 Keychar  
    MessageBox.Show(((int)(Key_Char)).ToString());//转成整数显示
}